六年级-比较级与最高级的用法

课前准备：检查学生掌握单词情况（听写）一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则1．一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est；（1）单音节词如：small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortesttall→taller→tallestgreat→greater→greatest（2）双音节词如：clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest2．以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；如：large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicestable→abler→ablest3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviestbusy→busier→busiesthappy→happier→happiest5．其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most；如：beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautifuldifferent→moredifferent→mostdifferenteasily→moreeasily→mosteasily注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用。例句：TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.（2）形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示非常。Itisamostimportantproblem.=Itisaveryimportantproblem.6．有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。如：good→better→bestwell→better→bestbad→worse→worstill→worse→worstold→older/elder→oldest/eldestmany/much→more→mostlittle→less→leastfar→further/farther→furthest/farthest词形变换。比较级最高级large____________________________________fast____________________________________easy____________________________________wet____________________________________good____________________________________important____________________________________well_____________________________________bad____________________________________many____________________________________little____________________________________far____________________________________strong____________________________________patient____________________________________safe____________________________________expensive____________________________________二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的句子公式：比较级形容词物体A+am/are/is+形比+than+物体B.Iamtallerthanyou.Pastaismoredeliciousthanpizza.副词物体A+行为动词+副比+than+物体B.Cheetahsrunfasterthangoats.Hestudiesbetterthanme.最高级1）物体A+am/are/is+the+形最高级+比较范围（of+人/物，in+地方）.Iamthetallestintheclass.Pastaisthemostdeliciousfoodofthethree.2）物体A+行为动词+副词最高级+比较范围（of+人/物，in+地方）.Cheetahsrunfastestintheworld.Hestudiesbestofus.1.Sheis________than________.A.busier/usB.busier/weC.morebusy/usD.morebusy/we2.Janeis________thanBetty.A.lesstallerB.lesstallestC.lesstallD.notastall3.Chinais________countryintheworld.A.thethirdlargestB.thelargestthirdC.thethirdlargeD.athirdlargest4.-Whichis____seasoninBeijing?-Ithinkit'sautumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest5．-Whichis__________,thesun,themoonortheearth?--Ofcourse,themoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest6.TheairinBeijingisgettingmuch_____nowthanafewyearsago.A.cleanB.cleanerC.cleanestD.thecleanest7.Mobilephonesareverypopularnowandtheyare_____thanbefore.A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD.thecheapest8．IstudyEnglishas_______asmybrother.A.hardB.harderC.hardest9.Whichis_____,abicycleoracomputer?A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.themostexpensive10.TheYellowRiverisoneof______riversinChina.AlongBlongerCthelongest11.Sheisthesecond_______studentinourclass.A.tallB.tallerC.tallest用括号里的词的适当形式填空。1.Tomcanjump_______(high).Hejumps_______(high)thantheotherboysinhisclass.2.Janetsing_______(well)inherclass.Shecansing______(well)thanhermusicteacher,too.3.Myfatheris______(handsome).Butmybrotheris________(handsome)thanhim.Heis______(handsome)inmyfamily.4.Ihave______(many)booksinmyclass.Butmyteacherhas_____(many)booksthan____(I).5.______(they)houseismuch______(old)than______(we).三、形容词和副词比较级的用法1．“A+be+形容词比较级+than+B”意思为“A比B更……”。如：Thistreeistallerthanthatone.这棵树比那棵树高。注意：①在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。②在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。如：Awatermelonismuchbiggerthananapple.③very,quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。2．“比较级+and+比较级”或“moreandmore+原级”表示“越来越……”如：Itbecomeswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。Itisgettingcoolerandcooler.天气越来越凉爽。Thewindbecamemoreandmoreheavily.风变得越来越大。Ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。3．在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Whoistaller,TimorTom?谁更高，Tim还是Tom?4.“the+比较级……,the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。Themoremoneyyoumake,themoreyouspend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。Thesooner，thebetter.越快越好。5.表示倍数的比较级用法：①.Ais…timesthesize/height/length/widthofB.如：Thenewbuildingisthreetimestheheightoftheoldone.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)②.Ais…timesasbig/high/long/wide/largeasB.如：AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)③.Ais…timeslarger/higher/longer/widerthanB.如：Ourschoolistwicebiggerthanyours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：ofthethree,inourclass等等。如：Heisthetallestinourclass.他在我们班里是最高的。7.否定词语+比较级，否定词语+so…as结构表示最高级含义。Nothingissoeasyasthis.=Nothingiseasierthanthis.=Thisistheeasiestthing.8.比较级与最高级的转换：Mikeisthemostintelligentinhisclass.Mikeismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentinhisclass注意：修饰比较级和最高级的词1）可修饰比较级的词①.abit,alittle,rather,much,far,byfar,many,alot,lots,agreatdeal,any,still,even等。②.还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。③.以上词(除byfar)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。(错)Tomisthetallestofhisthreebrothers.(对)Tomisthetallestofthethreebrothers.2)下列词可修饰最高级：byfar,far,much,mostly,almost。Thishatisnearly/almostthebiggest.注意：a.very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。Thisistheverybest.Thisismuchthebe