高中英语考点精析精练动词(短文改错)

-1-命题点3动词本类考题解答锦囊1．看句子结构。英语中每个句子都有谓语，且由动词来担任，所以不能没有谓语或把其他词看作动词用作谓语，也不能把动词看为其它词。2．时态。特别要注意动词的过去式，及过去分词的拼写。3．语态，英语中有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态(takeplace，happen，Occur，beakout，breakfOnh，fall，rise，die，lie，appear为常见的不及物动词)。4．一致。包括与前面人称和数的一致及几个动词的结构一致。5．正确运用非谓语动词。6．不能错用动词。(如根据上下文的逻辑关系将这个动词改为它的反义词，go，arrive,open，borrow，take,sell依次改为come，1eave，close，lend／return，bring／bing,buy)。7．注意固定搭配。Ⅰ高考最新热门题1.(NMET20典型例题surethey'lllaughtometodothingsaswellasthem.命题目的与解题技巧：此题考查动词的用法。动词的考点主要涉及动词的意词，动词的词性，搭配，动词短语或短语动词，主谓一致，动词的时态语态，非谓语动词等。动词的用法灵活，不易掌握，在做此类题时，首先要研读题先找出信息词，理顺句意，再做判断。【答案】to→at．laughatsb“嘲笑某人”，固定搭配。2.(NMET20典型例题Sometimes,wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass.答案：talked→talk根据短文内容可判断出要用一般现在时。3.(NMET20典型例题uthisparentsthinkgotocollegeismoreimportantthanplayingsports.答案：go→going．此处应用动名词短语goingtocolledge作主语，与playingsports对比并且要结构形式相同。Ⅲ题点经典类型题1.(20典型例题)whenIspoketothem,theyoftenstareatmymouth.【答案】spoke→speak.根据文章意思及时态一致原则，应用一般现在时。2.(20典型例题合诊断)Instendofhelpinghimstandingup,LiPingshoutedattheoldmanangnily.答案：standing→stand.helpsbdosth帮助某人做某事。3.(20典型例题)Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakenpartindangenoussportsandactivities.答案：taken→taking．根据文章，应用一般现在时。4.(20典型例题模拟)Lookbackatmychildhoodexperience,Ithinkthatthreereasonsmighterplainthefear.答案：Look→Looking．现在分词短语用于独立主格结构。Ⅲ新高考命题探究1.动词时态(1)ThefilmbeganbeforeIarrived.答案：began改为hadbegum过去完成时，表示过去某一点之前已完成的动作。(2)WenevervisitedtheGreatWall.答案：never前加have．现在完成时，havenever．donesth．表示到目前为止从来没干某事(3)Hisbrotherhasjoinedinthe.armyforthreeyears.答案：joined改为been．join为非延续性动词，不与表示一段时间的状语连用。(4)Hurryup!Wemustgettherebeforethesunset.答案：set改为sets．before引导一个时间状语从时，用一般现在时表示将来。-2-(5)Hergrandmotherhasbeendiedfortwentyyears.答案：died改为dead．die是一个瞬间性动词。不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。(6)IshallletherknowitassoonasIshallmeether.答案：将第二个shall去掉。assoonas引导一个时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。(7)Idon'tthinkJimsawme;heisjuststaringintothesky.答案：is改为was．当时正在干某事，用过去进行时。(8)Youdosaythatyouwouldlendmesomemoneyyesterday.答案：do改为did．yesterday，说明用过去式。(9)Thepricehasgonedown,butIdoubtwhetheritremainso.答案：it后加will．根据句意：价格已经降下来了，但我怀疑它能否将保持目前这个样子。whether引导的宾语从句用将来时态。(10)Thebuildingwhichisnowbuiltnearmyschoolwillbeawell-equippedhospital.答案：now后加being．isbeingbuilt，正在被建设中的。2.动词语态(1)Thepricehasbroughtdownalot.答案：has后加been．bringdown为及物动词；意为“使……降下来”。根据句意应用被动语态。(2)Thisquestionmustworkedoutatonce.答案：must后加be此处需用被动语态。(3)TheSecondWorldWarwasbrokeoutin1939.答案：去掉was．breakout是不及物动词，无被动形式。(4)Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollectioncompleted.答案：completed改为iscompleted．根据句意。