高二英语《动词不定式》复习课件

不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/nevertodo”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式一.结构:todo(否定)not/nevertodo二.时态与语态主动语态被动语态一般式进行式完成式完成进行式不定式todotobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendonetohavebeendoing--------------------(1).Theypretendednottoseeus.(2).Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3).Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎/发生在它之后.)(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)(4).We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续)1.作主语2.作宾语3.作宾语补足语4.作定语5.作状语6.作表语7.作独立成分8.与疑问词等连用三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.It’simportanttolearnEnglishwell.(1).主语•单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数•若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式置后.Myjobtohelpthepatient.Yourtasktocleantheclassroom.isis(2).表语Iwanttogohome.Theworkersdemandedtogetbetterpay.Ifounditnecessarytotalktohimagain.(3)宾语think/consider/findit+adj.+todoTheteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.(4).宾补五看watchseelookatobservenotice三使letmakehave二听listentohear一感觉:feelwarn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等e.g.Imadehimdohiswork.Hewasmadetodohiswork(byme).注意1help后面的“to”可省去e.g.Theyoftenhelpthegrandma(to)carrywater.2see,hear,watch,feel,notice,lookat等表示感觉和let,make,have等表示使役的动词后面，不定式作宾语时要省“to”（注：被动语态不省to）3不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.(1).Shecoulddonothingbutcry.(2).Ihavenochoicebuttogo.(3).Whatdoyouliketodobesidessleep.Ihavesomethingtosay.Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.(5).定语(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.)请给我一支写字的笔.Pleasegivemeapentowritewith.Icameheretoseeyou.Hegotupearlytocatchthetrain.(6)状语（表示目的或结果）inorderto,soasto,enoughto,onlyto,too….to.,在一些短语中也有体现(7).独立结构•tobefrank,•tobehonest,Totellthetruth,Idon’tagreewithyou.类似的结构(8)不定式与疑问词who,which,when,how,what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.他不知道说什么。(宾语)Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.如何解决这个问题很重要。(主语)Myquestioniswhentostart.我的问题是什么时候开始。(表语)•关于不定式中的小品词to(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.eg:Wouldyouliketogowithme?I’dliketo.(2).不定式是tobe结构,be不可省.eg:Wouldyouliketobeateacher?I’dliketobe.Summary不定式顺口溜你：不定式，非谓语,具体动作有规律。作主语，作宾语,it抢头作形式。作表语，作状语，表示任务和目的。省略动词保留to,避免动词再重复。保留动词省略to,感听看让半帮忙。1.Myteacherwasmade_____histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.A.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup2.TheArcticisconsidered____thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic.A.havingbeenB.tohavebeenC.tobeD.being3.TheEmperororderedthewonderfulcloth_____forhimwithoutdelay.A.tohavewovenB.tobewovenC.tobeweavingD.toweave4.IfoundtheGermanlanguagehard____.A.learnedB.learningC.tobelearnedD.tolearn5.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot______.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff6.---Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool?----Itisaverygood_____.•schooltostudyinB.schoolforchildrentostudyC.studyingschoolD.schooltostudy7.---Didyougetajob?---No,I___,butit’snouse.A.expectedB.triedtoC.managedtoD.planned8.Wefinditimpossibleforthework___aheadoftime.A.tofinishB.finishingC.beingfinishedD.tobefinished9.---IusuallygotoShanghaibytrain.----Whynot___therebyboatforachange?A.totrytogoB.trygoingC.totrygoingD.trytogo10.___aliving,shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight.A.TomakeB.MadeC.MakingD.Tohavemade11.Iwouldratherstarvetodeaththan___forfood.A.begB.beggingC.beggedD.tobeg12.Theboypretended____whenhismotherentered.A.readingB.toreadC.tobereadingD.beingread几对易混淆的词组：stoptodosth.停止去做某事doingsth.停止正在做．．．forgettodosth.忘记去做．．．doingsth.忘记已做了．．．remembertodosth.记得去做．．．doingsth.记得曾经做．．．trytodosth.努力做某事doingsth.尝试做某事1.Robertissaid____abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying2.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,____itmoredifficult.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.don’tmake3.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat____inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects4.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains____whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.see5.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows____.A.itwhattodowithB.whattodowithitC.whattodoitwithD.todowhatwithit6.Themotherdidn’tknow____toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.whenC.howD.why7.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning8.Weagreed____herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet9.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim____.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto10.Thepatientwaswarned____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating11.Iwouldlove____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone12.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented13.LittleJimshouldlove____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking14.____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep15.Theteacheraskedus____somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake1爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。_______________arebothgreathappiness.2中国人民决不会征服。TheChinesepeoplerefuse__________