高考英语完形填空题型解码

选校网．四个同义词、近义词或词组。四个选项的词义基本相同或相近，如：idea，view，suggestion，opinion等都表示“观点”的意思。2．四个同一范畴的词或词组。四个选项的词义既不相反也不相同，但同属于一个范畴，如：bread，sandwich，hamburger，cake都是表示“食品”的名词。3．四个意义相对独立的词或词组。四个选项的词义既不相反也不相同，也不属于一个范畴，如：eat，take,run,cry。4．意义相同或相反词义混杂的词或词组。四个选项中出现相同或相反的现象，如：troubles,difficulties,pleasure,ease(其中，troubles和difficulties意思相同，但它们与ease意义相同，但它们与ease意义相反，而pleasure的意思又和ease不相干)完形填空解题绝招补空阅读方法：(1)在阅读短文之前，先扫一眼20个选项，随手在同义词、近义词或同范畴的词的选项上做上记号(这个工作大约花1--2分钟)。(2)在阅读的过程中，遇到做记号的同义词或近义词选项就按自己理解的方向随便挑一个选项补在空内，再继续往下阅读。记住：不要顾忌所挑的选项是否正确，因为此时只是“利用”而不是“确定”。(3)对同一范畴的选项要谨慎利用(视这类词在文章中的位置而定，如果它们处在文章的细节部分则可以大胆利用)。例1SheattendedthetestofTOEFLasamiddle-schoolstudentand42itwithagoodmark，whichshowsushergreat43inEngishlearning．()42．A．passedB．gotC．1earnedD．took()43．A．skillsB．talentC．mindD．experience例2Soitisfoolishfor46toextendtheirliving47bydestroyingor48animalsandplantslivingconditions．()46．A．peopleB．mankindC．humansD．persons()47．A．spaceB．placeC．roomD．area()48．A．reducingB．narrowingC．spendingD．destroying对付四个同义词、近义词或同一范畴词的招数在完形填空题中用同义词、近义词、同一范畴的词以及四个意义相对独立的词或词组等来设置选项已在各类考试中成为趋势。2004年高考英语试题的完形填空20个选项中有10个空是属于这一类词。因此，掌握了破解这类选项的办法，解答完形填空便得心应手。第一招看涵盖，比大小在同义词或近义词中找答案，不能指望上下文里提供某个信息或证据来帮你。即便是有信息，这种信息一般也只出现在选项所在的句子里，所以对付这样的选项，“上下求索”只会浪费时问。四个选项的意思虽然相同或相近，但它们所涵盖的内容有大有小，考生可以根据情况加以选择。注意：从第一招开始至第六招，例题中只提供与本招数有关的答案，如不提供，旨在让读者在上下文信息不完整的状态下独立用该招数理解或完成该题。例l2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(辽宁卷)Scottandhisfourcompanionswereterriblydisappointed．WhentheygottotheSouthPole，theyfoundtheNorwegians(挪威人)had36themintheracetobethefirstevertoreachit．()36．A．hitB．foughtC．wonD．beaten(同一范畴的词)例22004年湖北省高考英语试题完形填空选校网．()37．A．affordedB．wantedC．allowedD．managed(同一范畴的词)例32003年高考英语试题完形填空Whenthegamefinallyended，bothofuswerelyingflatonourbacks，tootiredto54．()54．A．playB．startC．sleepD．move(同一范畴的词)例4WeconsiderthatMissZhou’s49toCanadaisveryimportantandnecessaryforourschoolto50toopenthecoursesofChina-CanadaDouble—RecordofFormalSchooling．()49．A．journeyB．tripC．tourD．travel(同义词)例5Firstofall，peopleshouldknowthattheWorldisformedbydifferent42includinghumanbeings．()42．A．animalsB．birdsC．creaturesD．plants(同一范畴的词)例6Icanspeaktothe44thatLinChenworkshardandhasagoodmethodinstudies．Sheisableto45independentlyandanalytically，…()45．A．writeB．thinkC．readD．speak(同一范畴的词)注意：不能把这一招理解成“谁的涵盖量最大就填谁”。根据需要选择是关键。例7Ithinktheskills(notadvice)forreadingcomprehensionshouldbebasedontheknowledgeofEnglish48．()48．A．speakingB．writingC．1earningD．1istening(同一范畴的词)例8Herquick47inclass，uniqueanswerstotheteachers’questionsandgoodunderstandingtothelessonsoften48thestudentstohavefurtherdiscussionsordebatesonthetext49．()47．A．actionsB．responsesC．speechesD．expressions(近义词)例92006年普通高等学校招生统一考试英语(湖北卷)MostofwhatsheknewaboutAmerican37wasfromthetextbooksshehadread．()37．A．wayB．1ifeC．educationD．spirit第一招看涵盖，比大小演练根据选项单词的涵盖量，结合句子意思，选择正确选项。(本完形填空练习不需要上下文的帮助)1．Chinesepeoplecalled——“yu”andtime“zhou”．A．placeB．starsC．thesunD．space2．Sopeoplefirsthavetoknowabouttheearthforabetter_____anddevelopment．A．familyB．jobC．1ivingD．1esson3．Humanswillhavetodevelopnewspacetoincreaseanddevelopmoresocial____．A．activitiesB．exercisesC．problemsD．discussions4．Anybodyrunningacompanyknowsthatawell—plannedmeetingcangreatlyhelpimprovetheperformanceofthat______．A．employmentB．jobsC．businessD．sale5．Yearsagowhilelyinginmyhammock(吊床)and____softdrinksfromthebottle，Ifelthappy．A．havingB．drinkingC．eatingD．making6．Bythis，studentsnotonlydisplaytheir____，butalsolearnandpracticeEnglishwithgreatfun．A．workB．planC．abilityD．exercise7．…butgivethemsomebackgroundin____andhistoryaswell．A．geographyB．cultureC．artsD．science8．Hesaysitisbyfarthe_____thinghehaseverdoneinhislife．A．bestB．easiestC．biggestD．greatest9．Mymotherremarriedshortlyafterwards，andthismanwasmydaduntil1wasnineteen．IcalledhimDadandusedhisnamea11through______．A．schoolB．1essonsC．classesD．terms10．Iamtwentynowandnolonger_____athome,…选校网．sleepingB．playingC．stayingD．living11．Thiswastheirlastexamthenontothe_____ceremonyandjobs．A．educationB．schoolC．graduationD．opening12．Withalltheystudiedduringthefouryearsofcollege，theyfeltreadyandabletoconquerthe________.A．nationsB．worldC．natureD．earth13．Therearestillmanythingsaboutthe_____youdon’tknow．A．classB．1essonC．unitD．subject14．Youwillallpassthiscourse，butremembereventhoughyouarenowcollegegraduatesyour_____hasjustbegun．A．educationB．jobC．careerD．course15．We，theIraqipeople，whohave____somuch，feelhelplesswhenweseethesethings.A．sufferedB．injuredC．diedD．wounded16．Inthelastthreemonths，therehavebeenseveralattacksinIraqcausingheavydamage.NotonlywereUStroops____，butalsoUNbuildingsandworkers.A．againstB．aimedC．targetedD．pointedat17．Suchishuman___，thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-c