爆破英文术语

1◆爆破用品(explosiveproduct)Detonatingcord导爆索cottonfuse棉芯导火索delayelectricdetonator延时电雷管detonatingfuse导火索，导爆索detonator雷管explosive炸药ammoniumnitrateexplosive销铵炸药waterproofa-nitrateexplosive防水销铵炸药openaira-nitrateexplosive露天销铵炸药emulsionexplosive乳胶炸药ammoniumnitratefueloilexplosive销铵燃油炸药plasticfuse塑料导火索shortelectricdetonator瞬发电雷管◆钻孔爆破(DrillingandBlasting)abandonedhole废孔averageholedepth平均孔深averagequantityusedinunitvolumeblasted平均单耗blastingresult爆破结果blockness块度controlledperimeterblasting周边控制爆破dataofexplosivefilled装药参数dataofholesdrilled钻孔参数delayedblasting延时参数exploratoryhole探孔explosivequantity药量explosivequantityinasound单响药量handlingmisfire处理哑炮lightcharge少量装药looseningblasting松动爆破pattern布孔方式distancebetweenholes孔距distancebetweenrows排距postshearingblasting微差爆破presplitingblasting预裂爆破quantityofholes孔数smoothblasting光面爆破◆开挖与支护（ExcavationandSupport）明挖（OpenExcavation）benchexcavation台阶开挖concreteexcavation砼开挖2faultexcavation断层开挖foundationexcavation基础开挖localexcavation局部开挖mass(bulk)excavation大面积开挖protectivelayerexcavation保护层开挖rockexcavation岩石开挖slopeexcavation边坡开挖softgroundexcavation软基开挖soilexcavation土方开挖structuralexcavation结构开挖toothexcavation齿槽开挖unclassifiedmaterialexcavation不分类料开挖coefficientofnonuniformity开挖不均匀系数cutofftrench截水槽dewatering(drainage)排水excavationpit开挖基坑intensityofexcavation开挖强度overexcavate(overbreak)超挖pumpsump水泵坑underexcavate(underbreak)欠挖underbreaktreatment欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖(TunnelandUndergroundExcavation)aroundofexcavation一个开挖循环adit支洞advance进尺advanceddepth进尺深度breakinghole崩落孔cushionhole缓冲孔drift掏槽bottomdrift底部掏槽centerdrift中心掏槽sidedrift边部掏槽topdrift顶部掏槽drilling钻孔driving(progress)rate进尺率easer掏槽孔fullfaceexcavation全断面开挖headingandbenchexcavation导洞与台阶开挖loading(charging)装药perimeterhole周边孔pilottunnel导洞shootingtheexplosive(blasting)放炮topheadingexcavation上导洞开挖3附录1.小浪底工程结构物名称统计拦河大坝ballastweight石渣压戗berm马道blendedimperviousblanket混合不透水铺盖concretecutoffwall砼防渗墙corecutofftrench芯墙截水槽crestaccess坝顶公路cutoffdike截渗堤damabutment坝肩damaxis坝轴线dambody(embankment)坝体damcrest坝顶damfoundation坝基damshell坝壳damsite坝址drainagecurtain排水帷幕filter反滤层freeboardsection超高段groutcurtain灌浆帷幕heelofdam坝踵maindam主坝parapetwall防浪墙pitchedwork块石护坡plasticzone塑性区rockcontactpart基岩连接部分rockfillriprap堆石护坡saddledam副坝soilslopingcore土质斜芯墙toeofdam坝趾transitionzone过渡区upstreamblanket上游铺盖泄洪排沙系统进水口(IntakeArea)accessbridge交通桥bridgeabutment桥台，桥肩bridgepier桥墩bridgespan桥跨cabletrench电缆沟coredbeam空心梁diaphragm隔板insidebeam内梁neoprenebearing橡胶支座4outsidebeam外梁pavement铺装层roadsurface路面T-beamT型梁Walkway人行道airvent通气孔approachchannel引水渠centralpier中墩chamber室auxiliarytrashrackmaintenancechamber副拦污栅检修室boosterpumpchamber加压泵房carouselrailchamber环形轨道室drainagesumpchamber集水井室gatedoggingchamber闸门锁定室gatemaintenancechamber闸门检修室hoistchamber启闭机室maintrashrackmaintenancechamber主拦污栅检修室ChannelTrainingWall引水导墙concreteliner砼衬砌controlroom控制室corbel牛腿cover盖板directplumblinehole正垂孔gallery廊道accessgallery交通廊道drainagegallery排水廊道observationgallery观测廊道pressurebalancegallery冲水平压廊道gateslot门槽auxiliarytrashrackslot副拦污栅槽emergencygateslot事故门槽maintrashrackslot主拦污栅槽maintenancegateslot检修门槽trackrakeslot清污机槽handrail扶手ntaketower进水塔diversiontower导流塔freeflowtower明流塔irrigationtower灌溉塔orificetower发电塔invertedplumblinepipe倒垂塔lamppost灯柱longitudestrut纵向联系梁parapetwall栏杆，女儿墙shaft竖井auxiliarytrashrackshaft副拦污栅井5elevatorshaft电梯井emergencygateshaft事故门井liftingcaseshaft吊箱井maintrashrackshaft主拦污栅井serviceshaft交通井staircaseshaft楼梯井temporaryshaft临时竖井steelplateliner钢板衬砌transversestrut横向联系梁waterpassage流道洞群及溢流道(TunnelsandSpillway)tunnels洞群accesstunnel交通洞anchorageboxout锚具洞closuregate封堵门concreteplug砼封堵connectorsection龙抬头连接段crown(vault)顶拱drainagetunnel排水洞freeflowtunnel明流洞hoistshaft吊物井invert底拱irrigationtunnel灌溉洞mid-gatechamber中闸室orificering孔板环orificetunnel孔板洞sedimenttunnel排沙洞transitionsection渐变段upperbendsection上弯段spillway溢洪道aerator掺气坎emergencyspillway非常溢洪道flipbucket挑流鼻坎freeflowchute明流泄槽headwork渠首retainingwall挡墙servicespillway正常溢洪道出口区(OutletArea)approachwall引水渠baseslab底板concreteapron砼护坦dischargechannel泄水渠6dividerwall隔墙plungepool消力塘plungepoolwier消力塘尾堰stillingbasin静水池引水发电系统powertunnel发电洞upperhorizontalsection上平段uppercurvedsection上弯段inclinedsection斜井段lowercurvedsection下弯段lowerhorizontalsection下平段penstock压力钢管mainpowerhouse主厂房concreteledge岩臂梁generatorfloor发电机层turbinefloor水轮机层operatinggallery操作廊道unwateringgallery排水廊道auxiliarypowerhouse副厂房erectionbay安装间drainagesystem排水系统drainagetunnel排水洞high-voltagecabletunnel高压电缆洞bustunnel母线洞transformerchamber主变室drafttubegatechamber尾闸室drafttubetunnel尾水管洞tailracetunnel尾水洞tailraceoutlet尾水出口tailracechannel尾水渠tailracedividerwall尾水隔墙workingbridge隔墩sedimentgate防淤闸tailraceconicapron尾水护坦tailracetrainingwall尾水导墙ventshaft通风竖井临时建筑及附属设施临时建筑(TemporaryWorks)cofferdam围堰deep-watercofferdam深水围堰groutingtunnel灌浆洞7startercofferdam枯水围堰附属设施(auxiliaryFacilities)aggregateprocessingplant骨料加工厂batchingplant拌和楼carpentryyard木工房constructioncamps施工营地crushingandscreeningplant破碎筛分厂laboratory实验室mainofficebuilding主办公楼main(general)store主仓库mechanicalworkshop机修车间precastyard预制厂railwaytransferplatform铁路转运站rebaryard钢筋加工厂rockquarry采石场s