不同肥料结构对水稻群体干物质生产及养分吸收分配的影响

1,2,2,2,1(1.,100101;2,210008)::,,,(p0.01),(p0.05p0.01):;;;:S511.062:A:056423945(2004)0220199204,(),,NPK,,[15,1014],,,[69,15],,,11111999-2000,,,15.5,39.1,-11.3,104933.7,1038mm,,33.8gkg-1;N1.85gkg-1;P14.26mgkg-1;K93.8mgkg-11124:.(CF):NPK250kghm-2(N),60kghm-2(P2O5)80kghm-2(K2O);.+(CS)(NPK);.+(CM)(NPK);.(CK)2500kghm-21500kghm-2,NPK,,,NPK,,3,5:3:25,20,30m2,113:5(),(),;:H2SO4-H2O2,;;22.1,,,1:2003201205:973(G1999011802)(KZCX2-413):(19732),,,,35220044ChineseJournalofSoilScienceVol.35,No.2Apr.,2004©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.1,1Fig.1AccumulationofricedrymatterunderdifferentnutrienttreatmentsTSTilleringstage,BSBootingstage,HSHeadingstage,EFSEarlyfillingstage,MFSMiddlefillingstage,LFSLatterfillingstage.CMCSCombindedapplicationoffarmyardmanureorwheatstraw,CF,Chemicalfertilizers,CKControl.Thesameasbelow.,,(p0.05p0.01)(-),(CF)(CSCM),,,,(CM)(CS)(CF),(CF)21.3%(CM)15.8%(CS)(p0.05p0.01),(CF)(p0.05p0.01),+2.2NPKNPK(1),,,NPK,,,NPK+(CM)+(CS),NPK(CM)NP+(CS),+(CS)(CM),,1NPK(kghm-2)Table1TheamountofNPKindifferentnutrienttreatmentsTreatmentNBSFHSFSP2O5BSFHSFSK2OBSFHSFSCM91.4130.1145.518.531.337.890.2144.8146.9CS84.2116.2137.616.127.133.192.7152.5155.5CF96.3112.4130.522.728.731.7111.5131.1130.1CK57.378.198.314.518.422.477.8103.3104.3BSBootingstage,FHSFullheadingstage,FSFillingstage.Thesameasfollow2.3NPK2NPK,2,NPK(p0.05p0.01)(CF),(CF)NPK(p0.05p0.01)+(CM)NPK,+(CS)NPK,,,(p0.05p0.01),P,(CF),P,00235©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.PP65.8%,P;(CS)P,P;+(CM),P,-PP62.5%,P-,2NPK(%)Table2TheaccumulationpercentageofNPKatdifferentgrowthstagesNutrientTreatmentsNBeforeBS-FromBStoFHS-FromFHStoRSP2O5BeforeBS-FromBStoFHS-FromFHStoRSK2OBeforeBS-FromBStoFHS-FromFHStoRSCM63.7819.4516.7742.7839.6417.5875.3418.156.51CS60.8518.4520.7041.3837.6720.9571.2520.218.54CF70.1317.4412.4371.4719.479.0689.0412.47-1.51CK68.5519.2812.1946.2541.0412.7187.1512.230.622.4NPKNPK(2)2,,2NPKFig.2DistributionofNPKinriceplantatripeningstageNP,;,,NPK(CF)+(CM)+(CM)(CF)1111%8128%,(CF)1314%9178%(p0.05p0.01),,(CM)2.53,,,(CSCM)(CF)(p0.05)+(CS)+(CM)(CF)11.6%14.7%(p0.01),4.8%,(p0.05)3Table3ComparisionofyieldcomponentsandyieldofriceunderdifferentnutrienttreatmentsNutrienttreatmentsEffectivepanicle(104hm-2)No.fullgrain()panicle-1Fullgrain(%)1000grainsweight(g)Grainyield(kghm-2)CF119.7138.474.224.957243.2CS132.73141.783.13326.23338082.93CM138.73142.984.53327.14338307.833CK102.3113.475.723.266131.13,330.050.01(3),,1022:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.(p0.05),+(CS)+(CM)6.7%13.9%,+(CM)(CF),(p0.05)CSCMCF,(p0.01),-3,,,,,,:[1],,,.-[J].,1996,33(2):138-147.[2],,,.[J].,1996,16(5):548-554.[3],.[J].,1992,11(3):53-55.[4],,,.[J].,1989,8(3):39-43.[5],,.[J].,1994,(3):109-111,114.[6],,,.[J].,2000,(4):177-179.[7],,,.[J].,2001,(3).[8],,.NP[J].,1996,(2):3-17.[9],,.[J].,2000,(5).[10]IRRichards,IDTurner,PAWallace.Manureandfertilizerscontributionstosoilmineralnitrogenandtheyieldofforagemaize[J].NutrientcyclinginAgroecosystems,1999,55:175-185.[11]Mappaona,ShigekataYashida,MakotoKitou.Yieldresponseofcabbagetoseveraltropicalgreenmanurelegnmesincorporatedintosoil.SoilSci.plantnutr.,1994,40(3):415-424.[12]MuhammadSharifZia,MuhammadMunsif,MuhammadAslam,etal.IntegrateduseoforganicmanuresandinorganicfertilizersforthecultivationoflowlandriceinPakistan[J].Soilsci.plantnutr.,1992,38(2):331-338.[13]SharmaMP,BaliSV,GuptaDK.Soilfertilityandproductivityofrice(Oryzasativa)-wheat(Triticumaestivum)croppingsysteminanInceptisolasinfluencedbyintegratednutrientmanagement[J].IndianJournalofAgronomy,2001,71(2):82-86.[14]DobermannA,WittC,DaweD,etal.Site-specificnutrientmanagementforintensivericecroppingsystemsinAsia[J].FieldCropsResearch,2002,74(1):37-66.[15]ShaikMohammad,MohammadS.Long-termeffectsoffertilizersandintegratednutrientsupplysystemsinintensivecroppingonsoilfertility,nutrientuptakeandyieldofrice[J].TheJournalofAgriculturalScience,1999,133(4):365-370.EffectsofNutrientRegimesonDryMatterProductionandNutrientUptakeandDistributionbyRicePlantYANGChang-ming1,2,YANGLin-zhang2,YANTing-mei2,OUYANGZhu1(1.InstituteofGeographySciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing,100101;2.NanjingInstituteofSoilScience,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing,210008)Abstract:Afieldexperimentindicatedthatthemajorproportionofdrymatter(DMC)andnutrientwereaccumulatedandabsorbedbyriceplantatearly-middleofgrowthstagesbyexclusivelychemicalfertilizers(CF),whilethecombinedapplicationsofchemicalfertilizerswithorganicsources,especiallyfarmyardmanure(FYM)couldmarkedlyincreasetheproportionofdrymatterproductionandPandKuptakeinthemiddle-laterofgrowthstages,especiallyinthefillingstage.Inaddition,thecombinedapplicationsofchemicalfertilizerswiththeorganicsources,facilitatedtheallocationandtransferofnutrientelements,especiallyPtoriceearsandgrains,whichresultedinsignificantincreaseintheproportionoffullgrain,1000grainsweightandgrainyield.Keywords:Rice;Nutrientregimes;Drymatterproduction;Nutrientuptakeanddistribution20235©1995-2004Tsingh