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第四章习题答案4-1已知烟煤的干燥无灰基组成(%)为:CdafHdafOdafNdafSdaf82.46.09.21.70.7测得空气干燥基水分Mad=3%,灰分Aad=15%,收到基水分Mar=5%,计算:(1)1kg干燥无灰基煤折合成空气干燥基煤、收到基煤时,各为多少?(2)收到基时该烟煤的组成百分率。解:(1)将干燥无灰基换算成空气干燥基后碳的含量为:57.674.82100315100C100MA100Cdafadadad令1kg干燥无灰基煤折合成xkg空气干燥基煤,根据碳含量相等,则有%57.67%4.821x得x=1.22kg。将空气干燥基换算成收到基后碳的含量为:18.6657.6731005100CM100M100Cadadarar令1kg干燥无灰基煤折合成ykg空气干燥基煤,根据碳含量相等,则有%18.66%4.821y得y=1.25kg。(2)由(1)可知,空气干燥基该烟煤的组成为:CadHadOadNadSadAadMad67.574.927.541.390.57153则收到基该烟煤的组成为:CarHarOarNarSarAarMar66.184.827.381.360.5614.6954-2已知重油组成(%)为:CHONSMA87.011.50.10.80.50.070.03设某窑炉在燃烧时空气系数=1.2,用油量为200kg/h,计算:(1)每小时实际空气用量(Nm3/h);(2)每小时实际湿烟气生成量(Nm3/h);(3)干烟气及湿烟气组成百分率。解:(1)燃烧每千克重油理论需氧量为:1004.22)32O32S212H12C(V0O2重油kg/Nm271.21004.22)321.0325.02125.111287(3燃烧每千克重油理论需空气量为:重油kg/Nm813.1021100271.221100VV30O0a2燃烧每千克重油实际需空气量为:重油kg/Nm976.12813.102.1VV30aa每小时实际空气用量为:hNm/2.2595976.122003(2)燃烧每千克重油产生的理论烟气量为:2179V1004.22]28N32S)18M2H(12C[VVVVV0O0N0SO0OH0CO0222222179271.21004.22]288.0325.0)1807.025.11(1287[重油kg/Nm466.113因为空气系数=1.2,故燃烧每千克重油产生的实际烟气量为:重油kg/Nm629.13813.10)12.1(466.11V)1(VV30a0则每小时产生的实际烟气量为hNm/2726629.132003(3)燃烧每千克重油产生的烟气中各组成量为:kg/Nm624.11004.2212871004.2212CV3CO2kg/Nm289.11004.22)1807.025.11(1004.22)18M2H(V3OH2kg/Nm0035.01004.22325.01004.2232SV3SO2kg/Nm258.102179271.22.11004.22288.02179V1004.2228NV30ON22kg/Nm454.0V)1(V30OO22故干烟气的组成为:CO2SO2O2N213.160.033.6883.13湿烟气的组成为:CO2SO2O2N2H2O11.910.033.3375.279.464-3某窑炉使用发生炉煤气为燃料,其组成(%)为:CO2COH2CH4C2H4O2N2H2SH2O5.625.912.72.50.40.246.91.44.4燃烧时=1.1,计算:(1)燃烧所需实际空气量(Nm3/Nm3煤气);(2)实际生成烟气量(Nm3/Nm3煤气);(3)干烟气及湿烟气组成百分率。解:(1)燃烧每立方米煤气所需理论氧量为:1001]OSH5.1HC)4nm(CH22H2CO[V22nm420O233Nm/Nm274.01001]2.04.15.14.0)442(5.2227.1229.25[燃烧每立方米煤气所需理论空气量为:330O0aNm/Nm305.121100274.021100VV2当=1.1时,燃烧每立方米煤气所需实际空气量为:330aaNm/Nm435.1305.11.1VV(2)燃烧每立方米煤气理论生成烟气量为:0N0SO0OH0CO02222VVVVV330O22nm4222Nm/Nm105.22179274.01001]9.464.124.0)242(5.234.47.129.256.5[2179V1001]NSH2HC)2nm(CH3OHHCOCO[2燃烧每立方米煤气实际生成烟气量为:330a0Nm/Nm236.2305.1)11.1(105.2V)1(VV(3)燃烧每立方米煤气产生的烟气中各组成量为:1001]HmCCHCOCO[Vnm42CO233Nm/Nm348.01001]4.025.29.256.5[1001]4.14.0245.224.47.12[1001]SHHC2nCH2OHH[V2nm422OH233Nm/Nm243.0332SONm/Nm014.010014.11001SHV2330O2NNm/Nm603.12179274.01.110019.462179V1001NV22330OONm/Nm0274.0274.0)11.1(V)1(V22故干烟气的组成百分率为:CO2O2SO2N217.471.380.7080.45湿烟气的组成百分率为CO2O2SO2N2H2O15.571.230.6371.7010.874-4题4-3中,当高温系数=85%,空气、煤气均为20C,计算实际燃烧温度。若空气预热至1000C,此时实际燃烧温度较不预热时提高了多少?解:先计算理论燃烧温度tth:VctcVtcQtaaaffnetth式中空气和煤气的在0-20C的平均比热容ca和cf可分别查表4-13和4-18得:ca=1.296kJ/(Nm3.C),cf=1.32kJ/(Nm3.C);根据上题计算结果,Va=1.435Nm3/Nm3煤气,V=2.236Nm3/Nm3煤气;而煤气低发热量可按下式计算:SH232HC590CH358H108CO126Q24242net代入上式得:2.236ctth=Qnet+cftf+Vacata=6090.8+1.32×20+1.435×1.296×20=6154.4采用“内插法”计算理论燃烧温度tth:设tth=1700C,c=1.67,则:2.236×1.67×1700=63486154.4tth=1600C,c=1.65,则:2.236×1.65×1600=5903.046154.4故04.590363484.6154634816001700t1700thtth=1656.5C则实际燃烧温度tp=tth=85%×1656.5=1408C若将空气预热到1000C,ca=1.41kJ/(Nm3.C)则2.236ctth=Qnet+cftf+Vacata=6090.8+1.32×20+1.435×1.41×1000=8140.6设tth=2200C,c=1.70,则:2.236×1.70×2200=8362.68140.6tth=2100C,c=1.695,则:2.236×1.695×2100=79598140.6求得tth=2145C,则实际燃烧温度tp=tth=85%×2145=1823C故当空气预热至1000C时,实际燃烧温度比不预热时提高了415C。3Nm/kJ8.60904.12324.05905.23587.121089.25126
本文标题:第四章习题答案
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