中国教育服务贸易国际竞争力文献报告

北京林业大学本科毕业论文(设计)I中国教育服务贸易国际竞争力分析国际经济与贸易08-1李天一指导教师吴红梅摘要自二十世纪九十年代开始，全球产业结构调整加速，经济全球化进程不断深化，服务贸易以其独特的优势和经济利润逐渐接近甚至超越货物贸易。在此国际背景下，借由改革开放的契机，中国服务贸易业呈飞速发展态势，贸易规模增长速度、贸易量增加额度都令世界为之震惊。但是在取得整体成绩的同时，应该看到局部存在的问题。我们经常对金融、通信、运输等方面进行大量研究，而教育服务却被人们所忽略。当今世界知识经济的发展程度已成为一个经济体软实力的重要考察指标，而与知识的获得与传承密切相关的教育发展也日益成为各国战略发展的重点。因此，如何发展我国教育服务贸易以应对愈演愈烈的国际竞争，从而实现我国经济强国、知识强国的目标是值得仔细分析和研究的课题。基于此，本文以经济学理论为基础，在借鉴国内外现有的理论和实证研究基础上，采取定性和定量分析相结合的研究方法，选取近年来各项数据，并运用计量经济学方法进行检验。文章首先阐述了选题研究的意义和目前的研究现状。进而从我国教育服务贸易现状出发，分别从教育服务贸易提供的四种方式来对国内教育服务贸易竞争力进行描述，并进行指标分析，揭示我国教育服务贸易国际竞争力偏弱的问题所在。最后借鉴发达国家和其他发展中国家发展教育服务贸易的经验，提出解决问题的思路，从宏观和微观两个角度对未来我国教育服务贸易发展提出相关政策建议。关键词：教育服务贸易，进口，出口，国际竞争力北京林业大学本科毕业论文(设计)IITheStudyontheInternationalCompetitivenessofChina’sEducationalServicesTradeInternationalEconomicsandTrade08-1LiTianyiSupervisorWuHongmeiAbstractSincethe1990s,theglobalindustrialstructureisadjustedquicklyandeconomygraduallybecomeglobalized.Servicestradewithitsuniquesuperiorityandeconomicprofitsarebeyondgoodstrade.China’sservicestradedevelopsrapidlyinthisinternationalsituationandshecatchestheopportunitiesofreformandopeningpolicies.TheworldwasshockedbyChina’stradegrowthandvolumeincreasedtheamount.Whileobtaintheachievements,weshouldseethelocalproblems.Weoftenanalysealotaboutfinance,communications,transportation,comparatively,theeducationservicehavebeenignored.Weshouldseethatthelevelofdevelopmentofknowledge-basedeconomyhasbecometheimportantsoftpower.SohowtodevelopChina’seducationservicestradeinresponsetogrowinginternationalcompetition,inordertoachieveourpursueisagoodtopicswhichisworthanalysing.Thisarticlebasedonthetheoryofeconomics,discussontheinternationalcompetitivenessofourcountry’seducationalservicestradecomprehensively.Thepaperselectthedataoftheseyearsandtakeacombinationofqualitativeandquantitativeanalysismethodsanduseeconometricmethodsforinspection.Atfirst,itintroducestheresearch’ssignificance,situationandbasictheory,relatedconceptsofeducationalservicestrade.Then,onthebasisofcurrentsituations,describethecompetitivenessofthedomesticeducationalservicestradefromthefourwaystoprovideservicesandgiveanindexanalysis.Fromtheanalysiswecanconcludethatthe北京林业大学本科毕业论文(设计)IIIdevelopmentofourcountry’seducationalservicestradeisslowlyandthecompetitivenessisweak.Therefore,inthefinalthisarticlereferencetheexperienceofdevelopedcountries,discusshowtoenhancetheinternationalcompetitivenessfrommacroscopicandmicrocosmicviewandhopethisviewcancontributetoresearchanddevelopmentofourcountry’seducationalservicestrade.KeyWords:Educationalservicestrade，import，export，internationalcompetitivemess北京林业大学本科毕业论文(设计)IV目录一绪论............................................................................................................................................................1（一）选题背景及意义................................................................................................................................1（二）国内外研究现状................................................................................................................................21国外研究现状..........................................................................................................................................22国内研究现状..........................................................................................................................................2（三）研究内容和方法................................................................................................................................3二中国教育服务贸易现状............................................................................................................................4（一）教育服务贸易竞争力基本理论........................................................................................................4（二）中国教育服务贸易出口状况............................................................................................................5（三）中国教育服务贸易进口状况............................................................................................................7（四）中国教育服务贸易整体总结..........................................................................................................10三中国教育服务贸易国际竞争力的实证分析..........................................................................................12（一）我国教育服务贸易国际竞争力指数分析......................................................................................12（二）我国教育服务贸易国际竞争力影响因素分析..............................................................................141变量选取................................................................................................................................................142数据来源................................................................................................................................................153结果与分析............................................................................................................................................15四提升我国教育服务贸易国际竞争力的政策建议..................................................................................19（一）宏观对策................................................