英语翻译习题

(1)SameMeaning,SameStructure趁热打铁tostrikewhiletheironishot火上加油topouroilontheflame一箭双雕tokilltwobirdswithonestone混水摸鱼tofishinthetroubledwaters眼不见，心不烦outofsight,outofmind(2)SameMeaning,SameRhetoric轻如鸿毛aslightasafeather面如土色aspaleasashes稳如泰山assteadyasthemountain易如反掌aseasyasturningoverone'shand(3)DifferentFigures(喻体形象不同)健壮如牛asstrongasahorse害群之马ablacksheep杀鸡取卵tokillthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggs血流如注tobleedlikeapig艳若桃李asredasrose;likeliliesandroses掌上明珠appleofsomebody'seye1.LiteralTranslation直译法沧海一粟agrainintheocean海底捞针tofishupaneedlefromthesea顺水推舟topushtheboatwiththecurrent猫哭耗子谋事在人成事在天2.LiberalTranslation意译法摩拳擦掌torollupone’ssleeves青黄不接beforethegreencorngrowsandafterthewhilecropisconsumed水落石出Thetruthwillprevailintheend.顺手牵羊噤若寒蝉立竿见影4.UsingEnglishEquivalences套译法煽风点火tofantheflame千钧一发tohangbyathread猫哭老鼠toshedcrocodiletears英汉成语字面意义与蕴涵意义基本一致混水摸鱼眼见为实隔墙有耳比喻意义一致，但比喻形象不同挥金如土缘木求鱼挂羊头卖狗肉东张西望1.KeepOriginalImage保留形象直译井底之蛙tobelikeafrogatthebottomofawell调虎离山tolurethetigerfromthemountain口蜜腹剑tobehoney-mouthedanddagger-hearted保留形象节译他知道黄鼠狼给鸡拜年，没安好心。Herealizedthatitwasacaseoftheweaselcomingtopayhisrespectstothehen.竹篮打水一场空！Weweredrawingwaterinabamboobasket.2.TransformOriginalImage转换形象----套译这位小姐，德性温良，才貌出众，鲁老先生和夫人因无子息，爱如掌上明珠。Iknowtheyounglady,andsheisvirtuous,gentleandbeautiful.BecauseMr.andMrs.Luhavenoson,thisgirlistheappleoftheireye.“土埋半截了……”I’vegotonefootinthegrave.涸泽而渔todrainapondtocatchallthefish打草惊蛇tostirupthegrassandalertthesnake玩火自焚togetburntbythefirekindledbyoneself对牛弹琴toplaythelutetoacow画蛇添足todrawasnakeandaddfeettoittokillthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggstowakeasleepingdogtofryinone’sowngreasetocastpearlsbeforeswinetopaintthelily3.DiscardOriginalImage舍弃形象意译“我是想：咱们是孔夫子搬家，净是书（输）。”OnlyIfeelbadwhenweloseeveryfight等他们赶来增援时，已是“正月十五贴门神——晚了半月啦”.Buttheyweretoolateforrescuewhentheyarrived我这个人你耶知道，说话向来是『袖筒里入棒槌』——直出直入。Youknowmewell–Ispeakfranklyandtothepoint.毛遂自荐tovolunteerone’sservice四面楚歌tobebesiegedonallsides锱铢必较tohaggleovereverypenny罄竹难书(ofcrimes)toonumeroustomention初出茅庐atthebeginningofone’scareer舟山群岛，位于中国大陆东海岸、长江入海口，宛如一串璀璨的明珠，镶嵌在海天之间。这里有“千岛之城”独特的山海风光，更是中国首个海洋经济国家级新区。在这片热土上，浙江海洋学院东海科学技术学院正迎着舟山群岛新区建设的历史机遇，蓬勃发展。ZhoushanArchipelagoislocatedattheestuaryoftheeasterncoast,justlikeastringofbrightpearlsinlaidbetweentheseaandsky.Withitsuniquesceneryofseasandmountains,ZhoushanArchipelagoisthefirststate-levelnewareaofmarineeconomyinChina.Onthishotland,DonghaiScientific&TechnologicalCollegeofZhejiangOceanUniversityisflourishingbymeetingthehistoricalopportunityinthebuildingofZhoushanArchipelagoNewArea.作用力与反作用力大小相等、方向相反。Actionandreactionareoppositeandequal.