【名师面对面】2015中考英语总复习 第40讲 定语从句课件 外研版

英语第40讲定语从句【真题体验】1．—Doyouknowthegirl__A__istalkingwithourteacher?—Oh，she'smysister.(2014，滨州)A．whoB．whoseC．whomD．where2．AfterMandelawasfree(自由的)in1990，hechosetoshakehandswiththepeople__D__wantedtokillhim.(2014，临沂)A．whoseB．whichC．/D．who3．—Inatextmessage，88meansByebye.(2014，黄冈)—AndanotherexampleisF2F__A__standsforfacetoface.A．thatB．whoC．whomD．it4．Ireallylikethephotoofmyfamily__A__mysistertookinthecityparklastyear.(2014，绍兴)A．whichB．whoC．whatD．whom【考点梳理】中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在定语从句的功能、结构和关系词的用法上，重点考查由that，which，who引导的定语从句。高频考点一定语从句的关系词定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或关系副词when，where，why等引导。1．who，whom，that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou？他是想见你的那个人吗？Heistheman(who/whom/that)Isawyesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。2．which，that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Marylikesmusicthat/whichisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。Thecoat(that/which)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放在桌子上的外套是蓝色的。3．whose用来指人或物，只用作定语。如：Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。4．关系副词有when，where，why，它们在句中作状语。如：I'llneverforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。Thisisthecitywheremyfatherworkedtenyearsago.这是我爸爸十年前工作的城市。Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？【例1】Doyouknowtheman__C_istalkingtoMissWu？(2014，广州)A．heB．whomC．whoD．which点拨：先行词是theman，指人，且在从句中作主语，故应用who来引导。【例2】Pleasepassmethecartoonbook__D_hasaMickeyMouseonthecover.A．whomB．whoseC．whoD．which点拨：先行词是book，指物，因此关系词用which。【例3】Thisistheprimaryschool_A_Istudiedthreeyearsago.A．whereB．whenC．thatD．which点拨：先行词school在定语从句中作studied的地点状语。1．当先行词前被形容词最高级修饰时。如：ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.这是我所看过的足球赛中最激烈的一场。2．当先行词前有一个序数词修饰时。如：Thefirstthingthatyoucoulddowastoturnoffthelight.你首先要做的就是关灯。3．先行词为all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much，none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如：AllthatwehavetodoforourstudentsistotellthemhowtospeakEnglishinclass.我们为学生所要做的事情就是告诉他们如何在课堂上说英语。I'mgoingtobuyeverythingthatIneed.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。4．当先行词前面有only，all，any，no等词修饰时。如：That'sallthatIwanttosay.这就是我想说的全部。5．当并列的先行词分别表示人和物时。如：Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.他们谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。【例4】ThePalaceMuseumisthebestplace_A_I'veevervisited.(2013，十堰)A．thatB．whichC．whereD．what点拨：在先行词place前有形容词最高级best修饰，关系词只能用that。【例5】“Underground”istheonlywordintheEnglishlanguage__B__beginsandendswiththeletters“und.”(2014，河南)A．whatB．thatC．whoD．whom点拨：句意为“‘underground’是英语这种语言中唯一一个以‘und’开头和结尾的单词。”定语从句的先行词是“theonlyword”，当先行词有only修饰时，从句应用that引导。高频考点三关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况1．当先行词为all，any或其合成词或afew且指人时。如：Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。2．先行词为that，this，those或these且指人时。如：Thosewhohadn'tboughttheticketsforthetraincrowdedinthewaitinghall.那些还没买着票的人拥挤在候车厅里。3．当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时，在口语中用who或whom引导均可，但如直接位于介词后作宾语时，只能用whom。如：Theguest(who/whom)I'llfirstintroducetoyouisalittlegirl.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘。Imetafewfriendsofmine，amongwhomwasmyoldclassmate.我遇见几位朋友，其中一位是我的老同学。【例6】Successwillbelongtothose_C_neversay“impossible”．A．whomB．whatC．whoD．which点拨：先行词those，故关系代词用who。1．—Whatareyoulookingfor？(2014，德州)—I'mlookingfortheCDaboutEXO__A__Iboughtyesterday.A．thatB．whoC．whoseD．when2．Heisunlikelytofindtheschool__A__hetaught50yearsago.(2014，枣庄)A．whereB．whenC．howD．why3．WhensomeChinesewomenweredancingtoloudmusicinaparkinNewYork，thepeople__A__livednearbycalledthepolice.(2014，东营)A．whoB．whomC．whoseD．which4．People__D__overweightneedmorewaterthanthinpeople.(2014，呼和浩特)A．whoisB．whichareC．thatisD．whoare5．—HaveyouseenthedocumentarynamedABiteofChina?—Yeah！It'sthemostfunnyone__A__Ihaveeverseen.(2014，咸宁)A．thatB．whatC．whichD．where6．—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I'mlookingforthewatch__A__Iboughtyesterday.(2013，长沙)A．whichB．whoC．whoseD．where7．Lilydoesn'tknow__D__sheandherfriendscandotohelpthelittleboy________parentshavelefttheirhometownformakingmoney.(2013，兰州)A．that；thoseB．how；whoC．what；whoD．what；whose8．Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers__C__IvisitedinLondonyearsago.(2013，安徽)A．whatB．whoC．thatD．which9．Afriendissomeone__A__says，“What！Youtoo？IthoughtIwastheonlyone！”(2013，河南)A．whoB．whichC．whatD．whose10．—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?—Ilikemusic__D__Icandanceto.(2013，宜宾)A．becauseB．whenC．whoD．that11．I'llneverforgetthelesson__B__lastyear.(2013，三亚)A．thatIlearnB．thatIlearnedC．whatIlearnD．whatIlearned12．Sheisthegirl__D__inventiongotthefirstprizeintheschoolcompetition.(2013，荆州)A．whoB．thatC．whichD．whose13．OneofthemostinterestingplacesinYangzhou__C__areoftenvisitedbyforeignersistheWestLake.A．whatB．whoC．thatD．/14．I'llneverforgettheday__C__thegreatscientistcametoourschoolandgaveusaspeech.A．thatB．whichC．whenD．where15．—Doyouknowthekidwith__D__Bobistalkingoverthere?—Yes，it'smycousin.A．whoB．thatC．不填D．whom16．MrSmith__B__issmokingislookingfor________helostyesterday.A．whom；whichB．who；whatC．that；whoD．which；where