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TranslationSkillsofChineseCuisineSomeFunnyTranslations四喜丸子fourgladmeatballs?叫化鸡beggarschicken?麻婆豆腐beancurdmadebyapockmarkedwoman?红烧狮子头friedlion’shead?大盘鸡chickeninabigplate?夫妻肺片lungsofacouple?DifferencesinMenuThewesternmenusimplyliststhenameofthedish,andthenmarksthemain,auxiliarymaterials,thecookingmethodsandthesauceforeating,givingthefeelingofsimplicityandpracticality.InChina,thereawidevarietyofChinesedishes,withallkindsofnameswithdistinctcharacteristics.HowToTranslateProperly?InDecember2007,thegovernmentenactedsomerulesaboutthetranslationofChinesedishesinordertowelcomethe2008OlympicGames.ChinesemenuinEnglishversion《中文菜单英文译法》有趣的菜名翻译1.直译类锅贴potsticker酸辣汤hot&soursoup春卷springrolls柠檬牛肉lemonbeef炒杂菜mixedvegetable清蒸鱼steamedfish火锅hotpot烤鸭roastduck2.音译类馄饨wonton叉烧charshiu炒面chowmein捞面lomein炒河粉chowfun麻婆豆腐mar-bohtofu3.曲译类中国菜名中一些非常诗意的元素,用英文实在无法体现出来。白云凤爪chickenleg(鸡脚)四宝豆腐羹steamedtofusoup(蒸豆腐汤)游龙戏凤chicken,shrimp,squidwithmixedvegetable(鸡,虾,鱿鱼,杂菜)炒素丁vegetableroll(菜卷子)鸳鸯馒头shanghaibuns(上海馒头)雪蛤红莲sweetenedhasimacreamwithreddatesandlotusseeds百年好合redbeanfreshlilybulb(红豆百合茎)在以上菜名中,有一些综合了中国历史、戏曲、民俗等方面的内容于一身,用英文根本无法传递其中复杂的内涵,于是只好用所采用的食材来予以替代。TheprinciplesofChinesedishesTranslation1.Clearandsimple2.Providethebasicinformationcustomersneedtoknow,suchasthemainrawmaterials,theproductionprocessorthemainfeaturesofdishes3.Usuallyanounphrase,withthemainrawmaterialbeingthekeywords,productionprocessesormethodsexpressedbythepastparticiple,ingredientsorcondimentsexpressedbyprepositionalphrasewith“with”or“in”andthemainfeaturesexpressedbyadjectives要将中餐菜单翻译成英文,就先得了解中餐菜名的构成及命名方法。中餐菜名通常由原料名称,烹制方法、菜肴的色香味形状、菜肴的创始人或发源地等构成。这种反映菜肴内容和特色的命名方法叫做写实性命名法。此外还有反映菜肴深刻含义的写意性命名法。由于汉语和英语的差异很大,我们在把中餐菜名由中文译成英文的时候,应该采用写实性命名法,尽量将菜肴的原料、烹制方法、菜肴的色香味形等翻译出来,让客人一目了然。A.Commonmaterials鸡chicken鸭duck鹅goose鱼类fish肉类meat猪肉pork牛肉beef小牛肉veal羊肉mutton小羊肉lamp牛尾(oxtail)、里脊(fillet)、排骨(spareribs)、腰子(kidney)、肚子(tripe)、肝(liver)、舌(tongue)、蹄子(trotter)、胗(gizzard)、鸡什(giblets)、鹿肉(venison)、鸡脯(chickenbreast)甲鱼(turtle)、海味(seafood)、虾(shrimp)、干贝(scallop)、螃蟹(crab)、鱿鱼(squid)、海蜇(jellyfish)、海螺(whelk)、野味(game)、兔(rabbit)、鸽(pigeon)、鹌鹑(quail)、龙虾(lobster)、牡蛎(oyster)、田螺(snail)、田鸡(frog)、蛇(snake)、腌肉(bacon)、香肠(sausage)、火腿(ham)、熊掌(bear’spaw)、鱼翅(shark’sfin)、燕窝(bird’snest)、鲍鱼(abalone)B.Preparationbeforecooking&cutting去骨(boning)打鳞(scaling)剥/去皮(peeling)脱壳(shelling)腌制(pickling)C.Commonmethodsofusingblade&shapeofmaterials(1)常用刀法切片(slice)切丝(shred)切丁(dice)切柳(fillet)切碎(mince)捣烂(mash)酿