高中英语语法复习之动词短语

add(1)Ifyouadd5to5,youget10.把…加到…上面Fiveaddedtofiveis/makes10.5and5makes/make10.(2)Thiswilladdtotrouble．增加(3)Hiswholeschooleducationaddeduptonomorethanoneyear．加起来总共Addupthenumbers，andyouwillget1155．agreesb.agreewith+sb./sb.’sopinion/what…同意某人意见sth.agreewithsb.适合sth.agreewithsth.相一致，相符，和谐(5)Idon’tagreewithyon／whatyousaid／youradvice．同意Theclimateheredoesn’tagreewithme．食物、天气等适合某人YourstoryagreeswithwhatIhavealreadyheard．和……一致break(v.)breakawayfrom摆（逃）脱，脱离，破除breakdown（机器、车辆等）出故障；（身体）垮掉；感情失去控制；谈判失败；分解breakforth迸发，突然breakin强行进入，插嘴，breakinto破门而入，打断breakintotears/laughter突然大哭/大笑breakoff突然停止（中断），打断，折断breakout（战争火灾瘟疫）爆发，突然发生breakthrough突破，打破breakup分手断绝关系；打碎撞碎；驱散；婚姻的破裂解体；停课解散breaktheice=breaksilence打破沉默/僵局breakthelaw/rules违反法律/规则breakapromise违背诺言breakarecord打破纪录(1)IamsorrythatIbrokemypromise．违背，违反=breakone’sword(2)Hishealthbroke．(身体或精神)垮了(3)Hebrokeawayfromallhisoldfriends断绝来往(4)Ishouldbreakawayfromsuchhabits改掉(5)Allourplansbrokedown．Thepeacetalkshavebrokendown．(计划、谈判等)失败Chemicalsinthebodybreakdownourfoodintousefulsubstances．分解(6)Thethievesplannedtobreakintoabank．闯入，破门进入(7)TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutinSeptember1939．爆发(8)Aftermidnight，thepartybrokeup．散(会)(9)Ibrokeupthecandyandgaveeachchildasmallpiece．分开Thecrowdbrokeup．分开，分散(10)brokenEnglish蹩脚英语(11)Ourtroopshadlittledifficultyinbreakingthroughthelinesofthepolice．突破bring(v.)bringabout引起=cause=leadto=contributeto=giveriseto=resultinbringdown使倒下；击落bringforth引起，使产生bringin引进；赚钱；使某人参与请来；收获收割bringon使发生，引起bringout显示出激发（优秀品质）；说明，阐明，出版bringsthtoanend结束=putanendtosthbringup抚养，培养；提出；呕吐，Call(v.)callat(aplace)=dropinataplace访问（某地）callonsb=dropinonsb拜访某人callback回电话callfor要求，需要；邀约（同往）接，取；为呼喊callin来访；召来，召集，请来callon(upon)拜访/看望(某人)；号召，请求恳求要求callonsbtodocallup给…打电话；征召（入伍）；使想起（往事）calloff取消，把…叫开carry(1)HehadlearnedenoughGermantocarryonaconversation．进行(2)Onepersonshouldcarryonwheretheotherhadleftoff．进行下去(3)Iwaschosentocarryoutourexperiment．进行(4)Hedidnotcarryouthispromisetous．履行(5)Afterdestroyingthevillage,theenemycarriedoffallthecattle．抢走Catchcatchabadcoldcatchabus/train赶上火车catchfire着火，激动起来（瞬间动词）becaughtintherain/thetrafficjam遇上catchupwith赶上(某人),在功课等方面赶上来（反）fallbehind落后，落在…后面catchsb.doing撞见某人做某事catch(get/take/seize/lay)holdof抓住，捉住catchone’sattention引起某人的注意catchsb’seyes被某人看见，引起…注意catchsightof突然发现/看见catchon理解，流行，挂到…上cover(1)Theycovered12milesyesterday．走完(一段路程)(2)Howmanypageshaveyoucovered?看完(多少页书)(3)Thecitycoveredtensquaremiles．有(多少面积)(4)Theprofessor'stalkcoveredthesubject．谈到，涉及(5)Themountainwascoveredwithsnowalltheyearround。