专题 20 阅读理解之主旨大意题-2024年新高考英语一轮复习练小题刷大题提能力（原卷版）

专题20阅读理解（主旨大意题）刷大题、提能力1.（2023·广东深圳·高三统考期末）Bostonwantstobesmarter.Thecityhastakenadvantageoftechnologiestobecomemoreresponsivetoitsresidents'needs.Buttechnologyaloneisnotsufficienttomaketoday'scitiesliveable.Bostonhasdiscoveredthatitalsoneedstoreachtheold-fashionedlow-techcommunityandintegratethattechnologywithcitylife.KrisCarterrolledoutBoston'ssmartcityprogramin2014.ItstartedwithanAppthatresidentscoulddownloadtoreportlocationswheresidewalksneededrepair.Thecitysortedoutthosereportsandrankedtheminadatabase,whichrepaircrewsusedtoprioritizetheirwork.Thesystemworkedbeautifully,exceptforoneproblem:mostofthealerts(警报)camefromwealthierneighborhoods,wheretheconcentrationofsmartphone-equippedresidentswashighest.＂ThecomplaintsfromtheAppdidn'talwayscorrelatewiththegreatestcommunityneedforrepairs,explainsCarter.Carter'sgrouphasmovedawayfromthemodelcommontomanysmartcityinitiativesoflettingtech-savvy(精通技术的）residentsdrivetheprocess.Instead,theyrunmeetingstofindoutwhatproblemspeopleindifferentneighborhoodscareaboutsolving.Whenitcametosidewalks,Bostonintroducedasecondmethodofcollectingrepairtips,hiringpeopletogetoutandwalkthecity's1,700milesofsidewalkstotakenotesontheircondition.Whetherusinglow-techorhigh-techapproaches,saysCarter,tostaysmart,acityneedstocontinuallyreassessitsoptionstospotopportunitiestoimproveresidents'lives.Takethesidewalkrepairprogram,walkingonthestreetswasprovedauseful,ifinefficientwaytoprioritizerepairneeds.Butlastyearthegroupfoundthatwalkers'mobilephonescouldbetrackedastheymovedalongthestreets,andthatdatacouldbeanalyzedtoidentifysidewalkrouteswhicharemostoftenusedbyneighborhoods.“Combinedwithourothersidewalkinformation,thatgaveusanevenbetterwaytopredictwherefasterrepairswoulddothemostgood,saysCarter,We'rereallyalwayslookingforwhatevermixofapproachesbestsolvestheproblem.1．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thecitizens'life.B．Thecity'sreputation.C．Thecity'smanagement.D．Thebenefitsoftechnology.2．WhatproblemdidKrisCarter'steammeetwhencarryingouttheirprogram?A．Theyfacedmanytechnicalobstacles.B．Theycouldn'tserveallresidentswell.C．Theywerenotsupportedbyresidents.D．Theywereannoyedbybeingshort-staffed.3．WhichofthefollowingmightKrisCartermostagreewith?A．Maximizingthebenefitsoftechnology.B．Mixingapproachesforsolvingproblems.C．Givingfullplaytothepowerofresidents.D．Lettingtechcompaniesbealeadingrole.4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ASmartCity:MoreThanJustTechB．ACitywithIntelligentFacilitiesC．Joint-effortinCityConstructionD．TheModernizationofaCity2.（2023·广东潮州·统考二模）In2006,documentswerepublishedbytheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA).TheysuggestedthatclonedanimalsandclonedanimalproductswouldbeallowedintotheAmericanfoodsupply.TheFDAhasstatedthatclonedanimalproductsaresafeforconsumption,andhasperformedmanystudiestosupportthisview.Infact,productsfromclonedanimalshavealreadybeeneatenbysomeAmericanswithoutilleffects.TheFDAanalyzedthestructure(结构)andcontentofclonedanimalproductsandcompareditwiththatoftraditionallyreproducedanimals,anddiscoverednostatisticaldifferencebetweenthetwo.Consumersraisedseriousconcernsaboutclonedanimals.Thefirstisthequestionofwhetherornotclonedtissueandanimalproductsaretrulysafe.Thesecondisthatmanyclonesarealsogeneticallymodified(转基因的)animals,whichtheFDAhassaidareunsafeforhumanconsumption.Thethirdisthatconsumerswanttobeabletochoosewhattheyputintotheirbodies.Thefirstconcernaboutclonedanimalsisalmostunnecessaryduetothepriceofproducingaclone.Makingacloneneedshardworkandisverycostly.Thesecloneslivespoiledlivesbecausetheyareveryvaluable,despitebiologists'warningthatclonedanimalsdecreasediversity.Thesecondconcern,aboutgeneticmodificationofclonedanimals,ismoreproblematic.Itmaybeverydifficulttoseparategeneticallymodifiedanimalsfromnormalones.Thepurposeofgeneticallymodifiedclonedanimalsisunclear,andtheFDAhasn'tallowedtheirproductsontothemarket,duetohealthconcerns,buttheriskofgeneticpollutionofhealthyanimalsstillexists.Finally,thematterofchoiceisalargeone.Manyanimalrightsactivistsareworriedaboutclonerightsbecauseclonedornot,theanimalsstillhavelives.Otherconsumersaresimplytryingtoeathealthyfoods,andhavedoubtsabouttheclonedanimals.IftheFDAdoesnotmakelabeling(贴标签)laws,peoplemaynotbeabletomakeinformedchoicesabouttheirfood.5．WhydidtheFDAallowclonedanimalproductsforconsumption?A．Theyappealtoconsumersverymuch.B．Theydifferfromtraditionalanimalproducts.C．Theytastebetterthannormalanimalproducts.D．Theyhavebeenprovedsafeinseveralaspects.6．Whatdoweknowaboutproducingclonesofanimals?A．Ittakesmuchmoreeffortsandmoney.B．Itprovidessomenewmedicalbenefits.C．Itneedslesstimethanraisinganimals.D．Ithelpsincreasethediversityofanimals.7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Clonedanimalsshouldbeforbiddentoentermarket.B．Clonedanimalsshouldhavethesamerightsashumans.C．Lawsshouldbemadetoprotectpeople'srighttochoosefood.D．Animalrightsactivistsarestronglyagainstclonedanimalproducts.8．What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Doubtsaboutclonedanimalsrights.B．Discussionsabouthowtocloneanimals.C．Concernsaboutanimalcloningtechnology.D．Worries