外研版英语七年级上册语法总结

M1语法1】Whereareyoufrom?你来自哪里？回答：IamfromBeijing./IcomefromBeijing.2】Whataboutgoingswimming?去游泳怎么样？回答：Goodidea!/Soundsgreat!/Great!用法：whatabout=Howabout,about是介词，后接动词ing.例：Whatabout__listening__（listen）tomusic?3】Everyoneishere.每个人都在这里。Everyone：每个人，是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。例如：Everyone__likes__(like)music.4】and/but的用法and:和，表示并列或顺承关系。but:但是，表示转折关系。例如：HeisfromChina,__but_heisn’tChinese.5】It’snicetomeetyouall.很高兴见到你们。句型：It’s+形容词+todosth.例如：It’sdifficult_tolearn__（learn）English.6】MynameisTonySmith.Myfirstnameis___Tony______.mylastnameis___Smith______.7】Be的用法1.Be包括is，am,are.2.Be搭配口诀：I用am,you用are,is用于he,she,it.单数和不可数名词用is，复数全用are.3.Be的肯定变否定，be+not4.Be的缩写：Iam=I’m;youare=you’reheis=he’s;sheis=she’s;itis=it’s;whatis=what’s5.Be的疑问句：Be+主语+其他？回答：Yes,主语+be./No,主语+benot.M2语法1】What/How引导的感叹句What+a/an+形容词+名词+（主语+谓语）!=How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！Whatabigfamily(itis)!=Howbigthefamilyis!Whatfineweather(itis)!=Howfinetheweatheris!2】infrontof在前面/inthefrontof在前部3】名词所有格两人共有：AandB’s+is两人分别有：A’sandB’s+are例如：MrsGreenis__A__mother.A.LinglingandLucy’sB.Lingling’sandLucy’sC.Lingling’sandLucy4】合成词合成词变复数，一般情况，后面的单词变复数。boystudent___boystudents____busdriver__busdrivers______2.含woman和man的合成词变复数，两个都要变复数。manteacher___menteachers_______womandoctor__womendoctors_____5】What’syourfather’sjob?你的爸爸是做什么工作的？=Whatdoesyourfatherdo?=whatisyourfather?回答：Heisateacher.6】BeijingisthecapitalofChina.北京是中国的首都。China—ChineseEngland–EnglishJapan–JapaneseAmerica–AmericanAfrica–African7】Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.这是我的一张全家照。aphotoof…的一张照片8】名词所有格有生命的：Lingling’sbooks无生命的：adoorofclassroom表示时间和距离的：twohours’time我爸爸的一个朋友：afriendofmyfather’s9】方位介词ontheleft在左边；ontheright在右边infrontof在前面；nextto=near紧靠inthemiddleof在中间10】SheandDaming’smotherareatthesamehospital.她和大明的妈妈在同一家医院工作。11】Myfatherisabusdriver,andheworksinabusstation.(职业的单词：policeman;doctor;nurse;teacher;actor;manager.)M3语法1】数字one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty.thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety,hundred.2】What’syourclassroominEnglandlike?你在英国的教室是什么样子的？belike=looklike看起来像3】alotof=lotsof许多alotof/lotsof后接可数名词复数时，等于many;后接不可数名词时，等于much.4】furniture家具（总称）；food;drink;information信息，这些词都是不可数名词，用is5】some/any一些1.Some:用于肯定句（表示请求和建议，希望对方肯定回答的句子）Wouldyoulikesomemilk?Whataboutsomemilk?CanIhavesomemilk?2.any:用于否定句和疑问句中例如：Ihaven’tgot__any__(some/any)apples.Wouldyoulike_some___(some/any)apples?6】onthewall/inthewall在墙上/在墙里例如：adooris_inthewall______________amapis__onthewall__________7】with/and的区别with和and都有“和”的意思with强调前者。