before从句应用被动结构。(5)Clenaingwomeninbigcitiesusuallygetpaybythehour.答案：pay改为paid．getpaid意为“获得报酬”。(6)Look!Thedogsaretrainedtohelptheblindtocrossroad.答案：are后加being．arebeingtrained，正被训练。(7)WearehopingthataconcertwillheldsoonatwhichtheworksofLisztwillplay.答案：will后加be.willbeheld将来时态的被动结构。(8)Inordertopreventthefirefromspreading,someofthehousesnearbyhadpulleddownbeforethefiremenarrived.答案：had后加been．hadbeenpulleddown，被动结构，过去完成时。(9)Itwasobviousthatthemanhadbeendrivingonthefreewayforalmostanhourwhenhetoldthathehadtocomeback.答案：第一个be后加was．根据句意，when引导的状语从句，应用被动语态。(10)Ilostandhadtoaskapolicemantheway.答案：I后加was或got．be／getlost意为“迷路”。3.非谓语动词(1)Itistimeharvestwheat.答案：time后加to．It'stimetodosth．是干某事的时候了。(2)Pleasetellmehowworkitout.答案：how后加to．how+不定式作宾语。(3)I'mthirsty.Getmesomethingtodrinking.答案：drinking改为drink不定式作定语。(4)Shewasmadefeedtwochidrenanddosomecleaning.-3-答案：made后力Dto．makesb．dosth．被动结构为bemadetodo．(5)Thatbookisworthreadtwice.答案：read改为reading．beworthdoing为固定搭配，“值得干……”(6)I'mlookingforwardtoseeyousoon.答案：see改为seeing．1ookforwardto中to为介词，后接名词或动名词。(7)Herfatherescapedkilledinthewar.答案：escaped后加being。escape后跟名词或动名词，表示逃脱、逃避，比如exepepunishment／beingpunished逃避惩罚。(8)OurEnglishteacherenjoyslistentomusic.答案：listen改为listening．enjoydoing喜欢干某事”，某些动词后习惯跟v—ing作宾语。(9)Mygrandfatherhasbeenusedtolivequietlyinthecountry.答案：live改为living．beusedtodoing固定用法，意为“习惯了干某事”。(10)Hesawthechidrenplayunderthetreewhenhecamebackfromwork答案：play改为playing．seesb.doingsth．为“看见某人正在干某事。”(11)Theroomisdrity.Itneedscleaned.答案：cleaned改为cleaning．need／want／require表示“需要”之意时，后跟v—ing．(12)Iheardhersingingtherelastnight.答案：singing改为sing．hearsb.dosth．“听见某人干了某事”，指干某事从头至尾的过程。(13)Losinginthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.答案：Losing改为Lost．1istimthought过去分词短语作状语，说明主语的状态。(14)HetriedtomakehimselfunderstandinEnglish.答案：understand改为understood．makeoneself+过去分词，分词与oneself之间是被动的关系。(15)Whoisthewomantalkwithourteacheroverthere?答案：talk改为talking．v—ing分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句：thatistalkingwith．．．(16)Theteachercamein,followedagroupofstudents.答案：followed改为following．认v—ing分词作方式状语，分词动作与主语是主动的关系。或followed后加by．v-ed分词与主语之间的被动关系。(17)Ourteacheraskedusnotbelateforclassagain.答案：not后加to．asksb．nottodosth．要求某人不要干某事。(18)Youwillsoonnoticethattheyhaveformedagroupmakingupofdoctorsandlawyers.答案：making改为made．makeupof．．．过去分词短语作定语，与被修饰词之间是被动关系。(19)Seatedhimselfinachair,Mr.Crossettbegantolookthroughtheeveningpaperandsuddenlyheheardaknockatthedoor.答案：Seated改Seating．seat为及物动词，认—ing与主句主语之间是主动关系，表伴随状况；可将himself去掉。v．—ed分词说明主语的状态。(20)IremainedpuzzlinglongafterIhadbeentoldthestory.答案：puzzling改为puzzled．remain为系动词，表示“人感到……”，用-ed形容词作表语。4.虚拟语气(1)How