入(stuff)(2)常用用料形状肉/鱼片(slicedmeat/fishormeat/fishslices)肉丝(shreddedmeatorporkshreds)肉/鸡丁(dicedpork/chickenormeat/chickencubes)肉末(mincedmeat)肉丸(meatballs)肉馅(meatfilling)D.Commoncookingmethods煮boiling堡/炖stewing烧/焖/烩braising煎frying炒stir-frying爆quick-frying炸deep-frying煨simmering熏smoking烤roasting/barbecuing烘baking蒸steaming白灼scalding一、以主料开头的翻译方法1、介绍菜肴的主料(majoringredientormaterial)和辅料(minoringredient):杏仁鸡丁chickencubeswithalmondFormula:主料(形状)+(with)辅料牛肉豆腐beefwithbeancurd(tofu,doufu)西红柿炒蛋scrambledeggwithtomato2、介绍菜肴的主料和味汁(sauce):芥末鸭掌duckwebswithmustardsauceFormula:主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁葱油鸡chickeninscallionoil米酒鱼卷fishrollswithricewine二、以烹制方法开头的翻译方法1、介绍菜肴的烹法(cookingmethod)和主料:软炸里脊soft-friedporkfilletFormula:烹法+主料(形状)烤乳猪roastsucklingpig炒鳝片stir-friedeelslices2、介绍菜肴的烹法和主料、辅料仔姜烧鸡条braisedchickenfilletwithtendergingerFormula:烹法+主料(形状)+(with)辅料3、介绍菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁:红烧牛肉braisedbeefwithbrownsauceFormula:烹法+主料(形状)+(with,in)味鱼香肉丝friedshreddedporkwithsweetandsoursauce清炖猪蹄stewedpighoofincleansoup三、以形状或口感开头的翻译方法1、介绍菜肴的形状(口感)和主料、辅料芝麻酥鸡crispchickenwithsesameFormula:形状(口感)+主料+(with)辅料陈皮兔丁dicedrabbitwithorangepeel时蔬鸡片slicedchickenwithseasonalvegetables2、介绍菜肴的口感、烹法和主料香酥排骨crispfriedspareribs(chops)Formula:口感+烹法+主料水煮嫩鱼tenderstewedfish香煎鸡块fragrantfriedchicken3、介绍菜肴的形状(口感)、主料和味汁茄汁鱼片slicedfishwithtomatosauceFormula:形状(口感)+主料+(with)味汁椒麻鸡块cutletschickenwithhotpepper黄酒脆皮虾仁crispshrimpswithricewinesauce四、以人名或地名开头的翻译方法1、介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料Formula:人名(地名)+主料麻婆豆腐MaPobeancurd四川水饺Sichuanboileddumpling2、介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、烹法和主料Formula:人名(地名)+烹法+主料东坡煨肘DongPostewedporkjoint北京烤鸭RoastBeijingduck在中餐菜名翻译成英文的过程中,可以采用多种不同的方法,而且每一道菜都可以从不同的角度入手进行翻译。例如,川菜中的“宫保鸡丁”这道菜就有以下几种译法:1.sauteedchickencubeswithpeanuts2.Gongbaochickencubes3.dicedchickenwithchilliandpeanuts由此可见,中餐菜名的英译方法是灵活多变的。至于我们在翻译中应该采用哪种方法,可根据各人的习惯和具体情况确定。只要掌握了第一种以主料开头的翻译方法,对其它种类的翻译方法便可以触类旁通。Practice四喜丸子叫化鸡麻婆豆腐红烧狮子头大盘鸡夫妻肺片Practice四喜丸子braisedporkballsingravysauce叫化鸡bakedchicken麻婆豆腐MapoTofu(SautéedTofuinHotandSpicySauce)红烧狮子头stewedporkballinbrownsauce大盘鸡braisedchickenwithpotatoandgreenpepper夫妻肺片porklungsinchilisauceIn-classActivityWorkoutaChinesemenuforyourrestaurant(ItisaChineserestaurant;themenucanbeanyoracombinationofoureightfamouscuisines;workinteam)ExchangeyourmenuwithanotherteamandtranslatetheirmenuintoEnglish
本文标题:菜名翻译
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