基于51单片机控制的点阵LED电子显示屏设计

摘要单片微型计算机，简称单片机。1971年Intel公司的霍夫研制成功世界上第一块4位微处理芯片Intel4004，标志着第一代微处理器问世，微处理器和微机时代从此开始。单片机一种集成在电路芯片，是采用超大规模集成电路技术把具有数据处理能力的中央处理器CPU、随机存储器RAM、只读存储器ROM、多种I/O口和中断系统、定时器/计时器等功能集成到一块硅片上构成的一个小而完善的计算机系统。LED，发光二极管，是一种能够将电能转化为可见光的固态的半导体器件，它改变了白炽灯钨丝发光与节能灯三基色粉发光的原理，而采用电场发光。LED点阵显示屏是利用发光二极管点阵模块或像素单元组成的平面式显示屏幕。它具有发光效率高、使用寿命长、组态灵活、色彩丰富以及对室内外环境适应能力强等优点。利用不同的材料可以制造不同色彩的LED像素点。目前应用最广的是红色、绿色、黄色。LED点阵显示屏可以显示汉字、数字或特殊符号，通常用来显示时间、速度、系统状态等。本设计给出了一基于MCS-51系列单片机的16×16点阵LED显示屏的设计方案。包括系统具体的硬件设计方案，软件流程图和部分C语言程序等方面。在负载范围内,只需通过简单的级联就可以对显示屏进行扩展，是一种成本低廉的图文显示方案。本设计主要以AT89C51单片机为核心，采用串行传输、动态扫描技术，来制作的一款拥有多功能的模块化16×16LED点阵的多功能显示屏。关键词：C51单片机；LED点阵；驱动电路武汉工程大学邮电与信息工程学院毕业设计（论文）AbstractTheSCMisshortforthesinglechipmicrocomputer,whichalsocalledmicrocontroller.1971Intelcompanysuccessfullydevelopedtheworld'sfirstfourbitmicroprocessingchip----theIntel4004，whichmarkingthefirstgenerationofmicroprocessorwasborn,microprocessorandmicrocomputererabegins.SCMinanintegratedcircuitchips,istouseverylargescaleintegratedcircuittechnologyintegratestheCPUthathasabilityofdataprocessing,RAMROMandvarietyofI/Oportandinterruptsystem,timer/calculagraphfunctionintegratedapieceofsiliconchipstoconstitutessuchasasmallandofperfectcomputersystem.LED,light-emittingdiodes,isakindofconvertingelectricpowerintothevisiblesolidsemiconductordevices,ithaschangedtheprincipleofincandescentlightglowbytungstenfilamentandenergy-savinglampsusestriphoshorpowders,andadopttheprincipleofglowingelectricglow.LEDscreenisusinglight-emittingdiodeslatticemodulesorpixelunitcomposedofaflatdisplayscreen.Ithashighluminousefficiency,longservicelife,configureflexibly,richcolorandforindoorandoutdoorenvironmentadaptiveness,etc.UsedifferentmaterialscanbemadeofdifferentcolorsLEDpixel.Atpresentthemostwidelyisred,green,yellow.LEDscreencandisplaycharacters,Numbers,orspecialsymbols,usuallyusedtodisplaythetime,speed,thesystemstate,etc.ItgivesadesignbasedonMCS-51seriesmicrocontrollercontrollerthe16×16latticeLEDdisplaydesign.IncludingsystemdesignschemeofconcretehardwareandsoftwareflowchartandpartClanguageprogram,etc.Inloadrange,justthroughthesimplecascadecanexpandonscreen,isalow-costgraphicdisplaysolutions.ThisdesignmainlybyAT89C51singlechipcomputerasthecore,andadoptingtheserialstransmission,dynamicscanningtechnologytocreateoneofthemodularmulti-function16×16latticeLEDscreen.KeyWords:MCS-51SCM(singlechipmicrocomputer)；LatticeOfLED(light-emitting武汉工程大学邮电与信息工程学院毕业设计（论文）diodes)；drivecircuit1目录第1章绪论.........................................................................................................................11.1单片机的发展史.................................................................................................11.2单片机的发展趋势.............................................................................................1第2章8051单片机的体系结构.........................................................................................42.1单片机基本内部资源.........................................................................................52.2储存组织.............................................................................................................72.3单片机系统外围电路.........................................................................................8第3章LED电路..............................................................................................................103.1LED简介..........................................................................................................103.216×16点阵LED原理及应用..........................................................................113.3LED点阵的显示文字图形原理......................................................................123.4驱动方式...........................................................................................................153.5点阵的移动.......................................................................................................17第4章系统总体方案.......................................................................................................21第5章仿真与调试...........................................................................................................235.1Proteus的基本性能概述..................................................................................235.2Proteus仿真要求..............................................................................................235.3Proteus仿真步骤..............................................................................................235.4Proteus仿真结果..............................................................................................265.5仿真问题与解决...............................................................................................27第6章总结与展望...........................................................................................................28参考文献.............................................................................................................................29致谢........................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。附录..................................