大空间火灾监控系统-建筑类毕业论文

XXXX大学本科毕业设计·论文IXXXXXXX学院毕业设计题目姓名学号专业班级分院指导教师20XX年XX月XX日XXXX大学本科毕业设计·论文II摘要大空间火灾监控系统主要应用于各种大型建筑及其它公共设施中，实现对这些场所早期的报警功能，达到预期的目的。这种火灾监控系统是一个集信号检测、传输、处理和控制与一体的控制系统。该系统采用DALLAS公司研制、生产的智能型DS18B20温度传感器，以及MQ-2烟雾传感器模块作为探测器，将探测器所检测到的能充分反映现场火灾因素采集到火灾控制器，经过火灾控制器根据预期设计好的火灾模式判断，实现对火灾早期的准确报警和对相应的现场消防设备的联动控制。为了适应不同规模的工程的应用，便于信息的远程传输和系统的安装、维护，该系统采用模块化结构，应用多种标准串行总线（如RS-485等）形成一个网络系统。在这个网络系统中，探测器完成对火灾信号的检测，然后数据传输到火灾控制器。同时，每个控制器可以通过RS-485总线将相应的报警信息传给位于各个位置的下位机，从而形成一个完整的防火、早期灭火局域网。关键词：火灾监控系统；传感器；模块化结构；局域网XXXX大学本科毕业设计·论文IIIAbstract：Largespacefiremonitoringsystemismainlyusedinvariouslargebuildingsandotherpublicfacilities,whichaimstoachievetheintendedpurposeofgettingearlywarningfunctionofthesesites.Thefiremonitoringsystemisacontrolsystemwhichiscombinedwithfunctionsofsignaldetection,transmission,processing,andcontrolandintegrated.ThedetectorofthissystemisDS18b20andsmokedetectorMQ-2sensormodule,theformerisdevelopedbyDALLASCompany,itisaintelligenttemperaturesensore.thebothdetectorscollectfactorswhichtheydetectandcouldreflectthefirescene,andthentransmittothefirecontroller.Afterreceivingthemessagefromthebothdetectors,firecontrollerdoestheaccurateearlywarningoffireandcontrolstherelevantscenefirefightingapparatuswiththereferenceoftheexpectedfiremodes.Inordertoadapttotheapplicationofdifferentscaleofprojects,tofacilitateremotetransmissionofinformationandsysteminstallationandmaintenance,thesystemisformedasanetworksystembyusingmodularstructureandtheapplicationofavarietyofstandardserialbus(e.g.RS-485,ect).inthisnetworksystem,thedetectorsdetectthefire,andthefiremessageistransferredtothefirecontroller,everylowercomputergetsthewarningmessagefromhomologouscontrollerthroughRS-485busatthesametime,inthisway,anetworkwhichcanpreventfireanddotheearlywarningoffireisbuilt.Keywords：Firesupervisorysystem；Firecontroller；Mainline；LocalareanetworkXXXX大学本科毕业设计·论文IV目录摘要........................................................................................................................................................IAbstract..................................................................................................................................................III1绪论....................................................................................................................................................11.1火灾报警控制系统发展历史....................................................................................................11.2系统主要结构和功能................................................................................................................22方案论证............................................................................................................................................42.1火灾监控系统设计方案............................................................................................................42.2火灾监控系统方案论证............................................................................................................43系统硬件电路的设计.........................................................................................................................63.1中央处理器——STC89C51......................................................................................................63.1.1STC89C51RC/RD+系列单片机......................................................................................63.1.2STC89C51RC/RD+系列单片机的内部结构...................................................................73.2STC89C51单片机最小系统......................................................................................................83.3下位机输入通道元器件选择....................................................................................................83.3.1传感器选择......................................................................................................................83.3.2A/D转换器选择............................................................................................................103.3.3下位机数据采集系统设计............................................................................................123.4键盘/显示接口电路设计.........................................................................................................133.5报警电路设计..........................................................................................................................143.6电源电路设计..........................................................................................................................153.6.1+5V3A直流稳压电路原理...........................................................................................153.6.2+5V3A直流稳压电路参数设计...................................................................................164系统软件设计..................................................................................................................................184.1主机程序流程图......................................................................................................................184.1.1DS18B20子程序流程图...............................................................................................194.1.2MQ-2烟雾传