几种染色助剂在羊绒染色工艺中的应用

（二〇〇八年六月本科毕业论文题目：几种染色助剂在羊绒染色工艺中的应用研究学生姓名：张慧学院：轻工与纺织学院系别：纺织工程系专业：纺织工程班级：纺织工程04-1指导教师：李美真副教授学校代码：10128学号：041803038内蒙古工业大学本科毕业论文摘要近年来,山羊绒产品的需求越来越呈现出小批量、多样化、时装化的发展趋势。增艳剂、匀染剂，羊绒保护剂、促染剂目前在企业染色工艺过程中的应用较多，它们都属于性能优良的表面活性剂。通过对影响染色效果的助剂因素如匀染剂，增艳剂，羊绒保护剂，促染剂等的改变，得出改进染色效果的方法。实验中采用了活性染料，酸性染料以及酸性媒介染料来染色。不同的染色助剂应用于不同的染料。本课题共进行了五次实验分别是关于每一种助剂的单因素实验，对以上助剂的使用及用量进行研究，并且对染色的结果进行了分析，并得出每一种助剂相对于不同的染料而言的最佳用量，以达到最好的染色效果。在染色过程合理地使用助剂可以降低对羊绒纤维的损伤，保护羊绒滑糯的手感，,提高可纺性,降低消耗,提高制成率,节约成本。关键词：山羊绒；匀染剂；增艳剂；羊绒保护剂；促染剂内蒙古工业大学本科毕业论文AbstractInrecentyears,cashmereproductsshowingagrowingdemandforsmallquantities,diversification,fashionandtrendofdevelopment.ByYanagent,leveler,cashmereagent,andpromotingagentinenterprisesintheprocessofdyeingprocessapplicationsmore,theyallbelongtotheexcellentperformanceofsurfactant.Resultswereaffectedbyfactorssuchastheauxiliaryleveler,byYanagents,theprotectionofcashmere,suchaspromotingagentofchange,thattheeffectofimprovingthestainingmethod.Experimentaluseofthereactive,aciddyesanddyestostainacidicmedia.Differentdyeingauxiliaryappliedtodifferentdyes.Thistopichasconductedfiveexperimentswereoneverysinglefactoroftheauxiliary,theuseoftheseadditivesandtheamountofresearch,andthestainingoftheresultsoftheanalysis,andthateachoftheadditivesForadifferentdyethebestintermsofconsumption,soastoachievethebestresultswere.Inthedyeingprocessofrationaluseofadditivestoreducethedamageofcashmerefiber,cashmeresliptoprotectthewaxyfeel,andimprovespinningandreduceconsumption,madetherateincrease,thecostsavings.Keyword:cashmere;leveler;byYan;cashmereprotection;promotingagent.内蒙古工业大学本科毕业论文目录引言.................................................................1第一章山羊绒的结构特点...............................................21.1概述.............................................................21.2山羊绒的结构.....................................................21.2.1山羊绒的组织结构.............................................21.2.2酸、碱物质对山羊绒组织结构的影响............................31.2.3不同温度处理对山羊绒组织结构的影响...........................41.3山羊绒纤维的性能.................................................41.3.1山羊绒纤维的形态............................................41.3.2山羊绒纤维的细度............................................41.3.3山羊绒纤维的长度............................................51.4山羊绒的染色.....................................................51.4.1山羊绒的染色机理............................................51.4.2影响羊绒纤维染色性能的主要因素..............................6第二章羊绒染色常用的染料.............................................72.1活性染料.........................................................72.1.1活性染料的类型及其染色性能..................................72.1.2活性染料与纤维的反应........................................82.1.3活性染料的染色过程..........................................92.1.4活性染料染蛋白质纤维的染色方法.............................102.2酸性染料.......................................................102.2.1酸性染料的染色原理.........................................112.2.2酸性染料对羊绒纤维的染色...................................132.3酸性媒介染料...................................................132.3.1酸性媒介染料的染色机理....................................132.3.2酸性媒介染料的染色方法....................................14第三章常用染色助剂及其性能分析......................................16内蒙古工业大学本科毕业论文3.1匀染剂及其性能分析..............................................163.1.1AlbegalB..................................................163.1.2其他匀染剂.................................................173.2增艳剂及其性能分析..............................................193.2.1还原剂型增艳剂.............................................193.2.2表面活性剂型增艳剂.........................................193.2.3.全功能型增艳剂.............................................193.3羊绒保护剂及其性能分析..........................................193.3.1羊绒保护剂的种类...........................................203.3.1.3抗定形类保护剂.............................................203.4促染剂及其性能分析.............................................213.4.1元明粉.....................................................213.4.2醋酸.......................................................21第四章实验部分......................................................234.1实验一关于匀染剂的单因素实验..................................234.1.1实验目的...................................................234.1.2实验原理...................................................234.1.3主要实验材料、化学药品和仪器...............................234.1.4实验处方和工艺条件.........................................234.1.5实验步骤.....................................................244.1.6实验结果.....................................................244.2实验二关于增艳剂的单因素实验.................................254.2.1实验目的...................................................254.2.2实验原理...................................................254.2.3主要实验材料、化学药品和仪器...............................254.2.4实验处方和工艺条件.........................................254.2.5升温曲线图.................................................264.2.6实验步骤...................................................264.2.7实验结果...................................................264.3实验三关于羊绒保护剂的单因素实验..............................27内蒙古工业大学本科毕业论文4.3.1实验目的...................................................