人教版八年级英语上册1-5单元知识点(词汇+句型+固定搭配)

Unit1Howoftendoyouexercise?词汇:1.howoften:多久一次7.health:健康，12.onweekends:在周末howmany:多少+可数名词healthy：健康的13.onceaweek：一周一次2.always(100%)-总是unhealthy:不健康，twiceaweek：一周两次usually(80%)–通常keep/stayhealthythreetimesamonth:一月三次often(60%)-经常=keep/stayingoodhealth:保持健康14.most:大部分的，绝大多数的sometimes(40%)-有时候8.getgoodgrades:取得好成绩all:所有的hardlyever(20%)-几乎不9.thesameas:与…不同15.begoodfor:对…有益never(0%)从不10.alotof=lotsof:大量，许多+可数/不可数名词bebadfor:对…有坏处3.surftheinternet:上网alot=verymuch:十分,非常，很16.howmany:多少,+可数名词4.asfor:至于，关于11.maybe:也许，大概howmuch:多少，+不可数名词5.junkfood:垃圾食品maybe:也许是，或许是（may是情态动词，be是动词原形）howmuch多少钱，（问价格）6.lookafter=takecareof：照顾12.little:小的，alittleboy:一个小男孩17.ofcourse=sure当然lookfor:寻找little:少，little少→less更少→least最少（修饰不可数名词）lookup:查找（单词、信息）little:几乎没有,否定词（修饰不可数名词）lookat:看alittle:少许，有一点，肯定词（修饰不可数名词）few:几乎没有，否定词（修饰可数名词）afew少许，有一点，肯定词（修饰可数名词）句型：1.Howoftendoyouexercise?→Iexercisethreetimesaweek.Howoftendoessheshop?→Sheshopsonceamonth.2.Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?→IusuallywatchTV.HowoftendoesshewatchTV?→ShewatchesTVeveryday.3.Howmanyhoursdoyousleepeverynight?你每晚睡几个小时？→Isleepninehourseverynight.Howmanybooksdoyouhave?你有多少本书？→Ihave5books.Howmuchisthesweater?这件毛衣多少钱？Howmuchwaterdoyouhave?你有多少水？(howmuch:多少，后面+不可数名词,water是不可数名词)4.What’syourfavoriteprogram?你最喜欢的电视节目是什么？→It’sAnimalWorld.固定搭配：trytodosth.:尽力做某事，设法做某事trydoingsth.:试着做、尝试做某事helpsb.(to)dosth:帮助某人做某事(to可以省略)wantsb.todosth.:想要某人做某事Unit2What’sthematter?词汇:1.haveacold感冒9.few:几乎没有，否定词（修饰可数名词）haveafever发烧afew少许，有一点，肯定词（修饰不可数名词）haveastomachache肚子痛little:几乎没有,否定词（修饰不可数名词）haveaheadache头疼alittle:少许，有一点，肯定词（修饰不可数名词）haveatoothache牙齿疼10.atthemoment=now现在，此刻haveasorethroat喉咙疼11.hostfamily寄宿家庭haveasoreback背部酸疼12.not…until…直到……时候才……2.liedownandhaveagoodrest躺下好好休息13.should应该，情态动词，后+动词原形3.hotteawithhoney加了蜂蜜的热茶shouldnot=shouldn’t4.ill病了的illness疾病14.seeadoctor看医生5.advice建议（不可数名词）seeadentist看牙医someadvice(不能加”s”)15.toomany太多…，修饰可数名词toomanystudents6.bestressedout有压力的，紧张的toomuch太多…，修饰不可数名词toomuchyin7.balance平衡balanced平衡的muchtoo太……，muchtoobig太大abalanceddiet平衡的饮食16.stay=keep保持onadiet节食keep/stayhealthy8.get变得=keep/stayingoodhealth:保持健康getangry变得生气gettired变得劳累句型：1.What’sthematterwithyou?=What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了？→Ihaveacold/haveatoothache/haveasorethroat….2.What’sthematter?→Shehasacold.3.Doeshehaveacold?→Yes,hedoes.4.A:What’sthematter?B:I’mnotfeelingwell.(此处不能用good)Ihaveacold.A:Whendiditstart?B:Abouttwodaysago.A:That’stoobad.Youshoulddrinklotsofwater.B:Yes,Ithinkso.A:Ihopeyoufeel/getbettersoon.我希望你尽快好起来5.A:IhaveacoldB:Iamsorrytohearthat.