金融专业英语教学课件

金融专业英语知识及词汇2019/12/15ChenJianhui2Part1:Interestratepurchasing-power购买力depreciation折旧rentalfee:租金marketrentalfee市场租金realrentalfee实际租金liquidity:流动资金credit:贷款，信贷2019/12/15ChenJianhui3IOU=IOweYou借据Stipulate规定，确定bond债券termsoftheagreement合约条款periodiccashinterestpayments定期现金支付利息afirmcommitmenttopay明确的支付承诺2019/12/15ChenJianhui4TurnthefollowingintoChinese:rentalfeemarketraterentalcontractrealrentalfeemarketvaluerentalprice租赁金市场利率租赁合同实际租金市场价值租赁价格2019/12/15ChenJianhui5inflationcompensatestipulaterepaymentcommitmentmonetaryterms通货膨胀补偿规定偿还承诺，债务货币单位2019/12/15ChenJianhui6Part2:theFractionalReservefractionalreserve(部分准备金)指银行只需保有其存款负债的某一比例作为准备的规定。这是中央银行为保护存款人的权利所要求的规定，以避免银行信用过度扩张，引起流动性不足，损害存款人的权益。reserve准备金，储备金指银行为预防万一而提存的准备基金。准备金分发行准备金和存款准备金。2019/12/15ChenJianhui7Somebanksmaypaynointerestoronlyaminimalrateofinterestondeposits.2019/12/15ChenJianhui8Banksmaylendmoremoneythantheyhaveondeposit,justastradersusedtodowhentheyissuedmorereceiptsforcoinsthantheyhadinsafekeeping.2019/12/15ChenJianhui9Strictlyenforcedgovernmentregulationscontrolhowmanyofthedepositeddollarsmustbeheldinreservetosupportloans.Loansmadeagainstthisfractionalreserveareakeyfactorinbankingandcurrentfractionalreservedepositmoneyexpansionactivities.fractionalreservedepositmoneyexpansionactivities部分准备金存款扩张业务a2019/12/15ChenJianhui10Let’sassumethefractionalreserveratiois12percent.Thus,whenyoudeposit$1,000inyourlocalbank,itmayimmediatelysetaside$120asareserve.setaside:saveorkeepfor留出，拨出e.g.Isetasidesomemoneyeverymonthtobuyacar.fractionalreserveratio部分准备金比率西方国家的中央银行规定商业银行缴存准备金占自身吸收存款的比率。其公式如下：准备金比率＝缴存法定准备金额÷存款余额×100%2019/12/15ChenJianhui11ThebankdepositsthereserveintheFederalReserveBankorbranchthatservicesyourgeographicalareaoftheUnitedStates.Aftersettingasidethe$120reserve,yourbankisfreetoloanout$880.Anotherbankcustomercomestoborrowthe$880anddepositsthemoneywiththebank.2019/12/15ChenJianhui12Notethatthemoneysupplyhasincreasedby$880,asyour$1,000remainsondepositandthebankhaslent880newdollarstoanotherclient.Afterdeducting12percentof$880($105.60)asareserve,thebankloansouttheremainderor$774.40toathirdclient.moneysupply货币供应量指某一时期一国经济中流通的货币量。是各国中央银行（或国家银行）编制和公布的主要经济统计指标之一。货币供应量的现实水平是一国货币政策调节的对象；预测货币供应量的增长、变动情况，则是一国制定货币政策的依据。根据货币内涵的不同，货币供应量指标有M1、M2、M3、M4和M5之分。2019/12/15ChenJianhui13Againthemoneysupplyrises.Ifthisprocesscontinuestoitslimit,atotalof$8,333.33circulatesinthesystem.Afterdeductingyouroriginal$1,000deposit,$7,333.33ofnewmoneyisbeingusedinthecommunityandrepresentsanetincreaseinthemoneysupply.2019/12/15ChenJianhui14Asimplewaytocalculatethemaximumpossibleexpansionwitha12percentreserverequirementistodivideyouroriginal$1,000by0.12(percentageofdeposittobesetasideinreserve),whichequals$8,333.33.WhathappensiftheFedwishestoreininthemoneysupplybyincreasingreserverequirements?reserverequirements准备金要求量，法定存款准备金规定在美国，银行法规定商业银行须将其部分存款另外保管，作为对存款的准备金。联邦储备委员会董事会有权在法律规定的限度内提高或降低对成员银行准备金的要求。准备金条件起着控制贷款的作用（降低准备金要求，就可允许银行更多地借出款项；如提高要求，贷款额就会减少）。2019/12/15ChenJianhui15Part3:TheThreeMsTheFederalReserveSystemtracksthreemeasuresofthemoneysupplyandreportsonthemweekly.ThethreemeasuresareconvenientlylabeledM1,M2,andM3.2019/12/15ChenJianhui16thethreeMs指M1,M2,M3,三种货币供应量。M1是狭义的货币。在美国指商业银行以外的市面上流通的通货，商业银行中以支票存取的活期存款、可转让提单帐户、股份汇款帐户、自动转帐存款以及旅行支票之和。2019/12/15ChenJianhui17M2是定义范围较宽的一些货币。在美国指M1加上不能以支票提取的储蓄存款、10万美元以下的定期存款、货币市场共同基金以及美国居民与银行在美国境外银行持有的过夜欧洲美元存款之和。2019/12/15ChenJianhui18M3是定义更宽的货币。在美国指M2加上10万美元面值的定期存款单（CDs）以及回买协议之和。2019/12/15ChenJianhui19M1isanarrowlydefinedmeasureofmoneythatincludescurrency,coins,anddemanddeposits(suchascheckingaccounts)incommercialbanksthatareusedprimarilyfortransactionsorasamediumofexchange.demanddeposit活期存款checkingaccounts支票帐户mediumofexchange交换媒介a2019/12/15ChenJianhui20M2isabroadermeasureofthemoneysupply.InadditiontotheitemsinM1,M2includestheamountscollectedinsavingsandsmalltimedeposits(certificatesofdeposit),includingmoneymarketdepositaccounts(MMDA),non-institutionalmoneymarketmutualfunds(MMMF),andothershort-termmoneymarketassets.savingsn.储蓄timedeposit定期存款certificateofdeposit大额存单；存款证moneymarket货币市场指一年或不足一年到期的短期借贷市场。moneymarketdepositaccount货币市场存款帐户，简称MMDAmoneymarketmutualfunds(MMMF)货币市场共同基金指美国的一种小额信托投资。a2019/12/15ChenJianhui21M2isthemostoftenusedreferencetomoneysupply.M3isanevenbroaderdefinitionofthemoneysupply,asitincludesallofthecomponentsofM1andM2plusanumberoffinancialassetsandinstrumentsgenerallyemployedbylarge(jumbo)certificatesofdeposit.M2isthemostoftenusedreferencetomoneysupply.M2是衡量货币供应量最常用的参考值。financialassets金融资产financialinstrumentsn.金融票据jumbocertificatesofdeposit大额存单a2019/12/15ChenJianhui22TheFederalReserveBoard,knownastheFed,considersnumerousfactorswhenitdefinesthemoneysupply.Whatultimatelymattersishowthepublicusesthevariousformsofmoney.2019/12/15ChenJianhui23ExercisesTurnthefollowingintoChinese:1)moneysupply2)demanddeposit3)mediumofexchange4)timedeposit2019/12/15ChenJianhui245)certificateofdeposit6)financialinnovations7)monetaryaggregate8)checkingaccounts9)FederalReserveBoard10)writechecks2019/12/15ChenJianhui25Part4:SimpleandCompoundInterestThefe