考点10 阅读理解推理判断之作者的目的和意图（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点

1考点10阅读理解推理判断之作者的目的和意图（核心考点精讲精练）1.三年真题考点分布考点题型推理判断之目的和意图阅读理解2023试卷类型设问考点【2023年1月·浙江卷】28．WhydoestheauthormentionNoaOvadiainthefirstparagraph?【2023年1月·浙江卷】C34．Whatisthepurposeofthelawsmentionedinparagraph4?【2023年1月·浙江卷】D目的和意图[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]26.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]B28.Whatisthebookaimedat?[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]C目的和意图[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]31.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningthee-reader?[2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]C目的和意图[2023·全国甲卷]29.WhydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinParagraph4?[2023·全国甲卷]C目的和意图[2023·全国乙卷]33.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinParagraph2?[2023·全国乙卷]D目的和意图20222022·新高考I卷阅读B24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?目的和意图20212021·英语全国甲卷C篇30.10．WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?目的和意图2021·全国高考乙卷C篇29．Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?目的和意图2021·全国新高考ID篇33．Whydoestheauthormention“doctor”and“cheater”inparagraph2?目的和意图2021·全国新高考II卷D篇34．WhydoesPeteBondsstillhirecowboystowatchcattle?目的和意图2.命题规律及备考策略2【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中写作目的和意图题考查了12次。主要考查：根据阅读文章整体或某一段落的内容推断写作目的和意图。写作目的和意图的方法：1.通过分析文章内容，断定文章中作者写某些事实或例子的目的是什么；2.因为要判断作者的写作目的和意图，所以我们一定要站在作者的角度看问题，把自己当成作者，你这样写是为了什么。【备考策略】系统归类写作目的和意图的方法；熟练掌握阅读技能。【命题预测】通过阅读理解中，推断写作目的和意图考查考生的基本的写作思路，在新高考命题中仍然是考查重点。因此，推断写作目的和意图的推理判断题，有可能在2024年高考中将成为高考阅读理解的重点题型。【2024年高考命题预测】推理判断之目的和意图考点是高考中的必考点。一篇发表的文章总有其作者的写作目的和用意，他一定是为了说明和阐述一个观点或说服读者同意某个立场或观点。做这类题时，我们一定要站在作者的角度上看问题，把自己当成作者。预测在2024高考中，目的和意图会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。【推理判断之目的和意图考点指南】规律方法：常见的设问方式：Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext?Thepurposeofthetextistogetmorepeopleto_______.Thewriterofthestorywantstotellusthat________.Thefact…ismentionedbytheauthortoshow________.Theauthorwritersthelastparagraphinorderto________.写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气来推断出作者的写作意图。1.【2023年1月·浙江卷】CAmachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess,itcanalsooutperformyouindebate.Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel’sformernationaldebatingchampion.Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.Suchwrinkleswillnodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointtoafundamentalproblem.AsKristianHammond,professorofelectricalengineeringandcomputerscienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit:“There’sneverastageatwhichthesystemknows3whatit’stalkingabout.”WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Acomputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.Humans,inthinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsoworkwithsymbols.Butforhumans,meaningiseverything.Whenwecommunicate,wecommunicatemeaning.Whatmattersisnotjusttheoutsideofastringofsymbols,buttheinsidetoo,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbutwhattheymean.Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads.Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations.Itisthisthatdistinguisheshumansfrommachines.Andthat’swhy,howeverastonishingProjectDebatermayseem,thetraditionthatbeganwithSocratesandConfuciuswillnotendwithartificialintelligence.28．WhydoestheauthormentionNoaOvadiainthefirstparagraph?A．Toexplaintheuseofasoftwareprogram.B．ToshowtheclevernessofProjectDebater.C．TointroducethedesignerofProjectDebater.D．Toemphasizethefairnessofthecompetition.2.【2023年1月·浙江卷】DAccordingtotheSolarEnergyIndustryAssociation,thenumberofsolarpanelsinstalled(安装)hasgrownrapidlyinthepastdecade,andithastogrowevenfastertomeetclimategoals.Butallofthatgrowthwilltakeupalotofspace,andthoughmoreandmorepeopleaccepttheconceptofsolarenergy,fewlikelargesolarpanelstobeinstallednearthem.Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaplyaspossible,sotheyhaven’tgivenmuchthoughttowhattheyputunderthem.Often,they’llendupfillingtheareawithsmallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.Theresultisthatmanycommunities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthesoil.“Solarprojectsneedtobegoodneighbors,”saysJordanMacknick,theheadoftheInnovativeSitePreparationandImpactReductionsontheEnvironment(InSPIRE)project.“Theyneedtobeprotectorsofthelandandcontributetotheagriculturaleconomy.”InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“low-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.Oneoftheeasiestlow-impactsolarstrategiesisprovidinghabitatforpollinators(传粉昆虫).Habitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechangehavecauseddramaticdeclinesinpollinatorpopulationsoverthepastcoupleofdecades,whichhasdamagedtheU.S.agriculturaleconomy.Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopollinatorhabitatprotectionand