赵仑_09_March_ERP高级培训班讲座(6)

ERPs&Bandextension(MaQG,etal,2007a,b)0.5s6sValencejudgmentArousaljudgment5s~6s情绪体验Cuthbertetal.,(2000).BiologicalPsychology,52,95-111.P2N2P3LPPP2reflectstheattentionmodulationinearlyperceptualprocessingLatePositivePotential(LPP)indicatesaprocessingthatallocatedtheperceptualprocessingresourcesforsustainedattentiveprocessingLanguageProcessing&LinguisticsWordSentenceContextLearningSemanticSyntaxVisualandauditorymodality……N400N400Processingofincongruousmentalcalculationproblems-AnarithmeticN400effect(MICHAELNIEDEGGEN,FRANKRÖSLERandKERSTINJOST,1999)PMN(phonologicalmismatchnegativity)(Connolly,etal,1990,1992,1994)Anegative-goingresponseprecedingtheN400inauditorymodalityispeakedbetween270and300msaftertheonsetoftheterminalwordReflectingacoustic-phoneticprocessingoftheinitialsegmentoftheword(e.g,thesentence-finalword),possiblytheinitialphonemeConnolly&Phillips,1994-----InvestigatingtheindependenceofPMNfromN400under4conditions4conditions:Phonememismatch-Semanticmismatch(PMM-SMM):Joanfedherbabysomewormnose(milk)----PMN&N400Phonememismatch-Semanticmatch(PMM-SM):Theyleftthedirtydishesinthekitchen(sink)----PMNPhonemematch-Semanticmismatch(PM-SMM):Phiputsomedropsinhisicicles(eyes)----N400Phonemematch-Semanticmatch(PM-SM):Atnighttheoldwomanlockedthedoor(ThehighestClozeprobabilityterminalword)Connolly&Phillips,1994NeitherthePMNnortheN400wasfoundinthePM-SMconditionOnlyanN400wasobservedinthePM-SMMconditionOnlyaPMNwasseeninthePMM-SMconditionTheN400andthePMNwereelicitedinPMM-SMMconditionAdelayedN400occurredtosemanticviolationinthePM-SMMconditionascomparedwithinthePMM-SMMconditionConnolly&Phillips,1994PMM-SMMwasasthebaselinefromwhichthePM-SMMandPMM-SMconditionsweresubtractedInthePMM-SMMcondition,thetwocomponents,PMNandN400,wereelicitedandclarifiedclearly.Contexthasanearlyeffect,thatis,PMNeffect,onspoken-wordrecognitionThedifferencesbetweentheMMNselicitedbycomesandcomerecordedatFCzareshownfortheexperimentswherethesewordswerepresentedoutofcontext(redcurves)andincontext(bluecurves)TheungrammaticaldeviantstimuluselicitedalargerMMNthanthecorrectsentenceatleft-anteriorrecordingsitesandthecorticalsourcesofthegrammaticaleffectsrevealedamainsourceintheleftfrontalcortex.(Pulverműller,etal,2003)Grammarcanbeprocessedautomatically(Pulverműller,etal,2007)神经精神疾病的认知功能障碍：认知过程认知功能脑机制及其评估用ERP研究神经精神疾病？（1）对病例的选择和说明要详细，是否得到治疗，效果如何等，有利于结果的说明；（2）详细说明实验过程中被试的表现情况；（3）临床研究中对照组的选择要与实验组尽量匹配；（4）实验设计是生命，实验技术是根本；（6）设计的简单性、被试任务的完成性；（7）溯源分析不是必要的，基本波形分析（潜伏期、幅值、脑区分布）更重要；（8）个案研究的重要性。临床ERP研究的注意事项海马损伤&P3b、P3aP3bP3a（Knight，1997）Thepatientsafterheadinjurymaynoticeerrors–theNeisnotsignificantlydifferentfromnormal–butnotbeabletocopewiththem–thePewaveissignificantreduced.（BentinS,etal,1999）Prosopagnosia-theinabilitytorecognizefamiliarfacesSinglecellrecordingsinmonkeysERPsfromthecorticalsurfaceERPsfromthescalpMEGresponsecomponentsfMRIandPETbrainimagingNeuralMechanismsofFacePerceptionWhereDoestheEvidenceComeFrom?TheoryandQuestion?Results?HowistheN170modulatedbyfacialexpressions?Doesearlyfaceprocessingdifferfordifferentexpressions?ERP论文写作TensimplerulesfordesigningERPexperiments•Specificcomponentstudy–EMMN(L.Zhao,J.Li,2006)•Generalstudy–Title:Theagingeffectontheearlystageoffaces:AnERPstudy(Gao,etal,inpress)•Question:CanIfindevidenceforaneffectofagingon“early”processingoffaces?•Agingaffectsperceptualprocesses(Does?)•Facesareanimportantcomplexstimulithathumansprocessfrequentlythroughoutlifespan.•Whatisknownaboutfaceprocessingintheelderly?•Whydoyouwanttostudytheearlyprocessingoffacesintheelderly?•WhydoyouthinkthatN170isagood/efficientmeasuretoaddressthequestion?•Whathasbeendone/WhatisknownalreadyaboutN170intheoldage?•Whatstillawaits?•WhatIamgoingtodohere?