必修第一册 Welcome Unit (104)

必修第一册WelcomeUnit高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2023·山东青岛联考)Itwaslate，about10：15p．m.JaniceEspositogotoffthetrainatBellport，NewYork，wenttohercarandstarteddrivinghome.Shewassofamiliarwiththeroutethatshealmostdroveautomatically：turnedlefttotheStationRoad，thenanotherleftontoMontaukHighway，andthen—bam!WhenEsposito’scarhadjustcrossedtherailroadtracks，itbumpedintoanothervehicleandwaspushedbackontothetracks.Injuredbutmostlyshockedbythecrashandbytheairbagsthatpoppedup，shewasstuckinthevehicle.Asithappened，PeteDiPintowasjustabouttogotosleepwhenheheardasharpnoiseandsawtheaccidentnotfaroutsidehisbedroomwindow.Asavolunteerfirefighterandretiredteacher，DiPinto，whowas65，fetchedaflashlightandrushedoutwithouthesitation.“AnyfirefighterwouldhavedonewhatIdid，”hesaid.“We’realwaysonduty.”Atfirst，hespottedtheothercarintheaccident.Aftermakingsurethatthedriverwasallright，DiPintolookedaroundanddiscoveredEsposito’scarstraddling(横跨)therailwaytracks.Andthenheheardthebellring，whichsignaledatrain’sarrival.DiPintorushedtoEsposito’scarandbrokethewindowonthedriver’sside.Espositolookedupathim，withhereyesglazingover.“Idon’tknowwhereIam，”shesaid.“You’reontherailroadtracks，”DiPintoyelled.“Ihavetogetyouoffrightnow！”Thetrainwasrunningtowardthemataspeedofsome105kilometersperhour.Thedriver’sdoorfailedtobeopenedduetothecollision(碰撞)，soDiPintoquicklyrantotheothersideandwasabletoopenthedoor.Heputtheairbagsaside，seizedherarms，pulledhertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilfinallygotheroutandwalkedhertosafetyasswiftlyaspossible.Severalsecondslater，thetraincrashedintothevehicle.“ItwaslikeaHollywoodmovie，”DiPintotoldreportersthenextday.“Lastnight，”saidGregoryMiglinoJr.，ChiefoftheDepartmentinSouthCountryAmbulance，“theheroarrivedinpajamas(睡衣裤)，notinafiretruck.”语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了65岁的志愿消防员Dipinto不顾自己安危把由于车祸被困在车里的JaniceEsposito从铁轨上救出来的故事。1．Whatcanweknowabouttheaccidentfromparagraph1?A．Esposito’scarhitanothervehicle.B．Espositodrovetoofast.C．Espositodidn’tknowtheroutewell.D．ArunningtraincrashedintoEsposito’scar.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“WhenEsposito’scarhadjustcrossedtherailroadtracks，itbumpedintoanothervehicleandwaspushedbackontothetracks.”可知，Esposito的车撞上了另一辆车。故选A。2．HowwasJaniceEspositorightaftertheaccident?A．Shefeltallright.B．Shewasbadlyhurt.C．Shegottrappedinthecar.D．Shecompletelylostherconsciousness.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段末句中的“shewasstuckinthevehicle”可知，Esposito在事故后被困在了车里。故选C。3．HowwasJaniceEspositorescuedfromhercar?A．Throughthewindowonthedriver’sside.B．Throughthedooronthedriver’sside.C．Throughthewindowonthepassenger’sside.D．Throughthedooronthepassenger’sside.答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“Thedriver’sdoorfailedtobeopenedduetothecollision(碰撞)，soDiPintoquicklyrantotheothersideandwasabletoopenthedoor.”和“He...pulledhertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilfinallygotherout...”可知，Esposito被从乘客座位那边的门救了出来。故选D。4．WhatdidGregoryMiglinoJr.meanbysaying“theheroarrivedinpajamas(睡衣裤)，notinafiretruck”？A．DiPintowasnotaprofessionalfirefighter.B．DiPintorushedtosavelifewithoutthinkingabouthimself.C．DiPintowasaspecialfirefighterwhopreferredwearingpajamas.D．DiPintowasunabletofindafiretruckwhentheaccidenthappened.答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“rushedoutwithouthesitation”可知，DiPinto在得知事故后，毫不犹豫地冲出去救人。再根据最后一段中“这位英雄是穿着睡衣来的，而不是坐着消防车”可知，此处意在说明DiPinto舍身救人的精神。故选B。BFormorethanadecade，ateamofresearchershavestudiedthedynamicsoftheGreenlandIceSheetasitrespondstoawarmingclimate.Butwhilemuchoftheirfocushasbeenonwater’simpactsonicesheetchange，theirmostrecentresearchfindingshaveoverturnedtheorderoftheirthinking.Meierbachtol，HarperandtheirteamdiscoveredthatchangesintheicesheethavearealimpactonthemassivegroundwatersystemunderlyingGreenland.Thislatestdiscoveryoccurredthankstoamarriageofdrillingtechniques.Internationalcooperatorsmadeanangledhole650metersthroughbedrockunderneathaGreenlandglacier(冰川)tomeasuregroundwaterconditionsundertheice.Meanwhile，researchersdrilled32holesfromatoptheglacier，throughnearlyakilometerofice，tomeasurewaterconditionsattheareabetweeniceandbedrock，whichformsanimportantboundarycontrollinggroundwaterflowbelow.Afterdrilling，theteamfixedsensorsintheicecolumnandattheicesheetbedtomeasureicedynamicsandwaterconditionsaswaterflowsundertheice.“Bystudyingareascoveredbyice10,000yearsago，wehaveknownthatthehugemassandvastamountsofwaterfrommeltingicecanimpacttheunderlyinggroundwater，”Meierbachtolsaid.“It’sgenerallyacceptedthatthegroundwaterissleepingoverdecadestocenturiesanditsresponsetoicesheetchangeislong：thousandsofyears.Butwhatwe’veshownhereisthatitisimmediate.”ThisnewunderstandingcouldhaveimportantsubsequenteffectsonhowGreenland’sthinningiceimpactstheArctic.Thethinningicecouldreducetherateofgroundwaterflowtotheocean，changingthewatertemperatureandsalinity(盐度)balancethatisimportantforoceancirculation(循环)patterns.“InthinkingaboutthecomplexfeedbacksfromGreenland’songoingchange，wehavereallyignoredthegroundwatercomponent，”Harpersaid.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发现格陵兰岛的地下水系统受到冰盖变化的影响。5．Howdotheresearchersfeelabouttheresultoftherecentstudy?A．Satisfied.B．Disappointed.C．Surprised.D．Doubtful.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Butwhilemuchoftheirfocus...theirmostrecentresea