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英语9种时态对比1一般现在时一般过去时基本用法1、表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作或状态,以及能力爱好。2、表示客观真理、科学事实、格言或警句和习惯用语中。1、表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。2、表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语结构主语+am/isare+表语主语+动词原形/三单1.主语+was/were+表语2.主语+动词的过去式否定句主语+am/isare+not+表语主语+do/does+not+动词原形主语+was/were+not+表语主语+did+not+动词原形疑问句am/isare+主语+表语do/does+主语+动词原形was/were+主语+表语did+主语+动词原形特征词always,usually,often,sometimes,attimes,everyday,onSundays,nowandthen,seldomyesterday,lastSundaymorning,lastweek,lastyear,justnow,theotherday,onceuponatime,anhourago,in1982例句1.Helikeslivinginthecountry.2.Theearthrunsaroundthesun.3.Theteachertoldusthattheearthisround.1.Weoftenplayedtogetherwhenwewerechildren.2.Heboughtthecomputerfiveyearsago.3.Itwasthenasmallfishingvillage.现在进行时过去进行时基本用法1、表示说话人在说话时正在进行的动作。2、表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作.(说话时这个动作并不一定正在进行。)表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。谓语结构主语+am/is/are+doing主语+was/were+doing疑问否定变疑问往前提,变否定加not变疑问往前提,变否定加not特征词now,listen!,look!,thesedaysthen,atthattime,thistimeyesterday,at10:00lastSundaynight,allday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while例句1.We’rehavingameeting.2.Weareworkingonthefarmthesedays.3.I’mwritingabookthismonth.1.HewasplayingwhileIwasstudying.2.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkthistimeyesterday.一般将来时过去将来时基本用法表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态.从过去看将来要发生的事(过去的将来)谓语结构主语+am/is/aregoingtodo主语+willdo(第一人称也可用shall)主语+am/is/are+todo主语+was/weregoingtodo主语+woulddo主语+was/were+todo疑问否定变疑问往前提,变否定加not变疑问往前提,变否定加not英语9种时态对比2特征词nextSundaymorning,nextmonth,nexttimenextweek,tomorrow,tomorrowafternoon,inafewdays,inamonth,soon常用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中thenext/followingday/week/month例句1.Weshallhavealotofrainnextmonth.2.Lookatthedarkclouds.It’sgoingtorain.3.I’mgoingtowashthecarifIhavetime.4.Ithinkwearetomeetagainmanyyearslater.5.Arewetohandinthepapersat10:30?1.TheysaidtherailwaywastobeopenedtotrafficonMayDay.2.Wewereabouttogooutwhenitbegantorain.3.Hesaidhewouldcometoseeyouwhenhehadtime.现在完成时过去完成时基本用法1、表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果,或说话时已完成的动作。2、表示从过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。(延续性动词)过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态,即“过去的过去”谓语结构主语+have/has+动词过去分词主语+had+动词过去分词疑问否定变疑问往前提,变否定加not变疑问往前提,变否定加not特征词1.already,yet,ever,never,just,before,recently=lately;2.for+一段时间,since+点时间/具体时间,sincetwoyearsago,uptonow=sofar=bynow=tillnow,inthelast/pastfewyears,inrecentyearsbefore,by,when,bytheendoflast…例句1.Ihavefinishedthereport.2.Shehascleanedtheroom.3.Ihavekeptthelibrarybookfor2weeks.(borrow)4.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourhometownsincewelefthere.5.Itis/hasbeentwoyearssinceIgraduated.1.Bytheendoflastyearwehadbuiltfivenewhouses.2.Ihadlearnt5000wordsbeforeIenteredtheuniversity.3.Beforeheslept,hehadworkedfor12hours.