音标教学资料

Youarethebest!1一、字母字母顺序表AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz字母的读音字母发音字母发音字母发音字母发音Aa/ei/Hh/eit∫/Oo/əu/Vv/vi:/Bb/bi:/Ii/ai/Pp/pi:/Ww/d۸blju:/Cc/si:/Jj/dзei/Qq/kju:/Xx/eks/Dd/di:/Kk/kei/Rr/a:/Yy/wai/Ee/i:/Ll/el/Ss/es:/Zz/zed/Ff/ef/Mm/em/Tt/ti:/Gg/dзi:/Nn/en/Uu/ju:/二、语音音素、音标的概念（1）音素是记录英语语音的最小单位，英语共48个音素，20个元音，28个辅音。（2）音标是记录音素的符号，现在我们用国际上通用的48个音标来记录英语语音。为了把音标与字母进行区分，常把音标放在[]或者//里。音标的分类记录英语音素的48个音标可分为元音和辅音两大类。Youarethebest!2元音：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流在通过口腔时，不受阻碍发出的语音叫做元音。国际音标中有20个元音，里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。单元音：[i:][i][e][æ][a:][۸][כ:][כ][ə:][ə][u:][u]双元音：[ai][ei][iə][əu][uə][au][εə][כi]辅音：辅音音标：分为清辅音和浊辅音，清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。清辅音：[p][t][k][f][s][θ][∫][t∫][tr][ts][h]浊辅音：[b][d][g][v][z][δ][з][dz][dз][dr][m][n][ŋ][l][r][w][j]元音：前元音：[i:][i][e][æ]后元音：[ɑ:][כ:][כ][u:][u]中元音：[۸][ə:][ə]双元音：[ai][ei][iə][əu][uə][au][εə][כi]辅音：爆破音：[p][b][t][d][k][g]鼻音：[m][n][ŋ]Youarethebest!3摩擦音：[f][v][s][z][θ][ð][∫][з][r][h]破擦音：[t∫][dз][tr][dr][ts][dz]半元音：[w][j]舌边音：[l]音标书写规范前元音[i:][i:]发这个音的字母和字母组合eeaeee:mebesheheweeveningYouarethebest!4ee:sweetbeesweepsheepseesleepthreegreenea:meatleafseapeateacheatclean根据发音规则，圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词。1.seatrainbeancat2.giftfeetteacherdog3.pigstartreejeep4.sweetseafishtheeat[i:t]吃tea[ti:]茶peach[pi:tʃ]桃he[hi:]他she[ʃi:]她beef[bi:f]牛肉jeep[dʒi:p]吉普车key[ki:]钥匙meat[mi:t]肉cheap[tʃi:p]便宜的[i][i]发这个音的字母和字母组合ieyeyayi:pigfishinfifteensixshipthine:beginbehindjacketbasketbally:happyheavybusylorrycarrysunnylovelystudythirstytwentythirtywindyrainyey:monkeymoneyay:SundaySaturdayFriday根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词。1.sofasitkicklip2.inkgiftjamshipYouarethebest!53.handpicturebigsister4.hotlickpigjellyfish[fiʃ]鱼gym[dʒim]健身房kid[kid]小孩fifth[fifθ]第五sister['sistə]姐妹this[ðis]这个is[iz]是six[siks]六pig[pig]猪slipper['slipə]拖鞋[e][e]发这个音的字母和字母组合eeae:eggbelldesklegpettenpenea:breadheadbreakfast根据发音规则，找出每组中不发[e]的单词。1.catwelllegpen2.sweatmappetelephant3.eggtentalldesk4.breadheadbedtoydesk[desk]桌子pencil['pensəl]铅笔pen[pen]钢笔dress[dres]连衣裙red[red]红色的eleven[i'levən]十一bed[bed]床bread[bred]面包egg[eɡ]蛋yes[yes]是[æ]Youarethebest!6[æ]发这个音的字母和字母组合aa:dadcapcatbadapplebagflaghandrabbitantblackfathasstandratmap根据发音规则，找出每组中发[æ]的单词。1.ratbedfacesport2.hearcupfatpear3.ricebatfingertree4.seayoungknifeapplebag[[bæg]]包fan[fæn]风扇math[mæθ]数学jacket['dʒækit]夹克衫rabbit['ræbit]兔子apple['æpl]苹果can[kæn]可以cabbage['kæbidʒ]卷心菜中元音[۸][e]发这个音的字母和字母组合eeae:eggbelldesklegpettenpenea:breadheadbreakfast根据发音规则，找出每组中不发[e]的单词。