认知神经科学对心理学的研究贡献——主要来自我国心理学界的重要研究工作述评

第25卷第1期Vol.25,No.1华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)JournalofEastChinaNormalUniversity(EducationalSciences)2007年1月Jan.2007主要来自我国心理学界的重要研究工作述评张卫东李其维(,200062):综观主要来自我国心理学界的认知神经科学研究工作及其重要成果,从认知行为的神经机制研究认知行为心理学理论的神经科学研究基于脑神经机理构建认知行为心理机制理论模型的研究这三个研究层面评述其对我国心理学发展的学术意义和研究贡献文章指出,认知神经科学研究强有力地推动了我国心理学的发展,但其尚难以满足心理现象因果解释的要求,不能替代心理科学研究本身心理学研究者掌握和运用认知神经科学研究方法和技术,旨在使其服务于心理学研究,从认知行为的脑神经机制的探索中获得启发而构建心理学理论,这是认知神经科学研究对心理学研究的真正学术意义之所在,目前我国心理学领域在这方面的研究相对不足应引起重视:认知神经科学;心理学;研究层面;研究贡献:B842:A:1000-5560(2007)01-0046-10(CognitiveNeuroscience)[1],,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,?:2006-03:(1964),,,;(1943),,,46?,,,:,,,;,,,;,,():,,,,[2][3-4]ERP,,[5],ERP,,[6],(),(MMN)ERP,[7]ERP,[8],()(),,,[9][10],,,[11-12][13](WISC-CRWMS-CR),MRI,47[14]ERP,(differenceduetomemory,DM)/,DM,,()[15]DM,()DM[16],ERP,ERP,,[17],,()fMRI,(BA40/39/22)(Broca)(Wernicke),(,)[18-19]N400ERP,,N400,ERP[20-21]ERP,N400,N400,(positiveslowwave,PSW)[22]ERP,100160ms;ERPP800;,PSWP800,;,,[23],ER-fMRI,(flankertask),[24][25]ERP[26]48,,(go),,[27],,fMRI[28],,,ERP,ERP,,-CNV,ERP(EML)[29],:,,,,,,,,D.Navon(,)[30],,,(Navon)(),,,,,,;,ERP,,,[31];/,,[32],,[33],,,,BruceYoung,49,ERP,Bruce-Young[34],,[35],,ERP,,,,,,DM(N260),,[36]ERP,CNV(),CNV(,EML),CNV[37],,ERP(MMN),:,(MMN)ERP,,,(superamodal),,[38-39],(visualneglect)(),[40](PRS),(),,(associativebinding)[41],/(),,Tulving(hemisphericencoding/retrievalasymmetry,HERA),ERPDM/[42],DM50/,,,,HERA(ER-fMRI)(FOK)(FOnK)FOKFOnK,,FOK,();FOnK,[43]FOK,FOK[44]FOnK(FOnKFOnK),FOnK,FOK[45],,,,,[18-19],,,,[23](category-specificeffect),ERP,[46]ERP[47],/ERP,ERP(P190),N400,[48]:,,,(),,,()[49-50],51,,(mosaic)[51],(PDP),,,,[52],,,,,,[53]fMRI[54],fMRI,[55],[56],,fMRI,[57],,[58],,,,,,,ERP,,(),,,,,[59](pp715-724):,52,,,,,,,PETfMRIERPERP,,,fMRI,(blockdesign),ERP,fMRIERP/MEG,,ERP,ERP,,fMRIERP,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,53:[1]Gazzaniga,M.S.,Ivry,R.B.,Mangun,G.R.Cognitiveneuroscience-Thebiologyofthemind(2nded)[M].NewYork:W.W.Norton&Company,Inc,2002.[2],,.[J].,1999,15(4),689-693.[3],,.ERP[J].,2001,17(3),487-494.[4],,.:[J].,2001,17(4),652-660.[5],,.[J].,2004,49(6),544-548.[6],,.[J].,1998,14(3),501-507.[7],,.:[J].,1999,15(2),308-314.[8],,.[J].,2002,47(14),1047-1078.[9],,.[J].,2002,34(1),36-42.[10],,.:[J].,2003,35(5),610-616.[11],,.[J].,1998,30(4),423-430.[12],,.[J].,2000,32(3),306-310.[13],,.[J].,1999,7(4),69-73.[14],,.[J].,2000,32(1),86-90.[15],,.ERP[J].,2003,35(2),150-156.[16],,.[J].,2005,37(1),26-33.[17],,.ERP[J].,2004,36(6),697-703.[18],,.[J].,2003,19(5),287-291.[19],,.[J].,2003,48(21),2257-2260.[20],,.(ERPs)[J].,1989,21(3),321-327.[21],,.[J].,1988,20(4),344-350.[22],.ERP[J].,1998,42-43.[23],.N400[J].,1998,6(3),1-5.[24],,.MRI[J].,2004,20(2),223-226.[25],,.[J].,2003,35(4),427-432.[26],,.[J].,2003,12(1),28-29.[27],,.[J].,2003,25(3),212-215.[28].[J].,2004,36(2),219-234.[29]Wei,J.H.,Pan,R.T.,Jin,H.Y.Relativitybetweenextricationwaveofmentalload(EML)andemotion[J].ScientiaSinica(SeriesB),1993,6(10),1233-1240.[30]Navon,D.Forestbeforetrees:Theprecedenceofglobalfeaturesinvisualperception[J].CognitivePsychology,1977,9(2),353-383.[31],,.[J].,2003,26(2),312-314.54[32],.[J].,2004,36(5),507-514.[33].[J].,2000,32(3),337-347.[34],,.[J].,2002,10(3),241-247.[35],,.ERP[J].,2004,17(6),438-443.[36],,.[J].,2003,35(1),50-55.[37]Wei,J.H.,Er,Z.G..Two-levelCNVandextricationwaveinhumanbrain[J].ScientiaSinica(SeriesB),1987,30(1),75-82.[38],.ERP[J].,1997,29(2),195-201.[39],.[J].(C),1998,28(2),186-192.[40],,.[J].,2000,23(2),200-202.[41],,.[J].,2003,35(6),761-766.[42],,.ERP[J].,2004,49(19),1962-1968.[43]Luo,J.,Kazuhisa,Niki,Ying,X.P,etal.Knowingthatyouknowandknowingthatyoudontknow:AfMRIstudyonfeeling-of-knowing(FOK)[J].ActaPsychologicaSinica,2004,36(4),426-433.[44],,.FOKfMRI[J].,2003,13(3),263-268.[45],,.(FOnK)[J].,2002,47(24),1876-1879.[46],,.ERP[J].,2003,35(6),753-760.[47],,.ERP[J].,2004,36(6),690-696.[48],,.[J].,2003,35(3),309-316.[49],,.:[J].,2003,11(1),35-43.[50],,.[J].,2002,25(4),488-489.[51],,.[J].,2001,33(2),182-188.[52],.[J].,2000,32(4),422-427.[53],.[J].,1995,27(1),78-83.[54],,.[J].,2002,34(4),333-337.[55],,.[J].,2004,10(1),60-64.[56],.[J].,1987,19(4),375-380.[57],,.MR[J].,1999,33(5),311-315.[58],,.[J].,2002,36(3),198-201.[59]Wei,J.H.,Luo,Y.J.TheERPstudyofsemanticassociationofChinesecharacterswithhalf-visualfieldpresentation.In:HashimotoI,KakigiRed.RecentAdvancesinHumanNeurophysiology[M].Amsterdam:ElsevierScienceB.V.,1998.55