专题 22 阅读理解之推理判断题-2024年新高考英语一轮复习练小题刷大题提能力（原卷版）

专题22阅读理解（推理判断题）刷大题、提能力1.（2023·安徽安庆·安庆一中校考模拟预测）Sleep,consideredaluxurybymany,isessentialforaperson'swellbeing.Researchershavefoundthatinsufficientsleepandtirednessincreaseaperson'sriskofdevelopingseveremedicalconditions,suchasobesity(beingveryoverweight),highbloodsugarlevels,andheartdisease.Now,anewstudyhasfoundthatgettingsufficientsleepisalsothekeytoimprovingacademicperformance.JeffreyGross,theuniversityscienceprofessorwholedtheresearch,wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.Instead,theprofessorhopedthewrist-wormdevices,whichtrackaperson'sphysicalactivity,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandacademicachievement.WhileGross'sdatashowednorelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors,thestudyfoundsomethingsurprising.Astheresearcherswereanalyzingtheirdata,theynoticedthattherewasastraight-linerelationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepastudentgotandtheirresultsinthecourse's11quizzes,threemidtermtests,andthefinalexam.Evenmoreinteresting,itwasnotsufficientforstudentstojustheadtobedearlythenightbeforeatest.Instead,it'sthesleepyougetduringthedayswhenlearningishappeningthatmattersmost.Thetimestudentswenttobedeachnightwassimilarlyimportant.Thosewhowenttobedinearlyhoursofthemorningperformedpoorly,evenifthetotalsleeptimewasthesameasahigher-performingstudent.Whenyougotobedmatters,Grosssays,Ifyougotobedat10,or12,or1atnight,andsleepforsevenhours,yourperformanceisthesame.Butifyougotobedafter2,yourperformancestartstogodownevenifyougetthesamesevenhours.So,quantityisn'teverything.Perhapsthemostinterestingwasthehugeimpactthatsmalldifferencesinsleeppatternshadonthestudents'grades.Theoverallcoursegradesforstudentsaveragingsixandahalfhoursofsleepeachnightwere25%lowerthanstudentswhoaveragedjustonehourmoresleep.Similarly,studentswhovariedtheirbedtimebyevenonehoureachnighthadgradesthatdropped45%belowthosewithmoreregularbedtimes.WhoknewgettingA'sjustrequiredsomeextraZZZ's?1．Basedonhisoriginalobjectives,whichbestdescribesProfessorGross'sresearchfindings?A．Accidental.B．Complete.C．Convincing.D．Doubtful.2．Whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?A．Middleschoolchemistrystudents.B．Volunteersfromdifferentuniversities.C．ProfessorGross'sownstudents.D．Universitystudentathletes.3．HowdidProfessorGross'steammeasureacademicperformance?A．Makingthestudentswearaspecialwatch.B．Usingstudents'universityentrancetestresults.C．Givingthestudentsregularafterclassquizzes.D．Usingthestudents'normaltestandquizgrades.4．Basedonthestudy'sfindings,whoislikelytoperformbestacademically.A．Apersonwhohasagoodnight'ssleepthenightbeforeanimportanttest.B．Apersonwhosenormalbedtimevariesbetween9p.m.and12p.m.C．Apersonwhosleepsfrom11p.m.to6a.m.eachday.D．Apersonwhosleepsforatotalof7hourseachnight.2.（2023·广东·高三深圳市福田中学阶段练习）Ashockingnewsreporthasrevealedthatmorethanoneinfivespeciesofmapletreesfacesextinction,warningthat75%ofthethreatenedspeciesare“geographicallyrestricted”intheirnativeregions.Thetreesareexperiencingavastdeclineinhabitat,duetourbandevelopment,woodharvestingandagriculturalexpansion.Timeisrunningoutfortheworld'sbiodiversity.Everyrecentsurveyofplantsandanimalsinthewildpointstothis.Thisishappeningnearlyeverywhererarermaplesexist.Andbecauseofclimatechange,thenarrowhabitatsthatsupportspeciesattheedgesofdryplacesandatthetopsofmountainsarequicklydisappearing.Thetreescanbefoundinsubtropicalandtropicalregions,asfarsouthasIndonesia.TheonlyspeciesfoundintheUK,thefieldmapleisnotunderthreat.Notonlyarethetreesapopularattractivefeatureinparksandpublicspaces,buttheyareakeypartofthenaturalecosysteminwoodlands,aswellasbeinganimportantwoodcropinseveralcountries.AlthoughthesugarmapleinNorthAmerica,whichproducesmaplejuice,isnotendangered,twooftheclosestrelativestothespeciesareendangered.Thereportnotesthatconservingat-riskspeciesintheirnaturalhabitatisthebestconservationtactic.Butcollectionsinbotanicalgardensandseedbanks-calledexsitucollectionscanactasinsurancepoliciesagainstextinction.Therearecurrently14speciesofmaple,includingfourthatarecriticallyendangered,whichareabsentfromthesetypesofcollections.OnespeciesinMexico,theAcerbinzayedii,isin“desperateneedofconservation”despiteonlybeingdiscoveredin2017.“Itisatriskfromclimatechangeinitscloudforesthabitatandthreatenedbyloggingandforestfireswhileitisalsoabsentfrom'exsitucollections',”thereportadds.Thereportrecommendsdevelopingconservationplans,monitoringspeciescurrentlynotatrisktoensurepopulationsaremaintained,andaddingthosemissingmaplespeciestoseedbanks.5．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Actiontoprotectmapletrees.B．Thedangeroussituationofmapletrees.C．Variousmapletrees'habitatsintheworld.D．Theconditionsfordiversityinmapletrees.6．Whatdothefieldmapleandthesugarmaplehaveincommon?A．Theycannotproducejuice.B．TheyarefoundinAmerica.C．Theyarenotatriskofextinction.D．Theyhavetwoendangeredrelatives.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tactic”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Topic.B．Approach.C．Result.D．Conclusion.8．What'sthemainpurposeofthereport?A．Toofferaproposal.B．Torecommendaproduct.C．Tointroducemaplespecies.