(当听到对方不好的消息时使用此句)固定搭配：Itis+形容词+(forsb.)todosth.做某事对某人来说是………的例句：Itiseasyformetolearn(learn)English.对我来说学英语是容易的Itisinterestingtowatch(watch)AnimalWorld.看动物世界时有趣的Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?→→→本单元用现在进行时态表示将来的事情现在进行时态，即be+doing:词汇:1.gocamping去野营6.alot=verymuch十分、非常、很2.A:Whatareyoudoingforvacation?gofishing去钓鱼alotof=lotsof许多、大量B:Iamgoingcamping.goshopping去购物7.away向远处、离开A:Thatsoundsnice.goswimming去游泳goaway离开Whoareyougoingwith?gohiking去远足B:Iamgoingwithmyparents.gobikeriding去骑单车8.stay:留、停留、呆gosightseeing去观光旅游3.LindaisgoingtoTibetnextsummer.(划线提问)2.howlong多久、多长时间句型：→WhereisLindagoingnextsummer?3.getback回来getbacktoschool1.Whatareyoudoingforvacation?4.He’sgoingonthe12th.(划线提问)4.befamousfor…以……而闻名→Iamvisitingmygrandparents.→Whenishegoing?5.leavefor…离开去……地方Whatisyourbrotherdoingforvacation?leave→(过去式)left→Heisgoingcamping.5.I’mstayingthereforaweek.(划线提问)left:左边、离开→Howlongareyoustaying?6.当听到对方提出的建议，如：Whataboutplayingbasketball?Howabouttakingawalkwithme?Whynotgotothemovie?为什么不去看电影？Iamgoingcamping.等句子时，回答可用以下句型：Thatsoundsnice/good/interesting/.That’sagoodidea./Goodidea.Thatsoundslikeagoodidea./Great等.7.当听到对方要去旅行或是准备出行时，如：IamgoingtoHongkongforaweek.Iamgoinghikinginthemountains.时，回答一般用以下句型：Haveagoodtime!8.询问天气：Howistheweather?或是What’stheweatherlike?9.询问某人的职业：Whatdoyoudo?Whatareyou?What’syourjob?你的工作是什么？Whatdoesyourmotherdo?Whatishe?他是干什么的？10.询问某人的性格：Whatareyoulike?→Iamoutgoing/shy/quiet.Whatishelike?他是个什么样的人？→Heisoutgoing/shy/quiet.他很外向/害羞/安静10.询问某人长的什么样子：Whatdoeshelooklike?他长的什么样子？→Heisofmediumbuild/height.他中等身材/身高.Whatdoesyourfatherlooklike?→Heistall.他很高11.询问某人喜欢什么：Whatdoyoulike?你喜欢什么？→Ilikebasketball.我喜欢篮球固定搭配：1.finishdoingsth完成做某件事例：Ifinisheddoingmyhomework.我完成了我的家庭作业Unit1-3单元课本语法知识&在讲解畅优新课堂时补充的语法知识点与固定搭配：1.情态动词后+动词原形(do)已学情态动词：can能够,must必须,should应该,may也许.would想，会helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事2.介词后若接动词，则接动词的ing形式：常见的：whatabout+doingsth?做………怎么样？常接doing的固定搭配：1.likedoingsth喜欢做某事2.enjoydoingsth享受做某事3.haveagood/havefunindoingsth做某事玩的很开心4.finishdoingsth完成做某件事5.spend+(时间、金钱、精力)doingsth花时间、金钱、精力做某事=spend+(时间、金钱、精力)onsth3.不定式，即：todo常接不定式的固定搭配：wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事wouldliketodosth想做某事tellsbtodosth告诉某人做某事asksbtodosth要求某人做某事plantodosth计划做某事decidetodosth决定做某事needtodosth需要做某事forgettodosth忘记做某事trytodosth尽力做某事4.不定代词+形容词结构例：somethinginteresting一些有趣的事情Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?词汇:1.getto:到达arriveat:到达+小地点（学校、医院…）arrivein:到达+大地点（城市、国家、地区…）reach:到达2.takethebus=bybus：坐公交车8.howlong:多久，howfar：多远13.take…to…把…带到…3.takethetrain=bytrain：坐火车9.from…to…从…到…14.from:离…的距离4.takethesubway=bysubway：坐