计算机软件工程

3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,FourthEdition3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition2LearningObjectivesExplaintheelementsofprojectmanagementandtheresponsibilitiesofaprojectmanagerExplainprojectinitiationandtheactivitiesintheprojectplanningphaseoftheSDLCDescribehowthescopeofthenewsystemisdetermined3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition3LearningObjectives(continued)DevelopaprojectscheduleusingPERTandGanttchartsDevelopacost/benefitanalysisandassessthefeasibilityofaproposedprojectDiscusshowtostaffandlaunchaproject3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition4OverviewFundamentalprinciplesofprojectmanagementProjectsuccessfactorsRoleofprojectmanagerProjectmanagementknowledgeareasHowinformationsystemprojectsinitiatedPartofoverallstrategicplanRespondtoimmediatebusinessneedTheprojectplanningphaseofSDLCProjectplanningexamplesforRMO3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition5ProjectSuccessFactorsProjectmanagementimportantforsuccessofsystemdevelopmentproject2000StandishGroupStudyOnly28%ofsystemdevelopmentprojectssuccessful72%ofprojectscanceled,completedlate,completedoverbudget,and/orlimitedinfunctionalityThus,projectrequirescarefulplanning,control,andexecution3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition6ReasonsforProjectFailureIncompleteorchangingrequirementsLimiteduserinvolvementLackofexecutivesupportLackoftechnicalsupportPoorprojectplanningUnclearobjectivesLackofrequiredresources3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition7ReasonsforProjectSuccessClearsystemrequirementdefinitionsSubstantialuserinvolvementSupportfromuppermanagementThoroughanddetailedprojectplansRealisticworkschedulesandmilestones3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition8RoleoftheProjectManagerProjectmanagement–organizinganddirectingpeopletoachieveaplannedresultwithinbudgetandonscheduleSuccessorfailureofprojectdependsonskillsoftheprojectmanagerBeginningofproject–planandorganizeDuringproject–monitorandcontrolResponsibilitiesarebothinternalandexternal3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition9InternalResponsibilitiesIdentifyprojecttasksandbuildaworkbreakdownstructureDeveloptheprojectscheduleRecruitandtrainteammembersAssignteammemberstotasksCoordinateactivitiesofteammembersandsubteamsAssessprojectrisksMonitorandcontrolprojectdeliverablesandmilestonesVerifythequalityofprojectdeliverables3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition10ExternalResponsibilitiesReporttheproject’sstatusandprogressEstablishgoodworkingrelationshipswiththosewhoidentifytheneededsystemrequirementsThepeoplewhowillusethesystemWorkdirectlywiththeclient(theproject’ssponsor)andotherstakeholdersIdentifyresourceneedsandobtainresources3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition11VariousTitles/RolesofProjectManagers(Figure3-1)3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition12ParticipantsinaSystemDevelopmentProject(Figure3-2)3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition13ProjectManagementTasksBeginningofprojectOverallprojectplanningDuringprojectProjectexecutionmanagementProjectcontrolmanagementProjectcloseoutProjectmanagementapproachdiffersforPredictiveSDLCAdaptiveSDLC3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition14ProjectManagementandSDLCTasksforaPredictiveProject(Figure3-3)3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition15ProjectManagementandSDLCTasksforanAdaptiveProject(Figure3-4)3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition16ProjectManagementBodyofKnowledge(PMBOK)ScopemanagementControlfunctionsincludedinsystemControlscopeofworkdonebyteamTimemanagementBuilddetailedscheduleofallprojecttasksMonitorprogressofprojectagainstmilestonesCostmanagementCalculateinitialcost/benefitanalysisMonitorexpenses3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition17ProjectManagementBodyofKnowledge(continued)QualitymanagementEstablishqualityplanandcontrolactivitiesforeachprojectphaseHumanresourcemanagementRecruitandhireprojectteammembersTrain,motivate,teambuildCommunicationsmanagementIdentifystakeholdersandtheircommunicationsEstablishteamcommunications3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition18ProjectManagementBodyofKnowledge(continued)RiskmanagementIdentifyandreviewrisksforfailureDevelopplanstoreducetheserisksProcurementmanagementDeveloprequestsforproposals(RFPs)Evaluatebids,writecontracts,monitorperformanceIntegrationmanagement3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition19ProjectInitiationandtheProjectPlanningPhaseDrivingforcestostartprojectRespondtoopportunityResolveproblemConformtodirectiveProjectinitiationcomesfromLong-termISstrategicplan(top-down)prioritizedbyweightedscoringDepartmentmanagersorprocessmanagers(bottom-up)Responsetooutsideforces(HIPAA)3SystemsAnalysisandDesigninaChangingWorld,4thEdition20InitiatingCustomerSupportSystemRMOStrategicISplandirectsISdevelopment’sprojectprioritiesCustomersupportsystem(CSS)selectedJohnMacMurty–createsprojectcharterBarbaraH