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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 经营企划 > 完形填空解题技巧PPT
完形填空技巧训练完形填空命题特点:1.短文长度300词左右,记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。记叙文故事情节多有曲折,结果出乎意料,是幽默所在;议论文结构严谨层次分明,有很多对仗现象。2.首句无空格,提供语境。5-10词设一空,人名、地名、日期、数字不在之列。3.选项多为一词,偶会为词组。四选项为同一类词或属同一范畴,或近义或形异义,或与前后配成词组。故干扰性、迷性大。有时单独看一句话语法都是正确的,但根据上下文只有一个正确答案。4.考查单词以实词(v,n,adj,adv,pron.)为主,虚词(conj.,prep.)为辅。实词一般占80%-90%。5.以考查学生对文章的整体理解(篇章逻辑题)和词汇的意义(词汇题)把握为主。有些要结合常识才能正确选项;有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基础上,正确把握上下文的逻辑关系,才能正确判断和选择。6.有些空格答案由上文决定(前置性设空),有些由后文决定(后置性设空),有些要综合上下文才能得到答案(语篇性设空),以后置性设空为主。英语完形填空解题步骤1.速览全文,把握大意。2.细读首句,摸清文路。3.瞻前顾后,准确选择。4.复核全文,调整答案。做完形填空必须读懂文章,前后逻辑一致;完形填空每个小题的正确答案都是有充分根据的,可以在文章汇总找到具体的突破口也就是信息点。解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索,如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。≈2mins≈10mins≈2mins≈1mins答题方法:1)择优法:根据文章及结构边读边填,如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的,不必再去逐个考证其余答案。2)排除法:如答案一时难以确定,可按空格位置,从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面,对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项,从而确定正确答案。HerearesomeBasicskillsofclozeSkill1:Highlightthefirstsentenceorparagragh.(重视首句或手段,推测主旨大意。)IfyouhavenotalreadybeentoMorocco,Iurgeyoutoputitnextonyourlist.Africa21aworldcompletelydifferenttothatofEurope,22awarmer,morefragrantandmorecolorfulone!Productsarecheapbutthe23isnot.Whatdoesthefirstsentencetellus?TheauthorencouragespeopletoMoroccototravel.Whatdoyouknowfromthefirstparagragh?TravellinginAfricaisverydifferentfromthatinEurope.Skill2:Choosingbycontext(上下文、语境)eg1.Ihadthegood24tospendfivedaysthereduringmyholidays.Westayedinabeautifulhotelwhichcostfiveeurosanightwithfreebreakfast.AsistraditionalinMorocco,weweresuppliedwithmanycupsofmint(薄荷)teaaswell.…24.A.possibilityB.courageC.fortuneD.TimeCeg2.Duringourstayherewedecidedtobe28andvisittheSahara.Itmayhavebeenninehours'29butitwasdefinitelyworththelongminibusride!28.A.relaxedB.abnormalC.uniqueD.Adventurous29.A.driveB.walkC.flightD.Voyage29A28DSkill3:logic(逻辑推理)eg2.Wezoomedthrough(穿过)themountainsandround(环绕)thebigcorners.AfterninehourswearrivedatthemouthoftheSahara.Wetookacamelridetowherewehadourcamp.Thiswas32byarichmealandaheart—warmingbonfire(篝火)withmusic.Itwasawonderfulwaytohavesomeinsightinto(洞察)lifeinthedesertandhowthepeoplethere33.32.A.abandonedB.accompaniedC.followedD.replaced33.A.surviveB.escapeC.lastD.standCA1.动词、名词、形容词等与介词的搭配Westayedinabeautifulhotelwhichcostfiveeurosanightwithfreebreakfast.AsistraditionalinMorocco,wewere26withmanycupsofmint(薄荷)teaaswell.26.A.suppliedB.coveredC.equippedD.exchangedSkill4:Choosingbymeaningsofwordsandexpressions(词汇和短语用法)A2.