比较级和最高级的用法

ComparativesandSuperlatives比较级和最高级一、形容词比较级和最高级的规则原级比较级最高级一般在词尾加-er/ə/或-est/ist/coldcoldercoldestfastfasterfastest以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r或-stnicenicernicestlargelargerlargest以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这个辅音字母；再加-es或-estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-esteasyeasiereasiestearlyearlierearliest在词前加more或mostseriousmoreseriousmostseriousinterestingmoreinterestingMostinteresting其它不规则的变化：原形比较级最高级Good/wellbetterbestBad/illworseWorstMany/muchmoreMostlittlelessLeastfarfartherfarthest二、形容词比较级基本用法1、定义：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较……”或“更……一些”。标志词：than(比）eg:Catsaremorelovelythanotheranimals.2、与than搭配的词语形式（1）名词/代词Heisolderthanme.(2)动名词/从句Skiingismoreexcitingthanskating.(3)状语/动词/形容词3、形容词/副词比较级前的修饰语（1）much/alot/abit/alittle/slightlySheisfeelingalot/muchbettertoday.(2)any/no/even/some/stillDoyoufeelanybettertoday?Sheisnoolderthanmike.(3)数词Mysisteristenyearsyoungerthanme.4、比较级的特殊搭配1)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”eg:Hebecomesfatterandfatter.他越来越胖了。2)“The+比较级…，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”eg：Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels他越忙就越高兴。Themore,thebetter.3)表示两者中”较……“时，用the+形容词比较级+of短语来表达。eg:Heisthetallerofthetwo.4)themore…themore…heharderyouworker,thegreateryouwillmake.5)moreBthanA=lessAthanBHeismorelazythanslowathiswork=heislessslowthanlazyathiswork.6)notsomuch…as…与其说不如是7)no/notanymore…than…两个都不（neither）No/notanyless…than…8)Morethan不仅仅是Lessthan不到Nolessthan不少于9)moreorless差不多Theworkismoreorlessfinished.10)As+形容词/副词原级+as…(与…一样）notas(so)…as（与…不一样）中间用原级。eg:Thestoryisasinterestingasthatone.11)表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语，放在as的前面Shecanreadtwiceasfastasyoudo.12)1、比较级与最高级可以转换，意思不变。如：SheistallerthananyothergirlinClass5.SheisthetallestgirlinClass5.2、当某一事物与其它事物作比较时，被比较事物中不能包括本身。如：ShanghaiislargerthananycityinHubei.3、如果比较对象相同，可用that\those代替第二个比较对象。如：TheweatherinShanghaiisbetterthanthatinWuhan.4、如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词.eg:Hisshirtismoreexpensivethanmine.三、最高级的用法1、定义：三个或三个以上的人或物之间的比较。表示“最……”的意思。2、常见用法：the+最高级+比较范围”结构。TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.3、标志词：(1)in+大范围,(2)over(3)among(4)ofall,of+the+具体的数字4、特殊用法（1）序数词通常只修饰最高级Canadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.（2）最高级的意义有时能用比较级表示出来比较级+than+anyother+单数名词（有other强调在同一范围之内）①Heisheavierthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=Heistheheavieststudentinhisclass.Mikeisthemostintelligentinhisclass.=Mikeismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentsinhisclass.(3)（4）不用比较级和最高级的形容词注意：在一定的上下文中，形容词最高级后面的名词可省去处eg:Heistheyoungestintheclass.6.当形容词最高级有形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，最高级前的定冠词the省略。e.g.Lindaismysister’sbestfriend.练一练一、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级1.old______________2.busy___________________3.thin________________4.many___________________5.slow_______________6.delicious__________________二、选择正确的答案1.Bobneverdoeshishomework_____Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulasB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulas2.Nowairinourtownis____thanitusedtobe.Somethingmustbedonetoit.A.verygoodB.muchbetterC.ratherthanD.evenworse3.Ifeel__betterthanyesterday.A.moreB.veryC.muchD.far4.Chinahasalargepopulation人口than__intheworld.A.allthecountriesB.everycountryC.anycountryD.anyothercountry7.Thisringlooks__and__sells__.A.well,wellB.good,niceC.nice,goodD.nice,well10.Ididn’tgoshoppingyesterday.Hedidn’t__.A.soB.eitherC.tooC.neither11.___deliciousthefoodis!A.HowB.howaC.WhatD.Whata12.Whatanimaldolike___?Ilikeallkindsofanimals.A.betterB.bestC.veryD.well13.Hainanisaverylargeisland岛屿.It’sthesecond__islandinChina.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.mostlarge15.Ahorseis__thanadog.A.muchheavyB.moreheavierC.muchheavierD.moreheavy三.用所给词的恰当形式填空。1.Whichis_______(big),thesun,themoonortheearth?2.Whichis______(beautiful),theblackcoatortheblueone?3.Thismooncakeis____(cheap)ofall.4.Heis_______(strong)intheclass.(四)翻译句子：1．你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。Yourquestionis___________________oftwo.2．你游泳没有你弟弟好。Youcan’tswim_______________yourbrother.3．今天比昨天冷的多。Itis___________today______itwasyesterday.5．他比我大两岁。Heis_________________thanI.6所有铅笔中这支铅笔最长。Thepencilis_________________________.7、在学校里我们英语老师最忙。OurEnglishteacheris___________inourschool.8、这个问题太容易了，大家都能回答。Thequestionis_____________.Everyonecananswerit.9、黄河是中国第二长河。TheYellowRiveris__________________riverinChina.10、梅梅的帽子比苗苗的新。Meimei’shatis_____________________.