例如：Jackwithhisfather__goes____(go)topark.and强调两者都。例如：Jackandhisfather___go_____(go)topark.8】Therebe句型Therebe表示“有”(thereis/thereare)含义：表示某地存在某人/某物（have：强调某人/某物拥有）句型：（1）肯定句：Thereis/are+某人/某物（2）否定句：Thereisn’t/aren’t+某人/某物（3）疑问句：Is/Are+there+某人/某物？Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t4.就近原则：is和are的选择由最靠近它的名词的单复数决定。例如：There__is____apenandtwobooks.There___are____twobooksandapen.M4语法1】food/drink不可数名词（1）drink“饮料”，是不可数名词，用is（2）drink:haveadrink（3）drink:“喝”，drinktea.2】toomuch/toomany太多（1）toomuch+不可数名词（2）toomany+可数名词复数（3）muchtoo+形容词（muchtoobig）3】kind种类（1）akindof一种（2）differentkindsof不同种类的（3）bekindtosb.对某人和蔼4】health/healthy健康/健康的（1）Itisgoodforyourhealth，pleasekeephealthy.（2）stayhealthy;keephealthy;healthyfood.5】abitof一点Shehas__abitof_____money.=alittle6】remember记得remembertodosth.记得去做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事7】or或者;还是在肯定句中：表示”或者”在否定句和疑问句中，常用or来代替and：Ihaven’tgotapenorabook.在并列句中：表示“否则”:Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.8】havegot/hasgot句型1.定义：拥有。havegot=have；hasgot=has2.句型：肯定句：主语+havegot/hasgot+其他否定句：主语+haven’tgot/hasn’tgot+其他疑问句：Have/Has+主语+got+其他？回答：Yes,主语+have/has.No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t.3.Therebe和havegot的区别Therebe（某地存在某人/某物；强调存在）；havegot（某人/某物拥有...；强调拥有）9】特问词what(什么）where(哪里）when(何时）who(谁）which(哪一个）How(方式或状态）Whattime(什么时刻）Howold（多大）Whatcolour(什么颜色）Howoften（多少次）once/twice/threetimes10】isgoodfor对…有益反义词isbadfor对…有害11】名词1.可数名词--单数变复数规律：（1）一般情况：加s（2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾：加es（buses,boxes,watches）（3）以“辅音+y”结尾的，变y为i,加es.(family-families,city-cities)（4）以f/fe结尾：把它变成ves.(leaf-leaves,wife-wives,knife-knives)（5）以o结尾，记口诀：(photo-photos)Negroesandheroeslikepotatoesandtomatoes.黑人和英雄喜欢马铃薯和西红柿。（6）man–men;woman-women;child-children（7）oo-ee:foot-feet;tooth-teeth;goose-geese（8）单复数同型：三人：Chinese;English;Japanese三物：fish；deer;sheep（9）特殊单词mouse-mice;ox-oxen;German-Germans2.不可数名词（1）分类：液体类：water;tea;milk等肉类：meat;fish;beef等其他类：chocolate;bread;money;sugar;paper;work;homework;time;food;drink;furniture;information等（2）用法1.不可数名词，不用a/an，不加s/es变复数2.不可数名词，看作单数，和is搭配3.和alittle/little/abitof搭配4.和much搭配M5语法1】时间表达法1.顺读法It's+点钟+分钟2.逆读法It's+分钟+...+点钟（1）小于30分钟：It's+分钟+past+点钟（2）等于30分钟：It's+halfpast+点钟（3）大于30分钟：It's+（60-分钟）+to+(点钟+1）（4）整点：It's+点钟+o'clock（5）等于15分钟：It's+aquarterpast+点钟（6）等于45分钟：It's+aquarterto+(点钟+1）2】问时间Whattimeisit?=What'sthetime?/12639pasttoo'clockhalfpast回答：It's+时刻3】because因为用Why来提问，用because来回答有because无so,有though无but4】talkto/talkwith与...交谈5】starttodosth开始去做某事=begintodosth6】have的用法have:拥有havebreakfast/havelunch/havedinner:吃早餐/中餐/晚餐haveChinese:上语文课havealook:看一看7】house/home/family的用法house:房