铸钢上冠铸件工艺设计与数值模拟仿真

SHANDONGＵＮＩＶＥＲＳＩＴＹＯＦＴＥＣＨＮＯＬＯＧＹ毕业设计说明书铸钢上冠铸件工艺设计与数值模拟仿真学院：机械工程学院专业：材料成型及控制工程学生姓名：赵聪超学号：0812106447指导教师：盛文斌2012年6月中文摘要I——摘要铸造低碳马氏体不锈钢是20世纪60年代发展起来的钢种。该钢具有良好的淬透性、优良的室温和低温力学性能、腐蚀疲劳强度和动静态断裂韧性,良好的铸、锻、焊和机加工等工艺性能及优良的服役性能(如抗空蚀、抗磨损、低温性能。现已广泛应用于水电、火电、核电等电力工业领域。本文主要是对材质为ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo(马氏体铸造不锈钢)的上冠铸件进行工艺工装设计，应用UG软件画出三维造型，最后应用AnyCasting软件进行工艺模拟，针对模拟结果进行分析，修改工艺，得出最合理的工艺设计方案。上冠铸件，要求具有高强度，良好的抗磨耐蚀性，不允许有砂眼、缩松。造型采用呋喃树脂砂，熔炼采用碱性电弧炉返回法，为保证铸件质量，浇注系统为顶注式，直浇道采用圆柱状，并在浇口杯处安放过滤网，在有热结处安放冷铁。这样可以大大提高铸件出品率，提高了铸件的质量。关键词：铸造，铸造合金，变质处理，浇注系统设计，工艺工装设计AbstractII——AbstractCastinglow-carbonmartensiticstainlesssteeldevelopedinthe1960s.Thesteelhasgoodhardenability,goodroomtemperatureandlowtemperaturemechanicalproperties,corrosionfatiguestrengthandstaticanddynamicfracturetoughness,goodcasting,forging,weldingandmachiningprocessperformanceandexcellentserviceperformance(suchasanti-cavitationabrasionresistance,lowtemperatureperformance).Ithasbeenwidelyusedinthefieldofhydropower,thermalpower,nuclearpowerindustry.Inthispaper,wedesignedthetechnologyandequipmentoftheShangguancastingsthatthematerialforZG06Cr13Ni4Mo(martensiticcaststainlesssteel).IusedUGsoftwaretodrawthree-dimensionalshape,thenusedAnyCastingsoftwaretoprocesssimulation,analysisedthesimulationresults,modifyedtheprocess,arrivedatthemostreasonableprocessdesignfinally.Shangguancastingsrequiredthatthehighstrength,goodwearandcorrosionresistance,andnotallowedtohavetrachoma,shrinkage.WeusedthefuranresinsandtoModeling,thealkalineelectricarcfurnacereturnmethodtoMelting.Toensurethequalityofcastings,gatingsystemusingthetopnote,sprueusingacylindrical,andplacingthefilteratthegateCup,thecoldironinthehotjunction.Inthemethod,wecanimprovecastingyield,andthequalityofthecastingsgreatly.Keywords:casting,castingalloy,Modification,gatingsystemdesign,technologyandequipmentdesign目录III——目录摘要.................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT....................................................................................................................II目录..............................................................................................................................III第一章引言....................................................................................................................11.1低碳合金不锈钢铸造技术分析........................................................................11.1.1铬镍钼系合金性能..................................................................................11.2计算机在铸造生产中应用................................................................................21.2.1UG软件介绍............................................................................................21.2.2UG的主要应用领域分布........................................................................31.2.3UG在我国研究应用的发展趋势............................................................31.3Anycasting软件..................................................................................................4第二章上冠铸件的铸造工艺设计................................................................................62.1上冠铸件的结构工艺性分析............................................................................62.1.1上冠铸件的主要技术要求......................................................................62.1.2上冠铸件的结构分析..............................................................................62.2分型面位置的确定............................................................................................72.3砂芯的设计及安放............................................................................................82.4上冠铸件的工艺参数........................................................................................92.5浇注系统的设计..............................................................................................102.5.1浇注系统的确定.....................................................................................102.5.2直浇道的设计.........................................................................................112.6冷铁与冒口的设计..........................................................................................122.7出气孔的设置..................................................................................................14第三章铸造工艺装备设计..........................................................................................163.1模样材质的选择..............................................................................................163.2砂箱的设计......................................................................................................163.3模底板的设计..................................................................................................193.4模样在模底板上的装配..................................................................................21第四章铸钢的熔炼......................................................................................................224.1材料的配比.....................................................................................................224.2铸钢的精炼.................................................................