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当前位置:首页 > 幼儿/小学教育 > 小学教育 > 英语中五种基本句型-练习题及答案-人教版
1高三英语导学案课题;基本句型第3课时总第3课时编制人:审批人:编制日期:2014-3-13使用日期:学习目标:让学生掌握高中英语基本句型预习效果检测:请选出与下面句子结构一致的选项。a.主-----系-----表b.主----动c.主-----动----宾d.主----动----间宾----直宾e.主----动-----宾-----补1.Thepaindrovememad.()2.Herexplanationsoundscrazy.()3.Shethrewhimakiss.()4.Timeflies.()5.Thecatcaughtthelittlemouse.()6.Manypeopleconsidertheastronautagreathero.()7.Hehasgrownveryold.()8.Mikeishealthy.()9.Architectsdesignbuildings.()10.Sheofferedmesomecake.()答案:1.e2.a3.d4.b5.c6.e7.a8.a9.c10.D疑难点拨及拓展英语句子有长在短,有简有繁,从现象看,似乎千变万化,难以捉摸,但从实质看,可以发现其内在联系,找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下:基本句型一:S+V(主+谓)基本句型二:S+V+P(主+系+表)基本句型三:S+V+O(主+谓+宾)基本句型四:S+V+IO+O(主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五:S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)基基本本句句型型一一S+V(主+谓)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。SV(不及物动词)1.Time2.Themoon3.Theman4.Weall5.Everybody6.I7.They8.He9.He10.Theyflies.rose.cooked.eat,anddrink.laughed?woke.talkedforhalfanhour.walkedyesterdayisplayinghavegone基基本本句句型型二二SS++VV++PP((主主++系系++表表))2此此句句型型的的句句子子有有一一个个共共同同的的特特点点::句句子子谓谓语语动动词词都都不不能能表表达达一一个个完完整整的的意意思思,,必必须须加加上上一一个个表表明明主主语语身身份份或或状状态态的的表表语语构构成成复复合合谓谓语语,,才才能能表表达达完完整整的的意意思思。。这这类类动动词词叫叫做做连连系系动动词词。。系系动动词词分分两两类类::bbee,,llooookk,,ffeeeell,,ssmmeellll,,ttaassttee,,ssoouunndd等等属属一一类类,,表表示示情情况况;;ggeett,,ggrrooww,,bbeeccoommee,,ttuurrnn,,ggoo等等属属另另一一类类,,表表示示变变化化。。bbee本本身身没没有有什什么么意意义义,,只只起起连连系系主主语语和和表表的的作作用用。。其其它它系系动动词词仍仍保保持持其其部部分分词词义义另另::ssttaayy,,pprroovvee,,rreemmaaiinn,,ssttaannddSV(是系动词)P(表语)1.This2.Thedinner3.He4.Everything5.He6.Thebook7.Theweather8.Hisfaceissmells(闻)felllooksisisbecameturnedanEnglishdictionary.good.happy.different.tallandstrong.interesting.warmer.red.基基本本句句型型四四SS++VV++IIOO++OO((主主++谓谓++间间宾宾++直直宾宾))此此句句型型的的句句子子有有一一个个共共同同特特点点::谓谓语语动动词词必必须须跟跟有有两两个个宾宾语语才才能能表表达达完完整整的的意意思思。。这这两两个个宾宾语语一一个个是是动动作作的的直直接接承承受受者者,,另另一一个个是是动动作作的的间间接接承承受受者者。。通通常常这这一一间间接接承承受受者者用用一一个个介介词词来来连连接接,,当当动动作作的的间间接接承承受受者者在在动动作作的的直直接接承承受受者者之之前前时时,,这这一一介介词词往往往往被被省省略略。。SV(及物)o(多指人)O(多指物)1.She2.She3.He8.He5.I6.I7.I4.Hepassedcookedbroughtboughtshowedgavetoldshowedhimherhusbandyouherhimhimmeanewdress.adeliciousmeal.adictionary.nothing.mypictures.ahand.howtorunthemachine.thatthebuswaslate.基基本本句句型型五五SS++VV++OO++CC((主主++谓谓++宾宾++宾宾补补))此此句句型型的的句句子子的的共共同同特特点点是是::动动词词虽虽然然是是及及物物动动词词,,但但是是只只跟跟一一个个宾宾语语还还不不能能表表达达完完整整的的意意思思,,必必须须加加上上一一个个补补充充成成分分来来补补足足宾宾语语,,才才能能使使意意思思完完整整。。SV(及物)O(宾语)C(宾补)1.We2.They3.They4.They5.What6.We7.Hekeeppaintedcallfoundmakessawaskedthetablethedoorsupperthehousehimhimmeclean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.tocomebacksoon.38.Isawthemgettingonthebus.