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1国际商务英语学科考试复习要点Lesson1InternationalBusiness商务术语:FDIGDPBOTpatentcopyrightvaluechainfranchising(紫色书10-11页)考点:国际商务贸易的主要类型(majortypesofinternationalbusiness)A.Trade(贸易):a.commoditytrade(商品贸易,也叫有形贸易visibletrade)b.servicetrade(服务贸易,也叫无形贸易invisibletrade)B.Investment(投资):a.foreigndirectinvestment(FDI外国直接投资)b.portfolioinvestment(证券投资)C.Othertypes(其他类型):a.licensingandfranchising(国际许可与特许经营)b.managementcontractandcontractmanufacturing(管理合同和承包生产)翻译练习:1.随着经济全球化的发展,无形贸易即使在发展中国家的国际贸易中所占的比例也逐渐增大Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,invisibletradeaccountsforanincreasingproportionoftheworldtradeeveninthedevelopingcountries2.BOT是“交钥匙”工程的一种流行的变通形式BOTisapopularvariantoftheturnkeyprojectLesson2IncomeLevelandtheWorldMarket商务术语:GNPPPP(purchasingpowerparity购买力平价)Staplegoods(大路货)creditorcountry(债权国)(紫色书25页)考点:国民生产总值和国内生产总值(GNP和GDP)GNP:referstothemarketvalueofgoodsandservicesproducedbythepropertyandlaborownedbytheresidentsofaneconomyGDP:referstothemarketvalueofallgoodsandservicesproducedwithinthegeographicareaofaneconomy.Percapitaincome(人均收入):ItiscalculatedbydividingitsnationalincomebyitspopulationTriadandQuad(三方组合和四方组合):A.UnitedStatesB.WesternEuropeC.JapanD.Canada翻译练习:21.国民生产总值和国内生产总值体现了一个国家的全部收入,在衡量国民收入方面可以互换使用。GNPandGDPindicateacountry’stotalincome.Theycanbeusedinterchangeablytomeasurethelevelofitsnationalincome.2.欧盟作为三方组合的一个分支,在使我们的市场多元化方面起着相当重要的作用EU,asonelegofTriad,playsanimportantroleintherespectofdiversifyingourmarketLesson3RegionalEconomicIntegration商务术语:tariffrates(关税率)settlement(协议)cartel(卡特尔)freetradeareaNAFTA(NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement北美自由贸易协定)紫色书41页考点:1.地区一体化的主要目标(Majorobjectivesofregionalintegration)Tobetterenjoythebenefitoffreeflowofgoods,services,capital,laborandotherresources,atthesametimepossiblyputupbarrierstoeconomicactivitieswithnon-members2.地区经济一体化的四个层次(Fourlevelsofregionaleconomicintegration)A.Freetradearea(自由贸易区)----经济一体化程度低,内部团结,但各成员对外采用各自的贸易政策B.CustomsUnion(关税同盟)---所有成员对外都实行相同的贸易政策C.Commonmarket(共同市场)---共同的对外政策,生产要素也在各成员国间流动D.Economicunion(经济联盟)----经济一体化程度最高,共同的对外政策,生产要素也.在各成员国间流动,统一协调各国在经济金融领域的国内政策,统一货币3.掌握EU(欧洲联盟),APEC(亚太经济合作组织).OPEC(石油输出国组织)翻译练习:1.共同市场具有使商品,服务,劳动力甚至资本,技术在各成员国之间自由流通的特点.Thecommonmarketischaracterizedbythefreeflowofcapitalandtechnologybesidesgoods,servicesandlabor.2.欧盟是一个机构齐全的实体,其历史可以追溯到1952年.TheEuropeanUnionisafull-fledgedentity,whosehistorydatesbackto1952.Lesson4EconomicGlobalization商务术语:Shareholders(股东),boardofdirectors(董事会),parentcompany(母公司),affiliate(子公司),day-to-dayrunning(日常管理),multinationalcorporation(跨国公司),homecountry(母公司所在国),hostcountry(东道国)紫色书63-64页3考点:1.经济全球化的基本特征和优劣势:A.Basicfeature:a.freeflowofcommodity,capital,technology,serviceandinformationb.optimizedallocationofresources(资源优化配置)B.Advantagesandnegativeimpacts:Advantages:a.newimpetusandopportunitiestoworldeconomicdevelopmentb.mutualbenefitsfromeconomicboomsNegativeimpacts:a.makecountriesmorevulnerabletotheadverseeventsacrosstheglobalb.notbalancedbenefits3.跨国公司(multinationalcorporations)A.organization---parentandaffiliates(组织----母公司与子公司)B.features:a.enormoussizeb.widegeographicalspread(广阔的地域分布)c.needs,goalsandroles(需要,目标和作用):profits,securityC.fourtypes:a.multi-domesticcorporationb.globalcorporationc.transnationalcorporationd.worldcompany4.翻译:a.经济全球化使得各国经济更容易受到全球各地不利事件的伤害。Economicglobalizationismakingthevariouseconomiesmorevulnerabletotheadverseeventsacrosstheglobe.b.安全对任何一个跨国企业而言都极为重要,因为没有安全,跨国企业组织的生存便无法保证。SecurityisextremelyimportanttoanyMNEbecausewithoutit,anMNE’ssurvivalcanneverbeassured.Lesson5-6InternationalTrade(1)(2)商务术语:services(劳务),primarycommodities(初级产品),absoluteadvantage(绝对利益),comparativeadvantage(比较利益),quota(配额),customsunion(关税同盟),advaloremduty(从价税),specificduties(从量税),drawback(退税),MFN(最惠国待遇),non-tariffbarrier(非关税壁垒).紫色书:90页110页考点:1.国际贸易的定义(definition):Itreferstotheexchangeofgoodsandservicesproducedinonecountrywiththoseproducedinanother2.国际贸易的两个缘由(Tworeasonsforinternationaltrade)a.theunevendistributionofnaturalresourcesamongcountriesb.internationalspecialization(国际专业化)43.国际专门化的两个理论(Twotheoriesforinternationalspecialization)a.Thetheoryofabsoluteadvantage(绝对利益理论):acommoditywillbeproducedinthecountrywhereitcostsleastintermsofresources(capital,land,andlabour)b.Thetheoryofcomparativeadvantage(相对对利益理论):Evenifacountryislessefficientthananotherintheproductionofproducingbothcommodities,thereisstillabasisformutuallybeneficialtrade.4.关税壁垒和非关税壁垒(tariffbarriersandnon-tariffbarriers)a.tariffbarriers:exportduty(进口税),importduty(出口税),----specificduties从量税advaloremduty.从价税Compoundduty混合税b.non-tariffbarriers:quotas----themostcommonformofnon-tariffbarriers5.翻译练习a.比较优势理论已成为现代国际贸易思想的基石Comparativeadvantagehasbecomethecornerstoneofmodernthinkingoninternationaltradeb.关税壁垒是限制贸易最常见的形式Tariffbarriersarethemostcommonformsoftraderestriction.Lesson7Incoterms2000商务术语:EDI(电子数据交换),customersclearance(结关),dispatch(发运),ICC(国际商会)Roll-on-roll-off(滚装滚卸),incoterms(国际贸易通则),FOB(起运港船上交货价),CFR(成本加运费价),CIF(成本加运费加保险费价)紫色书132-133页考点:1.《国际贸易术语解释通则》的必要性和目的ThenecessityandpurposeofhavingIncotermsThepurposeofINCOTERMSistoprovideasetofinternationalrulesforthemo
本文标题:自考国际商务英语学科考试复习要点
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