及物动词和不及物动词的用法:eg2.Wezoomedthroughthemountainsandroundthebigcorners.Afterninehourswe30atthemouthoftheSahara.30.A.reachedB.arrivedC.enteredD.LeftSkill4:Choosingbymeaningsofwordsandexpressions(词汇和短语用法)B3.同词复现(同义词、近义词、反义词等重现):首句:IfyouhavenotalreadybeentoMorocco,Iurgeyoutoputitnextonyourlist.…尾句:ThiswasprobablythebestexperienceofmylifeandIwould40anyoneelsetotakeonthisadventure!40.A.agreeB.encourageC.declineD.promiseSkill4:Choosingbymeaningsofwordsandexpressions(词汇和短语用法)B。Skill5:Choosingbygrammar(语法分析)eg.Wesawshootingstars(流星)andthenomads(牧民)sleptunderthestarsinthedesert37itisvery,verycoldatnight!Howeverourtentswereverybigandquiteluxurious(奢侈)withmattresses(床垫)inside__38___rugs(地毯)laiddowneverywhere.37.A.becauseB.evenifC.sinceD.sothat38.A.andB.butC.orD.besidesBA温馨提示:语法分析主要分析句子结构:长句难句、根据句与句之间的逻辑关系选择连接词。递进关系:besides,inaddition等转折关系:however,but,unfortunately,onthecontrary等。因果或目的关系:because,since,for,as,so,therefore,inorderto,consequently等。表示例举关系:forexample,forinstance,suchas,thatistosay,inotherwords或“﹣”“:”等标点符号。)表示条件:if,unless,once等表示时间:before,after,when,while,until等Skill6:Choosingbycommonsense(常识)eg1.IfyouhavenotalreadybeentoMorocco,Iurgeyoutoputitnextonyourlist.AfricaoffersaworldcompletelydifferenttothatofEurope,mainlyawarmer,morefragrantandmorecolorfulone!Productsarecheapbutthe23isnot.23.A.quantityB.weightC.impressionD.qualityDSkill6:Choosingbycommonsense(常识)eg2.AsistraditionalinMorocco,weweresuppliedwithmanycupsofmint(薄荷)teaaswell.Thereyoucoulddocookeryclasses,27ontheroof,andeatadelicioustagine(泰琼羊肉).27.A.showerB.sunbatheC.sunburnD.settleBTheskillsoffinishingCloze?Skill1:Highlight首句或手段,推测主旨大意。Skill2:Choosingby上下文、语境Skill3:Choosingby逻辑推理Skill4:Choosingby词汇和短语用法Skill5:Choosingby语法分析(句子结构:长句、难句、连接词)Skill6:Choosingby常识完形填空四利用:1.利用复现或同类的词汇答题。2.利用前后文的对仗关系。3.利用上下文的逻辑关系。4.生活常识。完形填空三忌:忌不看首句,直奔空格处作答。忌当做语法填空来做。完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出,不是孤立的看本句话。(注重语篇)忌先入为主,一气呵成。做题时先填把握的空格,对不是很有把握的先放一放,在后文的到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会获得答案。Themorewepractice,theeasieritwillbe!Clozeisinteresting,thoughdifficult.实战演练:1.课堂练习:完成晚测一试卷课后完形填空练习。2.家庭作业:黑白版周报22期完形填空练习。2.记叙文型完形填空的备考策略(1)重视首句,把握开篇完形填空一般首句不设空,是完整的一句。细读此句可以判断文章的体裁,预测全文大意和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助你建立正确的思维导向,避免误入歧途,对理解全文起重要的作用。(2)速读全文,掌握大意速读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方,仍要快速读下去,不要急于看选项。一遍读不懂可以再迅速读一遍,要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件,即who,when,where,what等。掌握大概,总体把握文章内容、结构、时态、语态变化、情节的展开、结局的形成,然后答题。(3)弄清作者对人物和事件的态度弄清作者对人物和事件的态度也是做好记叙文型完形填空的关键。分析近几年高考题,有不少题需要在正确把握反映作者情感态度的关键词的基础上才能做好。(4)理顺事件的发生、发展和结局记叙文型完形填空多数是按事件发生的顺序进行叙述,正确把握文章的发展顺序对把握文章的主脉有着重要的意义。因此,在选择答案时可以事先理清人物间的关系及各自所做的事情。
本文标题:完形填空解题技巧PPT
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