中考英语阅读理解解题技巧(广东版)

分析情况◦近四年广东中考英语阅读理解部分包括：阅读理解（A、B篇）和配对阅读（C篇）两部分。◦阅读理解考查的是学生掌握阅读材料的主旨大意的能力，以及对材料细节的理解和快速获取关键信息的能力。近四年省卷阅读理解题所涉及的内容丰富、题材广泛、主要包括广告、日常生活及科普知识等。选材多贴近学生的日常生活，富有时代感、交际性和教育意义。◦A篇短文一般是应用文，包括广告宣传、通知、标识辨认、书籍目录、学校新闻及图书馆通知等。这类文章具有较强的交际性和实用性，旨在考察考生在日常生活中运用、理解及处理信息的能力。短文内容浅显易懂，有效信息简洁明了，考生只要锁定关键词，仔细寻找原文有效信息，基本上能直接从原文中找到答案。◦B篇短文与A篇相比，文章问题有明显的变化，一般属于叙事类或说明类文章。虽然文章问题发生变化，但文章的难度并没有增加很多。考生只要认真阅读，配以一定的阅读技巧，对全文有宏观的理解把握，就可以从题目中提炼出关键词，并在原文中精确定位，集中精读，即可得出正确答案。◦C篇是广告信息匹配题，其阅读理解中篇幅最长，考察难度稍大的部分。而且选项中会出现一项干扰项，因此考生需要通读题目及选项，在整体上把握每道题的中心，再进行广告信息的匹配。近四年广东省卷阅读理解的统计与分析事实细节猜测词义推理判断概括主旨/题目数学计算2011A篇：40100B篇：112102012A篇：20201B篇：21012013A篇：50000B篇：310102014A篇：30200B篇：21110近四年省卷阅读理解的统计与分析◦C篇：技巧：划出左栏的关键字，一一与右栏的内容配对，找出最符合的答案。年份内容2011根据宠物启事，寻找自家的宠物2012根据病人的健康问题，选择合适的专科医生2013根据每个人的需求，选择合适的商品。2014根据每个人的兴趣描述，选择适合的网站主旨大意型事实细节型词义猜测型命题类有关阅读理解题目主要有以下四种:推理判断型一、主旨大意题（除法干扰项）干扰项1可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。干扰项2可能属从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。干扰项3可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。这类题型的正确答案，一般来说不会在文中直接找到，需要根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。但在选项中也不免出现一些干扰项，例如：1)Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus?2)Whichofthefollowingcansummar-izethemainideaofthistext?3)Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?4)Whichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?6)What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:例题：Fifty-threeyearsagoBarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90%ofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent(现在).Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetitionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cometolifethirteenyearsago.Shelookedmoreliketoday’spopstarswithheavymakeup(浓妆)andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindofclothestoo.ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls.“Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfun.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,”saysVeraShepherd,ashopassitantinaNewYorktoystore.Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket.BarbieisstillNo.1.althoughMttelissellingferwerBarbiesintheUnitedStatesthreeyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingup.inJanuary2009,MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.MattelisplanningbigcelebrationforBarbie's53rdbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopuplarintheworldoftoydolls?Itishardtosay,but53issurelynottheagetoretire(退休)。1、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.FirstBarbieShopinShanghaiB.Barbie’sPastandpresentC.Barbie’s53rdBirthdayPartyD.BarbieLostHerMagic技巧：1、先了解文章的主要意思，大概是说了什么事情。2、根据每段的段落大意（开头前面几句），总结归纳文章的主旨3、利用排除法，排除掉干扰项例题：Fifty-threeyearsagoBarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90%ofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent(现在).Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetiotionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cometolifethirteenyearsago.Shelookedmoreliketoday’spopstarswithheavymakeup(浓妆)andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindofclothestoo.ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls.“Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfun.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,”saysVeraShepherd,ashopassitantinaNewYorktoystore.干扰项3Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket.BarbieisstillNo.1.althoughMttelissellingferwerBarbiesintheUnitedStatesthreeyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingup.inJanuary2009,MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.MattelisplanningbigcelebrationforBarbie's53rdbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopuplarintheworldoftoydolls?Itishardtosay,but53issurelynottheagetoretire(退休)。干扰项1干扰项2文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由；有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。提问的特殊疑问词常有：what,who,which,where,how,why等。事实细节型解题原则：忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。1）Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?2）Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?3）Theauthor(orthepassage)statesthat___.4）Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)___?在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：例题2.Barbie’sfamilynameis______.A.RobertsB.millicentC.ShepherdD.Bratz3.Barbie’stroubleisthat__________.A.itwearsheavymakeupandminiskirts.B.otherdollsaremorepopularwithlittlegirls.C.otherdollsaretryingtobeatherinthemarket.D.ithasbecomelesspopularintheinternationalmarket.例题：Fifty-threeyearsagoBarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90%ofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent(现在).Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetitionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cometolifethirteenyearsago.Shelookedmoreliketoday’spopstarswithheavymakeup(浓妆