风电变流器的技术现状与发展

201305041964412001TechnologyStatusandDevelopmentofWindPowerConvertersFENGJiang-hua(CSRZhuzhouInstituteCo.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou,Hunan412001,China)Abstract:Windpowerconverteristhecriticalequipmentforwindpowergenerationsystem,anditsperformanceaffectsthereliabilityandstabilityofthepowerqualityandwindpowergenerationsystemdirectly.Startingfromthetypeofwindpowerconverter,thisarticleintroducesthecurrentwindpowerconvertertopology,applicationrequirements,typicaltechnologystatusandanalyzesthefuturedevelopmenttrendoftechnology,whichcanprovidereferenceforthetechnologydevelopmentofwindpowerconverteranditsindustrialplanning.Keywords:windpowergeneration;windpowerconverter;windturbine520121000kWh2%20155GW2015202030GW209020121.5MW2MW2.5MW3MW5MW6MW[1]40~50DOI:10.13889/j.issn.2095-3631.2013.03.005[2]11/31/22620~690V3000~3300V1700V1200VIGBTIEGTIGBTIGCT[34]PWMPWM3PWM2.5MWPWM2PWMGridsideconverter,GSCRotorsideconverter,RSC1212ConverteamEmersion2MW580A800A500~900kVA690V1~2MW1.5MW2MW2.5MW3MW5MW6MW1.5MW2MW2.5MW690V690V42[5]2PWM4(a)PWM4(b)PWMIGBT4(a)450kVA~1MVA690V2MW5ABB2[6]26ABBIGCT3.5kV[7]20111~81931050kW5450kW12[8]ABBConverteamTheSwitch20IP54GB/T19963-2011720%0.625s2MW1120%~130%100ms115%~120%500ms110%~115%2s290%~20%GB/T19963-201130~20%625ms470%~85%8%~15%4%~10%3%~5%3201118NB/T31014-2011NB/T310151ABB[911]ABBLCLACS800-67ACS800-77LCACS800-87LCACS800-77LC840~3180kWPCS60003.3kV4.16kVIGCT3~9MVA8ABB5MW2011ABB21%32.3%2Converteam[12]Converteam3ProWind690V5MWMV3000380~690VIGBT6MWMV70003kV6kVIEGTIEGT3~12MVA9Converteam201114.7%32006SPM1.5MW1.65MW2MW2.0MW2.5MW1.5MW1.65MW20114%SPM10IGBTPWMGSC1700V/450A1700V/600AIGBT3IGBT1(IOCANLEM)2DSP()(331)CONCEPTIGBTDSPDSPFPGADSP(OMAPL138)ARM9C67XXDSP10DSP1DSP2FPGADSPRAMPWMAD40s800ms200ms40SPM500~950kVASPM4[13]690V3000V3300V1700VIGBT3MW1700VIGBT5MWIGBTIEGTIGCTPWM3MW2++PWM+PWM5MW+2000~3000Hz[1415]11PWM3450100122,20,15,12,15,18,20MW5%[1].[J].201232(8)101105.[2].[J].201135(24)2832.[3].[J].201135(24)4446.[1].2013[J].2013(4)711.[2].[D].2011.[3].[J].200630(4)105112.[4]MelcioR,MendesVMF,CataloJPS.Powerconvertertopologiesforwindenergyconversionsystems:Integratedmodeling,controlstrategyandperformancesimulation[J].RenewableEnergy,2010,35(10)21652174.[5].[D].2008.[6]ABBOy.-ACS800-77LC(8403180kW)[M].ABB2008.[7]FaulstichA,JrgenKSteinke,WittwerF.Mediumvoltageconverterforpermanentmagnetwindpowergeneratorsupto5MW[C]//Dresden:EPE2005.[8].2011[R].2011.[9]ABBOy.ACS800-67windturbineconverterssystemdescriptionandstart-upguide[M/OL].[20111201].[10]ABBOy.ACS800-87LC[M].ABB2009.[11]Mediumvoltageforwindpower-PCS6000[M/OL].[20100611].[12]Converteam.[M/OL].[20111214][13]HoltsmarkNBahiratHJMolinasM,etal.AnAll-DCOffshoreWindFarmwithSeries-ConnectedTurbines:AnAlternativetotheClassicalParallelACModel?[J].IEEETransactionsonIndustrialElectronics,201260(6)24202428.[14].[J].20126(6)100104.[15].2013[J].2013(5)1214.