练习:11..TThheeyywwoorrkkhhaarrdd..2.Theflowerisdead.3.Plantsneedwater.4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.6.Manyanimalsliveintrees.答答案案::11,,主主谓谓22主主系系表表33主主谓谓宾宾44主主谓谓直直宾宾间间宾宾55主主谓谓宾宾宾宾补补66主主谓谓补充:除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语)。下面以基本句型五(v+o+o.c)为例:Wefoundthehallfull.Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteachers.我们发现礼堂坐满了。我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteachers,listeningtoanimportantreport.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听一个重要报告。WefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisteningtoanimportantreportmadebyacomradefromthePeople'sDailyoncurrentaffairsinEastEurope.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样,因此在学习动词时,应掌握动词的类型。以get为例:He'sgettingangry.(SVP)Hegotthroughthewindow.(SVO)You'llgetasurprise.(SVO)Hegothisshoesandsockswet.(SVOC)Hegothimselfintotrouble.(SVOC)Hegotherasplendidpresent.(SV0O)在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:Ifoundthebookeasily.我很容易地找到了这本书。SVOM)Ifoundthebookeasy.我觉得这本书很容易。(SVOC)Ihavetodosomething.我得做点事。Ihavesomethingtodo.我有点事做。课后练习:5.Wasitnotuntil1920___regularradiobroadcastsbegan?A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since6.___thehouseMrZhanghasbeenbrokeninto?A.WhenwasitthatB.Whenhas4答案解析:C分析句子的成分(确实有点别扭),其中Mr.Zhanghas是一个定语从句,先行词是thehouse(作从句的宾语,故而可以省略连接词that/which),做的时候可以把它盖住不看,就变成了______thehousebeenbrokeninto?选项A是一个强调句式结构Itis/was...that,若用则后边应改为thehousehasbeenbrokeninto。B是特殊疑问句,还原成陈述语序为Thehousehasbeenbrokeninto+时间状语,在完成时不应有点动词加时状这种结构。选D更没有理由,因为用过去完成时必须是和过去某时间作比较才有可能出现。故选C.HasD.Had7.Did____shewaschosenmakeherveryhappy?A.whatB.thatC.whichD.it8.WasitattheairbattleonJune8,1994,_____wasledbycaptainJohnson,________Peterlosthislife?A.when;thatB.that;whoC.which;thatD.which;when9.---Wouldyoutellme___youwantyourtea,withsugarormilk?---Sugar,please.A.whetherB.whenC.whatD.how10.Atlastthesoldiersreached____thelocalscalledtheGoldenTriangle.A.whatB.whichC.asD.one11.“We’llmakepublicschools____canbe.”saidthepresidentinthespeech.A.whattheyB.whatitC.thattheyD.allit12.Theartcenteris___usedtobeafactory,____millionsoftractorsweremade.A.what,whereB.where,whereC.what,whichD.where,which13.Thethoughtofgoinghometohisfamilywasall__kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.A.thatB.whatC.thoseD.which14.Iamashamed,sir,thatIwastedthemanyhours_____Ishouldhavestudiedinclass.A.whileB.asC.onceD.when15.Teachersshouldcreateanenvironment_____childrenaretaughthowtosolveproblemsoflearningbythemselves.5A.whyB.whereC.whichD.whose选择答案:5c6c7b8c9d10a11a12a13a14d15b67891011
本文标题:英语中五种基本句型-练习题及答案-人教版
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