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2武昌工学院食品工程学院11级食谱设计与个人膳食调查报告策划书姓名:彭义班级:食品科学与工程班学号:113010020129二零一三年十二月十四日2目录第1章绪论······························································31.1课题简介····················································································31.2开发的意义·················································································3第2章个人的调查报告···············································42.1调查对象····················································································42.2调查内容··················································································42.2.1早餐····················································································42.2.2中餐······················································································42.2.3晚餐······················································································42.3食品的能量值的计算·····································································52.4营养评价与分析··········································································5第3章食谱的设计·····················································63.1每日所需能量·············································································63.2营养全天需要量的计算·································································63.3食谱的设计··············································································7-93.4食谱的分析与评价·····································································102课题设计简介研究人群营养状况的重要方法。包括膳食调查、临床检查、人体测量和营养水平实验室检查四部分。一个地区或国家的营养调查结果可为该地区或国家制定营养标准、食物生产加工和供应提供具体资料;针对存在问题提供有根据的改进意见;为医疗预防机构提供营养过剩或营养缺乏病的诊断和治疗的依据。中国于1959年及1982年进行过全民的抽样营养调查,得到了全国及各省居民营养素摄取量、食物结构、营养缺乏症、营养过剩等情况的资料。膳食调查调查各种食品的摄取量,再根据“食物成分表”计算出每日每人各种营养的状况的摄入量,以便对膳食进行评价。常用的有询问法、记帐法、称重法和化学分析法。食谱营养素是维持正常生命活动所必需摄入生物体的食物成分。现代营养学对于营养素的研究,主要是针对人类和禽畜的营养素需要。营养素分蛋白质、脂质、碳水化合物(糖类)、维生素和矿物质(无机盐)、水、纤维素7大类。例如每天吃的胡萝卜,地瓜,大豆里面都含有丰富的维生素C。中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量是营养配餐中能量和主要营养素需要量的确定依据。一般以能量需要量为基础,制定出食谱后,还需要以各营养素的RNI为参考评价食谱的制定是否合理。DRIs包括4项内容﹕平均需求量(EAR),推荐摄入量(RNI)、适宜摄入量(AI)、可耐受最高摄入量(UL)当一个人群的平均摄入量达到EAR水平时,人群中有半数个体的需要量可以得到满足﹔当摄入量达到RNI水平时,几乎所有个体都没有发生缺乏症的危险。摄入量在RNI和UL之间是一个安全摄入范围,一般不会发生缺乏和中毒。摄入量超过UL水平再继续增加,则产生毒副作用的可能性随之增加2、中国居民膳食指南和平衡膳食宝塔营养食谱的制定需要根据膳食指南考虑食物种类、数量的合理搭配。3、食物成份表通过食物成分表,我们在编制食谱时才能将营养素的需要量转换为食物的需要量,从而确定食物的品种和数量。合理营养就是指运动者一日三餐所吃食物提供的热量和多种营养素与其完成每日训练的运动量所需能量和各种营养素之间保持平衡。从营养素来讲,要有充足的热能,而且蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物的含量和比例要适当,有充足的无机盐、维生素、微量元素和水份,也就是说每日各种食物的种类和数量的选择要得当、充足。除了平时所吃的食物能带来营养以外,很多零食和小吃也能给人体提供营养,比如娃哈哈集团的营养快线和阳光巴士公司的营养彩面。个人的营养调查报告和食谱设计有利于人体的健康,对于个人和社会发展有重大的帮助,可以是我们在有限的土地上生产出更多更好含营养素更丰富的食物资源。