食药用菌多糖在动物养殖中的应用研究进展

ResearchProgressontheApplicationoftheEdibleFungiPolysaccharideAsImmunoenhancerToAniamalBreedingQuanweifengWangjieXuejinLiuguangjianJihonggengJiangSuSuWEiMicrobiologyResearchCO.,LTDWuXi214063Abstract:TheEdibleFungiPolysaccharidescanobviouslyenhanceimmunecapacity,improveanimalabilitiesagainstdisease,andithasgreatsignificanceinintensiveanimalbreeding.ThispaperreviewstheresearchprogressontheapplicationoftheEdibleFungiPolysaccharideasimmunoenhancertoanimalbreeding.Keywords:EdibleFungi;Polysaccharides;ImmunoenhancerInrecentyears,TheEdibleFungiPolysaccharidesasNutritionimmunoenhancerintheanimalintensive,large-scalebreeding,especiallyinpreventingandcontrollinganimaldiseasesintheresearchandapplicationathomeandabroadhavebecomeincreasinglyattractedattention,researchhasshownthatitcanactivateoneoravarietyofimmunecells,andenhancethebodyofanimalswhichhasspecificandnon-specificimmunefunction,inhibitthegrowthofharmfulbacteriabreeding,anti-infective,anti-disease,enhanceitsresistancetodisease,improveanimalsurvival,reducingtheuseofantibioticsinanimalbreeding,promotethegrowthofanimalsandimprovethequalityofanimalproducts,improvefeedutilization,andwhenmixedwiththevaccinebutalsoasanadjuvantto,enhancevaccinepotencyoftheantigenandtheroleofaging.SotheEdiblefungipolysaccharidehasabrightfutureinapplicationarea.1.conception1.1Immunoenhancer:Immunoenhancerreferstoanumberoforganismsusedalonethatcancauseatemporaryenhancementoftheimmunefunctionofthematerial,andsomecanbeusedwiththeantigen,someimmunoenhanceradjuvantitselfis[1].Withthescientificandtechnologicalprogressandenhancedsenseofpublichealth,immunoenhancerroleofmedicalandhealthcareisreceivingincreasingattention,todeterminecharacteristics,highlyefficient,stable,non-toxic,non-pollutingandnon-residues,immunoenhancerwillbethenextidealmaterialtoresistdiseaseandenhancethebody'smain.Inthefeedindustry,immunoenhancerisgraduallyreplacedbyfeedingantibioticsdevelopedanewkindoffeedadditives.Immunoenhancerincludechemicalcompounds,bacterialderivatives(α-glucan,peptidoglycan,etc.),carbohydrates(chitosan,oligosaccharides,mushroomspolysaccharides),micronutrients(vitamins,selenium,etc.)[2].1.2Polysaccharide:polysaccharidealsoknownasPG,isthedegreeofpolymerizationofmorethan10polysaccharide,ismorethanasinglesugarmoleculefromtheglycosidicbondtoacombinationofthenaturalmacromolecularcompounds.Polysaccharideiswidespreadinvivoalargeclassofbiologicalmacromolecules,withthepromotionoflivestockandpoultryimmunity,FirstAuthor:QuanWeiFeng,M,(1978-),assistantresearcher,mainresearchdirections:Breedingofediblefungi.antibacterial,antiviral,anti-parasitic,anti-inflammatory,reducinglipidandimprovinganimalproductionPerformanceandmanyotherbiologicalfunctions.Polysaccharidewidelyfoundinanimals,plantsandmicro-organisms,ithasasyntheticpolymerdoesnothavespecialbiologicalactivity,thereareavarietyofbiologicalfunctions,isthelifeofanimportantcomponentoftheorganism.Canbedividedintomicrobialpolysaccharidebasedonthesourceofpolysaccharides,chitinandchitosan,plantpolysaccharides,microbialpolysaccharidescanbedividedintofungiandyeastpolysaccharide(dextran),bacterialpolysaccharide(peptidoglycan,LPS).1.3TheEdiblefungipolysaccharides:TheEdiblefungipolysaccharidesofEdiblefungifromfreshfruitbody,mycelia,isolatedfromfermentationbroth,andtocontrolcelldivision,differentiation,regulatingcellgrowthactivityofaclassofagingpolysaccharideintheregulationofimmunefunctionplaysanimportantrole.Sincethe20thcentury70's,theoriginalJapanesescholarsChiharaHanedaLentinanforthefirsttimethattheanti-tumoractivityofpolysaccharidesfromfungiathomeandabroadinbiology,medicine,physics,foodscienceandotherfieldstoagreatdealofresearch.Sofar,bothathomeandabroadfromthenearly300speciesoffungi(belongingtomorethana7OSection5l)screenedmorethan200kindsofbiologicalactivityofpolysaccharidematerial,inwhichourcountryfoundtohavesignificantvalue3Oavarietyoffungalpolysaccharide.Atpresent,moreresearchisGanodermalucidumpolysaccharide,PSK,lentinan,Grifolafrondosapolysaccharide,Agaricusblazeipolysaccharide,inadditiontotinctoriuspolysaccharide,polysaccharideghosthair-pinandmulti-millbisporussugarinthefurtherstudy.2.fungalpolysaccharidesasafeedadditiveinanimalbreedingapplicationFindnewways,byimprovingthebody'sownimmunecapacity,soastoachieveantibacterial,antiviralaimisastudyintoday'sworldhotspots.Asaresultoffungalpolysaccharidewithhigh-efficient,non-toxic,enhanceimmunity,anti-bacterialanti-viral,non-residue,suchasthecharacteristicsofgreenfeedandgreenculturewiththerequirementsofculture,canbeusedasanewnaturalgreenfeedadditive.Fungalpolysaccharideasnutritionimmunoenhancer,canenhancetheimmunefunctionofanimals,theimmunesystemofanimalshasasignificantroleintheregulation.2.1ThefunctiontocellfactorTheEdibleFungipolysaccharidecanpromotetheemergenceofavarietyofcellfactor,notonlycanaffectthecycleofbloodcytokinelevels,butalsocanaffecttheinvitrosecretionofcytokinesinlymphocytes,spleenlymphocytesandthepromotionofIL-,IFN-secretionandenhancingeffectsofcytokines.SuchasGanodermalucidumpolysaccharidescansignificantlyen