基于51单片机的指纹密码锁设计

I基于51单片机指纹电子密码锁设计摘要随着人民生活水平的提高，如何实现家庭防盗这一问题也变得尤其突出，传统的机械锁由于其构造简单，安全性低，无法满足人们的需求。随着电子产品向智能化和微型化的不断发展，单片机已成为电子产品研制和开发中首选的控制器，所以具有防盗报警功能的电子密码锁控制系统逐渐代替传统的机械式密码控制系统，克服了机械式密码锁控制的密码量少，安全性能差的缺点。在传统的身份认证中，我们往往使用密码加密法，但是这种方法只是防君子不防小人。在高明的黑客眼里，由几个字符组成的密码脆弱得不堪一击。现在，科技的发展让我们有了新的选择——生物识别技术。将生物识别技术应用于笔记本、门锁等方面，可以对文件、财产起保护作用，并且可以进行身份识别。生物识别技术的发展主要起始于指纹研究，它亦是目前应用最为广泛的生物识别技术。本设计开发了一款基于单片机的指纹识别电子密码锁系统。该系统以STC89C52单片机作为模块核心，通过串口通信控制ZFM-60指纹模块实现录取指纹并存储指纹数据，并通过HS12864-15C液晶显示比对流程及比对结果，辅以直流继电器与发光二极管模拟开锁的动作。本系统具有体积小、性价比高、传输速度快、适合家庭及单位使用。关键词：单片机，密码锁，指纹识别II51singlefingerprint-basedelectroniccodelockdesignABSTRACTWiththeimprovementofpeople'slivingstandards,howtoachievefamilysecurityissuehasbecomeparticularlyprominent,thetraditionalmechanicallocksbecauseofitssimplestructure,lowsecurity,cannotmeetpeople'sneeds.AselectronicproductstointelligentminiaturizedandthecontinuousdevelopmentofSCMhasbecometheelectronicproductresearchanddevelopmentpreferredcontroller,theelectroniclockcontrolsystemwithanti-theftalarmfunctiongraduallyreplacethetraditionalmechanicalcontrolsystemswithcode,overcomepasswordless,poorsafetyperformanceshortcomingsofmechanicallockcontrol.Intraditionalidentity,wetendtousepasswordencryptionmethod,butthismethodonlyanti-anti-villainisnotagentleman.Intheeyesofcleverhackers,passwordconsistsofseveralcharactersfragiletoovulnerable.Now,thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologysothatwehaveanewoption-biometrics.Thebiometrictechnologyusedinnotebook,doorlocks,etc.,theycanfileforprotectionofproperty,andcanbeidentifiable.biometrictechnologyinfingerprintprimaryoriginresearch,itisalsothemostwidelyusedbiometrictechnology.ThesystemdesignoffingerprintrecognitionelectronpasswordlockbasedonSingle-chipmicroprocessorisdevelopedinthethesis.ThesystemSTC89C52MCUasthecoremodule,throughtheserialcommunicationcontrolZFM-60fingerprintmodulefortakingfingerprintsandstorefingerprintdataandliquidcrystaldisplaybyHS12864-15Cratiothanontheprocessesandresults,supportedbysimulationofDCrelaysandLEDsunlockaction.Thesystemissmall,cost-effective,andfastandsuitableforfamiliesandunits.KeyWords：Single-chipmicroprocessor,password,Fingerprintrecognition目录第一章绪论.....................................................................................................................11.1课题研究意义..........................................................................................................11.2国内外指纹密码锁发展历史及现状......................................................................31.3本文主要内容..........................................................................................................4第二章整体设计方案.....................................................................................................52.1方案比较与论证.....................................................................................................52.2系统总体设计..........................................................................................................72.2.1系统功能描述..................................................................................................72.2.2系统总体框架...................................................................................................72.3本章小节..................................................................................................................8第三章系统硬件设计.....................................................................................................93.1单片机及最小系统..................................................................................................93.1.1STC89C52单片机介绍....................................................................................93.1.2外部晶振设计.................................................................................................123.1.3复位电路设计.................................................................................................133.2指纹模块设计.......................................................................................................153.2.1指纹识别技术简介.........................................................................................153.2.2指纹模块简介................................................................................................163.2.3指纹模块指令................................................................................................183.2.4指纹模块接口电路设计................................................................................213.3按键电路设计.......................................................................................................213.4液晶显示模块设计................................................................................................233.4.1FYD12864工作流程......................................................................................243.4.2FYD12864指令说明......................................................................................243.4.3FYD12864液晶显示接口电路设计..............................................................293.5本章小节...............................................................................................................31第四章系统软件设计...........................