第3章动植物检疫程序

Chapter3Animalandplantquarantineprocedure某外贸公司，拟从美国进口柑橘和牛肉，需要经过哪些动植物检疫程序？Section1ImportpermitSection2QuarantinedeclarationSection3Onthespotquarantine,LaboratoryinspectionSection4QuarantinetreatmentSection5QuarantinepassSection1Importpermit一、Definitionandeffect1、Definition检疫许可是在输入某些检疫物之前，输入单位向检疫机关提出申请，检疫机关审查并决定是否批准输入的法定程序。2、Effect(1)Avoidblindinput,reduceeconomiclosses；(2)Putforwardquarantinerequirements,strengthenpreventionofintroduction；(3)Exertreasonableclaimaccordingtothetradecontract.二、Typesandrange(一)一般许可:Importinganimals,animalproducts,plantseeds,seedlingsorotherpropagatingmaterials(二)针对禁止输入物的许可为特殊许可。具体如下：(1)pathogenicmicroorganisms(includingseedculturesofbacteriaandviruses)ofanimalsandplants,insectpestsandotherharmfulorganisms;(2)relevantanimalsandplants,theirproductsandotherquarantineobjectsfromcountriesorregionswithprevalentepidemicanimalorplantdiseases;(3)animalcarcasses;and(4)soil.三、Mainprocedures(一)Responsibleagency1、TheStateBureauofAnimalandPlantQuarantineoritsauthorizedportanimalandplantquarantineorgansshallberesponsiblefortheexaminationandapprovalofquarantineinspectionwithrespecttotheimportofanimals,animalproductsandobjectsprohibitedfromenteringthecountry；2、TheorgansprescribedbytheRegulationsonPlantquarantineshallberesponsiblefortheexaminationandapprovalofquarantineinspectionwithrespecttotheimportofplantseeds,seedlingsandotherpropagatingmaterials.(二)Mainprocedures1、Receivingdocuments(《中华人民共和国进境动植物检疫许可证申请表》)；2、SubmittingtotheStateanimalandplantquarantineauthoritiesforapproval；3、Approvingimport(《中华人民共和国进境动植物检疫许可证》)。Section2QuarantinedeclarationQuarantinedeclarationisanecessarystepintheprocedureofanimalandplantquarantine。一、Definitionandeffect1、Defeinition是检疫物输入或输出时由货主或代理人向检疫机关及时申请检疫的法律程序。2、effectToprepareforthefurtherverificationofrelevantdocumentsandimplementofquarantine.Alegalprocedure,whichisanecessarypartoftheanimalandplantquarantine,completedbytheowneroragentandquarantineofficerstogether.二、Quarantineobjectsandquarantineagency(一)Quarantineobjects1、Importingorexitanimalandplantsandtheirproducts,otherquarantineobjects；2、containersandpackagesfortheloadingofplantsandanimals,animaland；3、Transporttoolsfromanimalandplantepidemicarea；4、Transitplants,animalandplantproductsandotherquarantineobjects.(二)quarantineagencyAnimalandplantquarantineofficeattheplaceofentryorexit.三、MainproceduresAnapplicationformforquarantineshallbefilledinwhenapplyingforquarantinetotheportanimalandplantquarantineoffice，andthequarantinecertificateissuedbytheanimalandplantquarantineofficeofthegovernmentoftheexportingcountryorregion，thecertificateoforigin，thetradecontract，theletterofcreditandtheinvoices，etc.shallbepresented；inthecaseofnecessityofformalitiesofexaminationandapprovalofquarantineinspectionaccordingtolaw，anapprovaldocumentforquarantineinspectionshallbesubmitted.Fortheimportofstudstock，theirspermsorfetuses，applicationforquarantineshallbesubmitted30daysbeforeentryofthesame；fortheimportofotheranimals，applicationforquarantineshallbesubmitted15daysbeforeentryofthesame；fortheimportofplantseeds，seedlingsorotherpropagatingmaterials，applicationforquarantineshallbesubmitted7daysbeforeentryofthesame.产地证是用以证明有关出口货物制造地的一种证明文件，是货物在国际贸易行为中的“原籍”证书，在特定情况下进口国据此对进口货物给予不同的关税待遇。信用证是国际贸易中最主要、最常用的支付方式。Section3On-the-spotquarantineandlaboratoryinspection一、On-the-spotquarantine(一)Definition是检疫人员在现场环境中对输入或输出的应检物进行检查和抽样，并初步确认是否符合相关检疫要求的法定程序。(二)MethodsSiteinspectionandsamplingarethemaintask.Subjects：TransportandloadingtoolsGoodsandplaceofstorageCarry-onandmailedobjectsThesampleswhicharecollectedbytheon-the-spotquarantineshouldbesenttothelaboratoryforfurthertesting.1、InspectionoftransportandloadingtoolsCheckontheloadingorcarriageofgoodsinsideandoutsidethecabin,onthewallsorcornercrackswherewherepestsarepronetolurking；broughtbackthepestsinsamplebagstolaboratoryforfurtherdetermination.2、Inspectionofgoods2、Checkallkindsofrelateddocuments，suchasofficiallicense,declarationform,Quarantinecertificateissuedbytheexporter;checkifthegoodsisincompatiblewiththedeclarationform;Thenexamineandsamplethegoodscarefully.3、Inspectionandquarantineofanimalandanimalproducts.Tocheckwhethertheanimalhassymptoms,injuryanddeath.Foranimalproducts,checktheouterpakageifitiscomplete,hasnobulkandcrackingorisexposedandcorrupted.4、InspectionandquarantineofplantandplantproductsFocusontheinspectionofthegoodsandthewarehouseorplaceofstorage,inparticular,thesurfaceofthegoods,thepackingangleandtheouterandthebagangleofthegoods.Checkifthereareanymycocecidium,weeds,pestsorpesttracesbynakedeyeorsievingmethod.菌瘿：指由细菌及其他真菌寄生所引起的植物体一部分异常发达而形成的畸形器官或异常组织，是瘿瘤的一种。可能是由于寄生者分泌代谢产物的刺激，或由于对必需的物质选择吸收使营养不均衡所致。5、Checkpassengersforcarryingluggage.CheckbytheXmachineandquarantinedogs二、Laboratoryinspection(一)Definition是借助实验室仪器设备对检疫物样品进行动物疫病和植物有害生物检查、鉴定的法定程序。检疫人员依据相关的法规以及输入国或地区所提出的检疫要求，对输出或输入的动植物、动植物产品和其他应检物进行实验室检测。(二)Methods1、Inspectionofanimalsampletasks：Determinewhethertheanimalsampleisinfectedandwhatkindofquarantineanimaldiseaseisinfected.。Methods：Pathogentest,serologicaltestandpathologicalexaminati