现在完成进行时基本用法表示现在以前一段时间里一直在进行的动作,这一动作仍在进行。谓语结构主语+have/hasbeen+动词ing疑问否定变疑问往前提,变否定加not变疑问往前提,变否定加not特征词强调动作的持续性例句1.Hehasbeendoingthemathsproblemssince8:00.2.Ithasbeenrainingfortwodays.英语9种时态对比3时态的特殊用法1、主句是一般将来时,时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句须用一般现在时表一般将来时(即主将从现);主句是过去将来时,时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句须用一般过去时表过去将来时。(1)I’llwritetoherwhenIhavetime.(2)Ifwehurryup,wecancatchthebus.(3)Whateveryousay,Iwon’tpay.(4)NexttimeI’lldoashesays.(5)Fathertoldmethathewouldbuymeacomputerifhemadeenoughmoney.2、主句是将来完成时,从句有bythetime所引导的从句用一般现在时表将来;主句是过去完成时,从句有bythetime、before所引导的从句用一般过去时。(1)Bythetimehecomes,I’llhaveleft.(2)Bythetimehecame,Ihadleft.(3)Thetrainhadleftbeforewereachedthestation.3、by,bytheendof后接表将来某一时间的短语用将来完成时;后接表过去某一时间的短语用过去将来时。(1)Bytheendoflastyear,wehadproduced20,000cars.(2)By8:00a.m.yesterday,wehadarrivedatthepark.(3)Bythistimenextyear,Iwillhavegraduatedfromhighschool.4、在时间或条件状语从句中,现在完成时可代替一般将来时,表示将来某时完成的动作。(1)I’llgotoyourhomewhenIhavefinishedmyhomework.(2)Ifyouhavedonetheexperiment,youwillrealizethetheorybetter.5、go\come\leave\start\arrive等位置移动动词,可以用现在进行时表一般将来时;可以用过去进行时表过去将来时。(1)I’mleavingtomorrow.(3)Mr.GreenwasflyingtoGuangzhouthenextweek.(2)Theyaregettingmarriednextweek.(4)Ididn'tknowwhentheywerecomingagain.6、位移动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、start等以here,there开头的句子里,常用一般现在时代替将来时。(1)Theregoesthebell.(2)Hereshecomes.7、现在进行时或过去进行时常与频度副词always连用,表示说话者表扬、厌烦等感情色彩。(1)Heisalwayshelpingothers.(2)Hewasalwaysthinkingofothers,neverthinkingofhimself.8、用于“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”中,前一个用一般现在时表将来,后一个用一般现在时表将来或用一般将来时。Themoreyoueat,thefatteryou(will)become.“越…越…”9、表示过去经常发生的动作也可用“usedto”或“would+动词原形”代替。usedto+do:“过去常常”表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。woulddo:表过去常干某事,但不强调现在不干。英语9种时态对比4(1)Heusedtovisithismotheronceaweek.(2)Theoldmanwouldsitonabenchinthequietpark.10、用于think,believe,suppose,plan,expect等心理活动的动词,表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事,现在时态中通常用过去式,所表达的含义往往与客观事实相反,意为“原想”,“本以为”“本计划”“本期望”等;过去时态中通常用过去完成时,所表达的含义往往与客观事实相反,意为“原想”,“本以为”“本计划”“本期望”等。(1)Weneverthoughtateamofgirlscouldbeatus.Thisisthemostunluckydayofmylife.我们本以为女队绝不可能打败我们,这是我一生中最不幸的日子。(2)Ibelievedhewouldnotcometoseemeagain.我本以为他再也不会来看我了。(3)Ihadmeanttocome,butsomethinghappened.11、since后跟从句,表示自从,since后用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时。(1)Hehasbeeninhospitalsincehebecameill.(2)It’s3yearssincemybrotherjoinedtheParty.12、用进行时表示渐变的动词有:get,grow,become,turn,run,go等。It'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.13、It+be+一段时间+before从句。这个句式分两种情况:①如果主句用将来时,则从句用一般现在时表将来时。意为“多长……以后将会……发生某事”②如果主句用过去时,从句也用过去时。意为“多长……后发生了某事。”(1)Itwon’tbelongbeforehesucceeds.(=Hewillsucceedsoon.)(2)Itwastenyearsbeforetheymetagain.(=Theymetagaintenyearslater.)14、“havebe
本文标题:英语9种时态对比
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