覆盖着……(6)Thebestreportersweresenttocoverthe27thOlympicGames．报道，采访change(1)Hechangedafivedollarfor5singles把……兑换成；破零钱(2)Hechangedhisdollarsintofrancs．把……变成(3)Ifitisalongreport，itiseasytomakechangestothetext．对……改动(4)Doyouhaveanychangeonyou?零钱（不可数）(5)PassengerstoLondonwillchangeatthisstationintoanothertrain．换车Come(v.)intheyearstocomecomeintouse开始被使用comeintoview出现在眼前,进入视线cometrue成为现实howcome…?=howdoes/didithappen?怎么发生的?(某事)怎么解释?comeabout发生，造成comeacross/upon（无意中）碰到，找到，想到，comealong一道去；进展comedown下降，下落，传下来comeintopower(office)执政，就职comeout出版，发行；消息传出众所周知；褪色comeup走上前来；出现发生comeupwith想出comeintobeing/existence产生，建立cometo来到（某地），共计，来参加（活动），谈到，恢复知觉=cometooneselfcometolightcometoaconclusion得出结论cometoanend结束cometonothing(nogood)没有结果（没有好处）(1)Howcomethatyoudidn’tgethereintime?(用于引申意义)发生某情况(2)Hecametorealizethathewaftmistaken．表示动作逐渐的过程(3)Mydreamhascometrue．变成现实(4)HetalkedabouthiscomingtriptotheUnitedStates，即将到来的(5)Howdidtheaccidentcomeabout?发生，造成(6)IcameacrossthisbookinalloldbookstoreontheFourthAvenue．无意中碰到，找到Hecamesuddenlyacrossanidea．(无意中)想到(7)Hejustaskedmetocomeroundforsupper．到这儿来(8)Comealong!Arthur，wecan’twaitallday!快点(9)Comealong，someonemustknowtheanswertomyquestion．快说(10)ThispapercomesouteveryFriday．出版(11)1thinktheroseswillcomeoutnextweek．开花，发芽(12)Thebillcomesto$5．总计(13)Whenitcomestomathematics，Iknownothingaboutit．谈到，涉及到(14Therobberydidnotcometolightuntilthenextday．被发现，被大家知道(15)Thequestionhasn'tcomeupyet．被提出(16)cometooneself苏醒过来／cometoanend结束／comeintoeffect(force)生效／cometoaconclusion(decision)作出结论(决定)controlsb.controlsth.控制have(hold)controlover(of)sb.(sth.)控制着(n.控制)(be)beyondcontrol无法控制,控制不了gain(take…)controlof取得了对…控制incontrol(of)控制着,处于统治地位losecontrolof失去对…的控制outofcontrol被失去控制,无法控制seizecontrolof夺取对…的控制undercontrol(被)控制住cut(1)cutoff切断；切下来／cutout戒掉，不吃／cutin插嘴／cutup切碎／ashortcut捷径(2)Theywanttocutdownalargeforestinarea．砍倒(3)Georgeistryingtocuthisweightdown．消减，减少(4)Thearmywascalledintocutthroughthefallentreesontheroad．锯断，剪断，凿穿diedieaway（尤指声音、风、光）渐渐消失diedown（物质特性和感情的）逐渐减弱，逐渐平息dieoff(一群生物)相继死去dieout(家族,种族)灭绝,死绝(做法,观念)完全消失,绝迹,废除dieforsth./todosth.迫切想得到某物/想做某事(1)Asaresult，manywesternersdieatanearlyagefromheartillnesses．diefrom死于……(除疾病或情感以外的原因)diefromanaccident／thepollutedair／abadhabit/lackofwaterdieof死于……(指疾病、情感、饥寒、年老等原因)dieofillness／afever／hunger／sadness/thirst/laughingdieby(暴毙)one’sownhand（自杀）/violence（死于暴力）`diethroughcarelessness/neglect疏忽而死dieinbattle战死(2)Ronny’sstepshaddiedaway,andtherewasamomentofsilence．消逝(3)Thewindhasdiedawayagain．平息(4)Itisthoughtthatbetweentheyears1550and1950anaverageofonekindoflivi