2个人的营养调查报告调查对象:林源峰调查内容记录:早餐一杯牛奶(100ml){一碗面(100g),稀饭(100g)二选一}中餐米饭(300g){,鸡蛋(100g),豆角100g)草鱼(200g)西红柿(100g)玉米(100g)黄花茶(100)六选二}猪肉(20g),辣椒(100G)晚餐米饭(300g){,鸡蛋(100g),豆角(100g)草鱼(20g)西红柿(100g)玉米(100g)五选二}猪肉(20g)能量值:芝麻酱等调味品(100kj)早餐:2000/10+1439/10+100=443.9或者2000/10+490/100+100=349中餐:最少:(鸡蛋(100g),豆角(100g)1435*3/10+165.3/10+557/10+155/10+88.7+100=723.4最多:草鱼(150)黄花菜:430.5+33+100+467/5+833/10+88.7=828.2晚餐:和早餐一样最少的能量值:349+723.4*2=1796.8最多:349+828.2*2=2005.4蛋白质早餐:2.3/10+9/10=1.13或者2.6/10+2.3/10=0.49中餐:最少(豆角(100g),西红柿(100g))25.3最多草鱼(200g)鸡蛋(100g)36.3晚餐:脂肪:早餐:22.7/10+1.0/10=2.37或者0.3/10+22.7/10=2.30中餐:最少(豆角(100g)黄花茶)9.5最多:,鸡蛋(100g)玉米(100g)10.2晚餐:碳水化合物:(200ML)早餐:51.7/10+74.7/10+200=212.64或者51.7/10+26/10+200=207.77中餐:最少:鸡蛋(100g),草鱼(200g)422最多:西红柿(100g)黄花茶512晚餐:碳水化合物供能/总能量=56.5我们采取的区间法大概估算最适合的取值,在考虑饮食搭配时,往往会有很多因素,我们把一些因素考虑进去求的他的一个范围,这样整体提高其调查报告的可信性度。营养评价和改进:从数据上看,林源峰膳食摄入量还算正常,但食品结构比较单一,主要集中在蔬菜上面,2对于肉类等物质摄取量不是很足,出现了蛋白质和脂肪的适量缺乏的现象,对于今后的生活,应该在自己的消费水准的允许下,多摄入些肉类和大豆类物质,以保持自己的身体所需。食谱的设计姓名:彭义身高:170cm2体重:60kg轻体力劳动一、每日所需能量理想体重:170-105=65体质指数:60/1.7*1.7=20.7正常每日所需能量:65*35=2275二、营养全天需要量蛋白质:2275*15%=341.25341.25/4=83.3125g脂肪:2275*25%=568.75568.75/9=63.19g碳水化合物:2275*60%=13651365/4=341.25g三、每餐营养素所需量按3:4:3算早餐:蛋白质:81.315*3/10=25.59g脂肪:63.19*3/10=18.957g碳水化合物:341.25*3/10=102.375g午餐:蛋白质:81.315*4/10=32.54g脂肪:63.19*4/10=25.276g碳水化合物:341.25*4/10=136.5g晚餐:蛋白质:81.315*3/10=25.59g脂肪:63.19*3/10=18.957g碳水化合物:341.25*3/10=102.375g三食谱的设计(1)星期一、星期三、星期五2(2)星期二、星期四、星期六(以吃肉为主)餐次食物名称食物重量能量(kcal)蛋白质(g)脂肪(g)碳水化合物(g)视黄醇当量(ug)钙(mg)铁(mg)锌(mg)钠(mg)纤维素胆固醇维生素A(mg)维生素B维生素C维生素D维生素E维生素K早餐鸡蛋鸡蛋80g124.810.38.91.1155.2355.21.91.0120/550210///1.84/面包小麦粉150g51613.22.1101.3/313.5√√/√√√//√/牛奶牛奶180g97.25.45.86.143.2187.20.5√√/√√√√√//合计73827.916.8108.5198.4573.45.9午餐清炒竹笋竹笋132g404.80.24.610164.8//√/√√√///炸鸡柳鸡肉150g199.529.17.53.75244.50.9√√//√/√/√/大米粥大米粥100g33.40.770.067.7/1.10.11√√√√√√√√√√米饭大米100g1142.50.225.6/60.2√√√√√√√√√√西瓜西瓜200g89.32.10.419.6267.928.61.1////√√√///合计476.239.28.3661.25301.956.27.11ABCDEK晚餐红烧排骨猪肉100g39513.2376.811461.6√//√/√/√√/炒土豆丝土豆94g7620.216.5580.8//√/√√√////小豆粥小豆粥100g611.20.413.1/130.6//√/√√√///米饭大米100g1142.50.225.6/60.2√√√√√√√√√√香蕉香蕉50g45.50.70.110.453.50.2//√//√√/√√瓜子瓜子10g61.62.35.31.30.57.20.6√√///√√///合计753.121.943.273.7124.543.74总计2340.388.0767.7213.65624.8673.317.01餐次食物名称食物重量能量(kcal)蛋白质(g)脂肪(g)碳水化合物视黄醇当量(ug)钙(mg)铁(mg)锌(mg)钠(mg)纤维素胆固醇维生素A(mg维生素B维生素C维生素D维生素E维生素K2(3)星期天食谱,吃素为主!(g))早餐鸡蛋鸡蛋80g124.810.38.91.1155.2355.21.91.0120/550210///1.84/面包小麦粉100g34411.21.4471.5/313.5√√/√√√//√/苹果苹果100g2090.20.213.6/4/√////√√///豆浆豆浆200ml97.23.6
本文标题:食谱的设计和调查报告
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