1.catwelllegpen2.sweatmappetelephant3.eggtentalldesk4.breadheadbedtoyYouarethebest!7young[jʌŋ]年轻人funny['fʌni]滑稽可笑的Monday['mʌndi]星期一Sunday['sʌndi]lunch[lʌntʃ]午餐under['ʌndə]在…下面sometimes['sʌmtaimz]有时[ə:][ə:]发这个音的字母和字母组合erirurearorer:herservetermir:birdgirlskirtfirstdirtyskirtshirtur:nurseThursdayturtlepurplecurtainear:earlylearnor:wordworkworld根据发音规则，圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词。1.thirtybeerthirstywheat2.bankkinghernurse3.turtlebirdrabbitknee4.roomrunshirttermcurtain['kə:tən]窗帘her[hə:]她的skirt[skə:t]裙子shirt[ʃə:t]衬衫girl[gə:l]女孩nurse[nə:s]护士thirty['θə:ti]三十[ə]Youarethebest!8[ə]发这个音的字母和字母组合ureeraroraeure:pictureer:teacherbrotherdinnerfathersisterar:sugaror:doctora:pandaaboutabovecamerasofaChina根据发音规则，找出发[ə]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.mothersofaroadsmile2.sitfathersisterfood3.hairdeertigerChina4.sugarsoonearleadertoday[tə'dei]今天mirror['mirə]镜子river['rivə]河，江summer['sʌmə]夏季winter['wintə]冬季colour['kʌlə]颜色computer[kəm'pju:tə]电脑kangaroo[,kængə'ru:]袋鼠后元音[ɑ:]grass[grɑ:s]草smart[smɑ:t]聪明park[pɑ:k]公园grandpa['ɡrændpɑ:]爷爷classroom['klɑ:srum]教室farm[fɑ:m]农田farmer['fɑ:mə]农夫bathroom['bɑ:θrum]卫生间are[ɑ:]是[כ:]Youarethebest!9[ɔ:]发这个音的字母和字母组合aawaloroora:wateraw:drawstrawberryal:ballwallor:horsecornforkorshortoor:floordoor根据发音规则，找出发[ɔ:]的1个单词写在后面的横线上。1.tallbirdbreadpoor2.ideachairsporthare3.cakebearwalkcup4.drinkshortbagmilkfloor[flɔ:]地板tall[tɔ:l]高的short[ʃɔ:t]不足for[fɔ:]为了salty['sɔ:lti]咸的fall[fɔ:l]秋天walk[wɔ:k]走board[bɔ:d]木板wall[wɔ:l]墙[כ][ɔ]发这个音的字母和字母组合oao:foxcoffeedogshopdogdoctorlonga:watch根据发音规则，找出发[ɔ:]的2个单词写在后面的横线上。1.doctorteacherboxclothes2.coldzooclockdogYouarethebest!103.lovebosslotviolin4.watchbeachfoxgirlcloset['klɔzit]壁橱forest['fɔrist]森林because[bi'kɔz]因为mom[mɔm]妈妈what[hwɔt]什么chopsticks['tʃɔpstiks]筷子dog[[dɔɡ]狗doctor[dɔktə]医生sock[sɔk]袜子[u:][u:]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooouio:dowhowhoseoo:foodmoontooui:fruitjuiceu:rulerrude根据发音规则，找出不发[u:]的单词。1.juicemoonzoopanda2.toothbroomeyespoon3.headbootnoodlespool4.nooncoolbootwatchfruit[fru:t]水果noon[nu:n]中午kangaroo[,kængə'ru:]袋鼠school[sku:l]学校blue[blu:]蓝色的cool[ku:l]凉爽的shoe[ʃu:]鞋子room[ru:m]房间soup[su:p]汤[u]Youarethebest!11[u]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooouo:womanwolfoo:lookgoodbookfootwoodu:bullbullet根据发音规则，选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词。1.mouthbooklookpull2.pushtapesugarfoot3.woodkindwolfbull4.bulletwoodcooknamebook[buk]书look[luk]看wood[wud]树林classroom['klɑ:srum]教室notebook['nəutbuk]笔记本bathroom['bɑ:θrum]卫生间bedroom['bedru(:)m]卧室双元音(一)[ai][ai]发这个音的字母和字母组合iyieuyi:kitebikenicetigerwriteknifey:bycryflymyskytrywhyie:tiepieuy:buy根据发音规则，找出每组中发[ai]的2个单词.1.ricegoodjamright2.shipmineice-creammouseYouarethebest!123.cloudsittieeye4.writesmalltenniskitekind[kaind]和蔼的like[laik]喜欢why[hwai]为什么quiet['kwaiət]安静的Friday['faidi]星期五behind[bi'haind]在…后