月球自转得很慢，因此，月球上一天有地球上两个礼拜那么长。(rotate)Themoonrotatesratherslowly,herebyonedayinthemoonisaslongastwoweeksintheearth.数百万年之前，固体冰层造就了欧洲和北美的湖泊与山川。SolidlayersoficeformedthelakesandhillsofEuropeandNorthAmericamillionsofyearsago.l970年4月l3日罗尔和布朗从世界石油公司搜集到l34号水泥的样品/目的——分析不能凝固的原因。13/4/70RoyalandBrowncollectedsamplesofcementtype134fromWorldoil/purpose—analysisoffailuretosolidify.这台新发电机最近才生产出来。Thisnewgeneratorhasrecentlybeenproduced.最近20年来医学有了长足的进步。Medicinehasmadegreatprogressinthelasttwentyyears.人的体温是靠消耗血液中的糖份来维持的。Ourbodiesareheatedbytheconsumptionofsugarintheblood.轮工业设计多元化的发展前景OntheMultidimensionalProspectofIndustrialDesign快速成形技术在工业设计中的应用ApplicationofRapidPrototypingTechnologyinIndustrialDesign科学家的梦想实现了。Scientists’dreamhascometrue如果全世界所有的冰都融化的话，那么，海洋的水位会上升约250英尺。Ifalltheiceintheworldmelted,theleveloftheseawouldriseabout250ft.需要有关哪种罐头产品最普及的资料。Informationisneededastowhichbrandofcannedgoodsismostpopular.如果一种实验方法有理由继续存在下去的话，除了别的因素之外，还必须满足两个条件。Therearetwoconditions,amongmanyothers,whichmustbesatisfiedbyanexperimentalmethodifitscontinuanceistobejustified.我们只有掌握丰富的科学知识，才能在现代社会中获得成功。Onlybyobtainingagoodknowledgeofscience,canwelivesuccessfullyinmodernsociety.我们应该重视智力开发，把以发展教育和科学技术作为重点的文化建设放在十分重要的地位，这是我国实现经济振新的必要前提。Weshouldstresstheintellectualresources,givingprioritytothedevelopmentofculturewhichfocusesonthepromotionofeducationandscienceandtechnology.ThisisaprerequisiteforinvigoratingChina’snationaleconomy.中国的科技发展，一般人都以为是不成功的，其实这是十分错误的结论。本世纪初，中国可以说完全没有近代科技知识，真正“从零开始”。MostpeopleviewChina'sdevelopmentinscienceandtechnologyasafailure.Thisviewisentirelywrong.Inthebeginningofthiscentury,Chinacanbeconsideredashavingnoknowledgeofmodemscienceandtechnologyatall.Itwasliterallystartingfromscratch.1.2011年是中国城市化进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。Theyearof2011,isthehistoricalyearintheprocessofChina’surbanization.Itisinthisyearthattheurbanpopulationexcessesruralpopulationforthefirsttime,2.在未来20年里，预计约有3.5亿农村人口将移居到城市，如此规模的城市发展对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。It’spredictedthattherewillbeabout350millionruralpopulationmigratingtotheurbanareasinthenext20years.Suchalargescaleofmigrationtothecityisbothanopportunityandachallengetotheurbantransportation.3.中国政府一直提倡“以人为本”的发展理念，强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。TheChinesegovernmentalwaysclaimstheideaofpeople-orienteddevelopment,andemphasizesthepriorityofpublicvehiclesoverprivatecars.4.它还号召建设“资源节约和环境友好型”社会。Italsoappealstobuildasocietywhichisresourcesconservedandenvironmentalfriendly.5.有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就可以更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。Withthisspecific