新编研究生综合英语教程UNIT6(潘海英)

新编研究生综合英语教程AdvancedEnglishforGraduateStudents:GeneralSkills&AcademicLiteracyUnitSIXMedicineTextAItDoesn’tHavetoBeSad:TheLifeofaHospicenurseTextBWhyRelativesDoNotDonateOrgansforTransplants:“Sacrifice”or“GiftofLife”Everyonemustexperiencebirth,growthanddeath.Lifeanddeath,asasensitivetopic,arousesdifferentfeelingsfromdifferentpeople.Formanydeathbringssadness,butothersthinkdeathisarenewaloflife.Nowadaysmanypeoplearemoreconcernedabouthowtoenjoyagoodanddecentdeaththanhowtoliveahappylife.Inthisunit,wewilltalkaboutlifeanddeath.Whenpeoplehearthewordhospice,theyusuallylinkittodeathanddying.Infact,hospiceisfocusedmoreaboutprovidingcare,comfortandsupporttopatientsduringtheirfinaldaysoflife.Hospicecareisactuallyend-of-PrefaceLifecare.Ateamofhealthcareprofessionalsandvolunteersprovidesit.Theygivemedical,psychological,andspiritualsupport.Thegoalofthecareistohelppeoplewhoaredyinghavepeace,comfort,anddignity.Thecaregiverstrytocontrolpainandothersymptomssoapersoncanremainasalertandcomfortableaspossible.Hospiceprogramsalsoprovideservicestosupportapatient’sfamily.Usually,ahospicepatientisexpectedtolive6monthsorless.Hospicecarecantakeplaceathome,atahospicecenter,inahospitalorinaskillednursingfacility.BackgroundInformationPre-readingQuestionsTextAItdoesn’thavetobesad:thelifeofaHospicenurseVocabularyExercisesTextAItdoesn’tHavetoBeSad:TheLifeofaHospiceNurseContents1.Informationabouttheauthors2.InformationabouthospicecareBackgroundInformationDianaK.Suggisanindependentwriterandprofessionaleditor.ShewonaPulitzerPrizein2003intheBeatReportingcategoryfor“CruelestMystery:DeathBeforeLife”.AsahealthreporterattheBaltimoreSun,DianaK.Snuggcoversabroadrangeofmedicaladvances,researchandhealthpolicy.Inhereightyearsatthepaper,Sugghaswonlocal,stateandnationalawards.Background1.Informationabouttheauthors9Hospicecareisatypeofcareandphilosophyofcarefocusingonthepalliationofaterminallyillorseriouslyillpatient'spainandsymptoms,andattendingtotheiremotionalandspiritualneeds.Theconceptofhospicehasbeenevolvingsincethe11thcentury.Then,andforcenturiesthereafter,hospiceswereplacesofhospitalityforthesick,wounded,ordying,aswellasthosefortravelersandpilgrims.Themodernconceptofhospiceincludespalliativecarefortheincurablyillgiveninsuchinstitutionsashospitalsornursinghomes,butalsocareprovidedtothosewhowouldratherspendtheirlastmonthsanddaysoflifeintheirownhomes.Itbegantoemergeinthe17thcentury,butmanyofthefoundationalprinciplesbywhichmodernhospiceservicesoperatewerepioneeredinthe1950sbyDameCicelySaunders.WithintheUnitedStatesthetermislargelydefinedbythepracticesoftheMedicaresystemandotherhealthinsuranceproviders,whichmakehospicecareavailable,eitherinaninpatientfacilityoratthepatient'shome,topatientswithaterminalprognosiswhoaremedicallycertifiedtohavelessthansixmonthstolive.Background2.InformationabouthospicecareOutsidetheUSA,thetermhospicetendstobeprimarilyassociatedwiththeparticularbuildingsorinstitutionsthatspecializeinsuchcare(althoughso-called“hospiceathome”servicesmayalsobeavailable).OutsidetheUSAsuchinstitutionsmaysimilarlyprovidecaremostlyinanend-of-lifesetting,buttheymayalsobeavailableforpatientswithotherspecificpalliativecareneeds.Hospicecarealsoinvolvesassistanceforpatients’familiestohelpthemcopewithwhatishappeningandprovidecareandsupporttokeepthepatientathome.Althoughthemovementhasmetwithsomeresistance,hospicehasrapidlyexpandedthroughtheUnitedKingdom,theUniteStatesandelsewhere.BackgroundQ1:Whatisthepurposeoflife?Howdoyouunderstandthemeaningoflife?Howdoyouthinkagoodlifeshouldbelived?Areyousatisfiedwithyourlife?Q2:Whatisyourattitudetowardsdeath?Andhowcanpeoplehaveadecentdeath?Pre-readingQuestionsQ3:Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkaremostimportantinadoctor/patientrelationship?Q4:Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheoldpeople?Q5:Ifyouknewyouweregoingtodie,wouldyouchoosehospicecare?Pre-readingQuestions•OrganizationoftheText•TextExplanation&TranslationTextAItdoesn’thavetobesad:ThelifeofahospicenurseMainIdeaPartOne:(Para.1-7)Thebriefintroductionofthehospicecare,thenurseJillCampbell,andherjob.PartTwo(Para.8-13)Itdevelopsaroundherjob,howshejugglescrisis,howmuchhelpthehospicecarecanprovidetothepatients.PartThree(Para.14-22)Itgivestheexactexample,LindaSchuberth,toshowJillCampbell’seffortandtheimportanceofthehospicecare.OrganizationoftheTextWhatdoesitfeelliketohelpdyingpatientsthroughtheirfinaldays?ExperienceitthroughtheeyesofhospicenurseJillCampbell,whodoesherjobwithgrace,compassion,andgratitude.1.Outside,it'snoisyonthisbusyblockofrowhousesinBaltimore.Butinsideonetidylivingroom,allisquietexceptforthesoundofawoman'sraspybreathing.Thepatientishuddledinaneasychairunderahandmadepink-and-blueafghan,aknitcaponherheadandbootiesonherfeet.Shehastroublestayingwarmthesedays.Hercancerhasreturnedwithavengeanceandshehasonlyafewweekstolife.TextAItDoesn’tHavetoBeSad:TheLifeofaHospiceNurse帮助即将离世的患者度过最后的时光会是怎样的感受呢？让我们借助吉尔·坎贝尔的所见经历这一切吧。吉尔·坎贝尔把优雅、同情和感激全然融入到工作中。1.在巴尔的摩的这个由联排房屋构成的繁忙街区，外面一片喧闹，但是在里面一间洁净的卧室里，除了只能听到一位女士刺耳的呼吸声之外，周围一片寂静。这位病人蜷缩在一把安乐椅上、身上盖着一条厚厚的手工制的粉蓝色毛毯、头上戴着一顶针织帽，脚上穿着一双软毛袜。这些天来这位病人一直没办法让