被动语态课件

LotsofpeoplespeakEnglishintheworld.主（执行者）谓宾(承受者)Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.一、被动语态的意义:(themeaningofthePassiveVoice.)当句子的主语是动作的_______时，谓语要用主动语态(theActivevoice)。当句子的主语是动作的______时，谓语要用被动语态(thePassiveVoice)。执行者承受者二、被动语态的构成:(theStructureofthePassiveVoice.)be+done(________的过去分词)+by…,be有人称和数的变化。当没有必要指出动作的执行者时，介词by短语可以________.1.Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.2.Ahospitalwasbuiltinourhometownlastyear.省略及物动词•1．一般现在时(thepresenttense)Classmeeting______everyThursday.2．一般过去时(thepasttense)Thesecups___________bytheboy.amisare﹜done﹜done（一）各种时态的被动语态:(Thepassivevoiceofallkindsoftenses)每周四召开班会。isheldwaswere这些茶杯杯这个男孩打碎了。werebroken•3．一般将来时(thefuturetense)•Aspeech___________(give)nextweek.willshall﹜bedone以及amisare﹜goingtobedone4.过去将来时(thepastfuturetense)wouldshould﹜bedone以及﹜wasweregoingtobedoneHesaidthataspeech___________(give)thenextweek.willbegivenwouldbegiven•5.现在进行时(thepresentcontinuoustense)amisare﹜beingdone6.过去进行时(thepastcontinuoustense)waswere﹜beingdoneThemachine__________________(repair)atthistimeyesterday.Theproblem___________________(discuss)now.isbeingdiscussedwasbeingrepaired•7.现在完成时(thePresentPerfectTense)•hashave﹜beendone8.过去完成时(thepastperfecttense)hadbeendoneTwohundredtrees_________________(plant)sofar.到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。Theysaidthey______________(invite)totheparty.他们说他们已经被邀请参加晚会了。havebeenplantedhadbeeninvited•9.含有情态动词的被动语态:（thepassivevoicewithmodalverb)••1.Goodbooks______________againandagain.•好书应该被反复读。2.Yourhomework________________afterclass.你的作业必须在课后交上。can/couldmay/mightmust/should/needbedone﹜shouldbereadmustbehandedin3.Myshirt___________________now.我的衬衫不必现在洗。needn’tbewashed※一般现在时※一般过去式一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时※带有情态动词的被动语态am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedoneam/is/aregoingtobedonewould/shouldbedonewas/weregoingtobedoneam/is/are/beingdonewas/werebeingdonehas/havebeendonehadbeendonecan/could/may/mightshould/must/need﹜bedone（二）被动语态的否定句和疑问句：1.变否定句Theroomiscleanedeveryday.Theroomisn’tcleanedeveryday.Theflowersshouldbewateredonceaweek.Theflowersshouldn’tbewateredonceaweek.2.变一般疑问句Istheroomcleanedeveryday?Shouldtheflowersbewateredonceaweek?3.变特殊疑问句(划线部分提问)Whatiscleanedeveryday?Howoftenshouldtheflowersbewatered?•三、被动语态的用法：(theusageofthePassiveVoice.)1).Hegavemeabook.•I_________abook.•Abook_____________me.1.含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，但通常把间接宾语作主语，如果将直接宾语作为主语，要在间接宾语的前面加上to或for.2).Heboughtmeanewbikeyesterday.I______________anewbikeyesterday.Anewbike______________meyesterday.wasgivenwasgiventowasboughtwasboughtfor•2.把make/letsee/noticehear/feelsbsbdosth﹜﹛变为被动语态时，必须带to即:﹛﹜todosthmade/letseen/noticedheard/feltsbisHemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.Theboy_____________workfortwohoursyesterday.wasmadeto•3.短语动词变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。•1).Weshouldtakegoodcareofthechildren.•Thechildrenshould___________________.•2).Weshouldspeaktooldmenpolitely.•Oldmenshould_______________politely.betakengoodcareofbespokento4.不及物动词（vi.）不用被动语态如:happen,appear,disappear….1)Atrafficaccident___________(happen)justnow.happened2)She____________(disappear)fromthegarden.disappeared5.连系动词（Link.v.)如：look,sound,smell,taste,feel…+adj(形容词）时，本身已含有被动含义，不用被动语态。1).Theflowers_______sweet.这些花闻起来很香。2).Thestory________interesting这个故事听起来很有趣。3).Thepieceofcloth________soft这块布摸起来很柔软。smellsoundsfeels6.当某些动词表示事物的自然属性时,不用被动语态:1).Thepen_________(write)veryfast.这支笔书写流利。2).Thiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.这种毛衣很畅销。3).Thiskindofsweater_____________(sellout)yesterday.这种毛衣昨天就被买光了。writessellswashes4)Thiscoat_________(wash)well.这件大衣很耐洗。wassoldout7.不及物短语动词不用被动语态：•cometrue,belongto,runout,takeplace,comeout,breakdown…….•1).Mydream____________.我的梦想已经实现了。2).Mymoney__________.我的钱已经用光了。3).Greatchanges_______________inourhometown.我的家乡已经发生了很大的变化。hascometruehasrunouthavetakenplace4).Hisnewbook_____________nextmonth.他的新书将在下个月出版。willcomeout•四、巧记被动语态用法：•我的变化很生动，主语执行用主动，主语承受用被动。间宾前加for或to,感官使役还原to。短语动词是一家，千万不要拆散它。不及物动词无被动，不要把我误来用。系形组合含被动，无需再来变被动。sell,write与wash,表动作有被动，表属性无被动。runout,comeout与cometrue,汉语思维像被动，英语思维无被动。以上规则记得住，走进考场准管用。•五、冲击中考1.When____theaccident_____?A.was,happenB.did,happenC.is,happenD.was,happened2.Thebridges___twoyearsago.A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt3.Thiswork_____atonce．A.needn’tbedoneB.needtodoC.needdoD.needdone4.Computers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.usedtoBACC•5.Greatchanges_____inthepasttenyearsinChina.•A.tookplaceB.havetakenplace•C.havebeentakenplaceD.hadtakenplace6.Saltinallsupermarkets_____yesterday.A.sellsoutB.sellingoutC.wassoldoutD.weresoldout7.Hervoice____sweet.A.issoundedB.isheardC.soundsD.sounding8.Thebook_____well.A.issoldB.sellsC.sellD.selling.BCCB•9.Abirthdaypresent______mebymymother.•A.boughtB.wasbought•C.wasboughtforD.wasboughtto•10.Anapple________me.•A.wasgivenB.wasgivento•C.wasgavetoD.weregivento•11.Thebook____byhismother.•A.can’tbewrittenB.canbenotwritten•C.can’tbewroteD.bewritten•12.Musttheoldpeople________politely?A.arespokentoB.bespokenC.speaktoD.bespokentoCBAD