初三英语宾语从句讲解、练习

1一、预备知识：试翻译下列句子：1.你好吗？2.今天天气怎么样？3.你住哪里？4.你什么时候出生的？5.你今天为什么迟到?6.你的英语老师是谁？7.你有几把尺子？8.你在几年级几班？通过以上的8个句子可以发现规律：把下列句子变为一般疑问句：1.Hecanplaythedrum.2.Iwouldliketoseeafilmtonight.3.Hehasbeentothelibrarytwice.4.Theyareworkers.请把下列句子改为陈述句：1.Doyouwanttogotoamovie?2.Didyoufinishyourhomework?3.DoessheliveinShanghai?4.Canheworkoutthemathproblem?二、考点、热点回顾（一）宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.（二）宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.2CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.（三）宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句可以使用适合的任何时态。如：Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.三、典型例题【中考链接】1.YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme________?A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit2.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_____IcangettotheSpaceMuseum?--Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.A.whereB.howC.ifD.why3.—Doyouknow________thenewmobilephonelastweek?--Maybe900yuan.I’mnotquitesure.A.howmuchshepaidforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayfor4.MichaelJordanhasfailedoverandoveragaininhislife.Andthat’s____hesucceeds.A.whatB.whenC.whyD.where5.AliceinWonderlandisafantasticmovie.It’sabout______.A.howdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterror（恐怖统治）B.whatdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterrorC.howAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterrorD.whatAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterror6.—Doyouknow________thegirlinredis?—I’mnotsure.Maybeateacher.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what7.—Whatdidyourparentsthankaboutyourdecision?--Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.A.whenB.thatC.howD.what8.Iwanttoknow________.A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairport3C.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat9.--Wouldyoupleasetellme__________?--At10:00thisevening.A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleave10.—Couldyoutellme________?--FillinthisformandIwillgiveyouacard.A.howIcanmeetCathyB.whereIcanmeetCathyC.whenIcanmeetCathy11.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how12.-Tommy,doyouknowifFrank________tothezoothisSundayifit________?-Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.willgo;isfineB.goes;isfineC.willgo;isgoingtobefineD.goes;willbefine13.Noonecanbesure_________inamillionyears.A.whatmanlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike14.Suetoldmethatshe_________shoppingwithhersisterthenextday.A.willgoB.wouldgoC.goesD.hasgone15.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow.Iwonder_________.A.howmuchitcostB.howmuchdiditcostC.howmuchitcostsD.howmuchdoesitcost16.-Whendoyouthink_________?-Abouthalfpastfive.Iwillpickhimupattheairport.A.hewillcomeB.willhecomeC.didhecomeD.hecame17.Ourteachertoldusthesun________intheeast.A.riseB.roseC.risingD.rises18.--Listen!Itisstillnoisyintheheadteacher’soffice.-Goandsee________theyhavefinishedcorrectingthepapersyet.A.thoughB.whetherC.unlessD.while19.-WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?-Sorry.Idon’tknow________.A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroadC.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad20.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how四、习题练习1.Doyouknow_______duringthecomingsummerholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid2.Iwanttoknow_________.4A.whatishisnameB.what’shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis3.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which4.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.A.whichisthewaytothemuseumB.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshoppingC.whatisthewaytothemuseumD.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping5.---Couldyoutellme______sheislookingfor?A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which6.Mr.Kingdidn’tknow_______yesterdayevening.A.whendoeshissoncomehomeB.whenhissoncomeshomeC.whendidhissoncomehomeD.whenhissoncamehome7.Couldyoutellme_______thebikethismorning?A.howdoeshemendB.howhemendsC.howhemendedD.howdidhemend8.---I’mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow________itwillarrive?---Usuallyitcomesby4:00.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what9.---Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme________?---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It’snexttoahospital.A.howwecangettothepostofficeB.howcanwegettothepostofficeC.howgettothepostofficeD.howcouldwegettothepostoffice10.---CanIhelpyou?---Yes.I’dlikeatickettoMount