英语写作套路

英语写作套路要写好文章离不开扎实的基础，可是，打好基础并不是一蹴而就的事情，需要长时间的不懈努力。写作本无捷径可走，但是作为英语写作教学的摸索，尝试着为初写者开辟一条作文套路捷径。我们知道，文章的结构掌握着文章的全局。作文的内容固然重要，但它离不开结构的衬托。没有结构的内容就犹如一盘散沙，令人无所适从。以下的套路可以帮助初写者理清思路，使文章不至于离题万里。这些套路在教学实践中证明是可行的但不是完美的。恰当使用这些套路的关键在于灵活运用而不是生搬硬套。一.对......看法（MyViewon...题型）公说公有理，婆说婆有理，许多话题永远争论不休。写作考得最多的就是这种题型。例如：“1.失败是常有的事，2.人们对失败有各种不同的态度，3.我对失败的态度。”“1.有人认为金钱是幸福之本(sourceofhappiness)，2.也有人认为金钱是万恶之源(rootofevil)，3.我的看法。”“1.有人认为放鞭炮是好事，为什么？2.有人认为放鞭炮是坏事，为什么？3.我的看法。”等等。下面三种套路可任选一个。套路People’sviews/ideas/opinionsonvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplethinkthat...Theyholdthisopinionbecause...However,othersholdthat...Astome,Iaminfavorofthefirst/secondidea.Thefollowingarethereasonsof/formychoice/personalinclination.First,whileitistruethat...,itdoesn'tmeanthat...Besides,Admittedly,..butthisisnottosaythat...Therefore/Inaword/fromtheforegoing,...MyViewonDevelopingPrivateCarsPeople'sviewsonprivatecarsvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplethinkthatitisaninevitabletendencytodevelopprivatecars.Theyholdthisopinionbecauseprivatecarsarepopularinadvancedcountries.Intheiropinion,ChinawillalsobeanadvancedcountryandChinesepeopleshouldhaveprivatecars.However,othersholdthatweshouldnotfollowtheexampleofforeigncountriesandshouldnotdevelopprivatecarsattheexpenseoftheenviron-ment.Astome,Iaminfavorofthesecondidea.Thefollowingarethereasonsformypersonalinclination.First,whileitistruethatmostpeoplehaveprivatecarsinadvancedcountries,itdoesn'tmeanthatsinceourcountryhasbecomeprosperous,ourpeopleshouldalsohaveprivatecars.Weshouldbeenvironment-consciousandshouldmakefulluseofpublictransport.Besides,ourcountryisstilladevelopingcountryandsomefrontierandinlandareasarestillverypoorandbackward.Weshoulddeveloptheseareasfirst.Admittedlysomerichpeoplecanhaveprivatecarsbeforeotherscan,butthisisnottosaythatprivatecarsshouldbepopularizedandthateveryfamilyshouldownacar.二.利弊（AdvantagesandDisadvantagesof…题型）事物总是一分为二的。写作题目中有许多涉及某一事物的正反两方面。例如：“运动的积极因素与消极因素”、“双休日的好处与负作用”、“新的科学技术给社会带来的好处与问题”、“摩托车的优点与缺点”。凡涉及到利弊的题目时都可用下面的这个套路。套路：Nowadays,…play(s)animportantpart/rolein…(is/arepopulararoundus).Likeeverythingelse,…has/havebothfavorableandunfavorableaspects.Generally,theadvantagescanbelistedasfollows.First,…Besides,…Mostimportantofall,…Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Tobeginwith,…Tomakemattersworse/Worstofall,...Throughaboveanalysis,Ibelievethattheadvantages/positiveaspectsoutweighthedisadvantages/negativeones.Therefore,…OnComputersNowadays,computersareverypopulararoundus.Likeeverythingelse,computershavebothfavorableandunfavorableaspects.Generally,theadvantagescanbelistedasfollows.First,computerscancalculate.Theycanmakeworkmoreefficientfortheyhaveahighspeedofcalculation.Besides,peoplecancommunicatewitheachotherbyE-mail,whichcostspeoplelessmoneyandlesstime.Mostimportantofall,computerscreatewidecommunicationaroundtheworld.PeoplecancommunicatewitheachotherbyjoiningInternet.Theycanmakefriendsallovertheworld.Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Tobeginwith,sincecomputerscandoalotofworkforus,suchascalculation,wemayrelytoomuchonthemandbecomelazierandlazier.Tomakemattersworse,althoughitisconvenientforpeopletocommunicatewitheachotherbyE-mail,theoriginalwarmrelationshipmaybecomecold,forpeoplewill.havefeweropportunitiestotalktoeachotherfacetoface.Worstofall,computerswillhaveviruscausedbyelectronichackerssothatalotofimportantinformationwillbelost.Throughaboveanalysis,Ibelievethatthepositiveaspectsoutweighthenegativeaspects.Therefore,Ibelieve,computerswillhaveabrightfuture.三．如何（Howto...题型）办法人人都有。你能把你想出的办法一个一个地罗列清楚吗？作文题目有“怎样才能实现绿化”、“我是如何克服英语学习中所遇到的困难的”、“我怎么为我理想的职业作准备”等等。就用下面这个套路吧。套路：Manywayscancontributetosolvingthisseriousproblem,butthefollowingonesmaybemosteffective.Firstofall,...Besides,/Anotherwaytosolvetheproblemof...is...Finally,..Thesearenotthebestandtheonlytwo/threemeasureswecantake.Butitshouldbenotedthatweshouldtakestrongactionsto...HowtoSolvetheProblemofHeavyTrafficWiththeboomingofthemotorindustry,thereareanincreasingnumberofvehiclesontheroads.Asaresult,trafficjamsoftenoccur.Manywayscancontributetosolvingthisseriousproblem,butthefollowingonesmaybemosteffective.Firstofall,roadsshouldbebroadenedtolowerthedegreeofcongestionandtospeeduptheflowofheavytraffic.Anotherwaytosolvetheproblemofheavytrafficistoopenupmorebusroutestoreducebicyclesandautomobiles.Finally,moreundergroundpassagesshouldbedevelopedsothatpeoplecancommutebymetro.Thesearenotthebestandtheonlythreewayswecantake.Butitshouldbenotedthatifthegovernmenttakessomeactionstoalleviatethetrafficproblem,allofuscanenjoymorefreetraffic.四.取舍（AorB题型）人生面临着许多抉择，这在写作题目中也反映出来。例如：“始终从事一种工作还是经常更换工作”以及“有选择地读书还是博览群书”。碰到这种“两者选一”类的题目，便可运用下列两种套路中的任何一种。套路Whenwe/you….,we/youwillbefacedwiththechoicebetweenAandB.Beforemakingtherightchoice,we/youhadbettermakeaclosecomparisonandcontrastofthem.Firstofall,A...Also,B...Second,A...Likewise,B...Despitetheirsimilarities,AandBarealsodifferentinthefollowingaspects.First,A...However,B...Besides,A...Onthecontrary,B...Therefore,itdependswhich...we/youshouldchoose.Ifwe/you....we/youshouldchoose