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第6章项目质量管理1.Whichofthefollowingmethodsisusedtoprovideastandardtomeasureperformance?A)Benehmarking.B)Sampling.C)Estimating.D)Leveling.以下哪一种方法提供了一种衡量绩效的标准?A)基准法。B)抽样法。C)估算法。D)平衡法。2.Ateammctubernoticestheprojectmanagerthataqualitymeasurementtotheprojectcannotbemet.Whatshouldtheproiectmanagerdo?A)Notifymanagement.B)Holdateammeeting.C)LookforaIternativewaystomeetthequalitylevel.D)Asknlanagementtpcolneupwithoptions.一个项目组成员通知项目经理,项目的一个质量标准不能被满足。项目经理应该如何去做?A)通知管理层。B)召开一个项目组会议。C)寻找满足质量标准的替代方案。D)请管理层作出选择。3.Iftwoeventscannotbothoccurinasingletrial,theyare.A)falseeventsB)mutuallyexclusiveC)statisticallyindependentD)justintime如果两个事件不能在同一试验中发生,它们是。A)错误事件B)互斥的C)统计独立的D)零库存管理(JIT)4.Aprojectteamisinthedesignstageofanewmountainbikeprototype.Theteamisintheprocessofidentifyingwhichtypeofframeandmaterialwillprovidehighperfornlanceatalowcost.WhichofthefollowingistheMOSTlikelytechniqueusedtodeterminethesevariables?A)Benefit/costanalysis.B)Ishikawadiagram.C)Designofexperiments.D)Systemflowchan.项目组处在一种新型山地自行车的原型设计阶段。项目组正在识别哪种结构和原料会提供高质量和低成本的产品。以下哪一项是确定这些变量的最可能的技术?A)收益/成本分析。B)鱼骨图。C)实验设计。D)系统流程图。5.Whenitappearsthatadesignerrorwillinterferewithmeetingtechnicalperformaneeobjectives,thePREFERREDresponseisto.A)decreflsetheperformancevaluetoequaltheamssedvalueB)developalternativesolutionstotheproblemC)increasethespecifiedvaluetosetanewperformancegoalD)reducetheoveralltechnicalcomplexityoftheproject当一个设计错误影响到技术性能目标的满足时,最好的应对方案是。A)降低绩效标准值使之等于评估结果值B)确定解决问题的替代方案C)提高规定值以建立新的绩效目标D)降低项目整体的技术复杂度6.Paretoanalysis,canseandefleet,andflowchartsarealltoo1susedinquality.A)contro1B)benchmarkingC)planningD)verification帕累托分析、因果关系、流程图等工具应用于质量。A)控制B)标杆C)计划D)核实7.Allofthefollowingaretruequalitystatemensexcept:A)Qualityimprovementdependsuponbetterdefinltionandincreasedawarenessoftherequlrements/specmcatjons.B)Projectqualitymanagementmustaddressbothmanagementoftheprojectandtheproductoftheproject.C)Recognitionofkeyactionsrequiredofeachteammemberisnecessarytomeetqualityobjectives.D)Computer-aideddesignsystemscanimprovequality,butonlyattheexpenseofanincreaseinthecostofdesign.下列各项关于质量的说法都是正确的,除了:A)质量改进依赖于更好的定义和对需求/规格的理解。B)项目质量管理必须说明项目管理和项目产品。C)要求每个团队成员认清关键活动对满足质量目标而言是必要的。D)计算机辅助设计系统可以改进质量,唯一的损失是增加了设计成本。8.Learningcurvetheoryemphasizesthatinproducingmanygoods,A)costdecreasesasproductionratesincreaseB)averageunitcostdecreasesasmoreunitsareproducedC)materialsbecomecheaperwhentheyarepurchasedinbulkD)Laborersbeeomemoreproductivebecauseoftechnologicaladvances学习曲线理论强调在生产大量产品时,。A)成本减少,生产率增加B)随着更多单位的产出,平均单位成本减少C)由于大量采购,材料会变得便宜D)因为技术的改进,劳动力会更有生产效率9.Afundamentaltenetofmodernqualitymanagementholdsthatqualityismostlikelytobeachievedby.A)planningitintotheprojectB)developingcarefulmechanismstoinspectforqualityC)strivingtodothebestjobpossibleD)conductingqualitycircleactivities现代质量管理的基本原则是质量最有可能通过获得。A)将质量规划到项目内B)设计详细的质量检查机制C)争取把工作做得更好D)执行质量圈活动10.TheprimarydriverbehindthedemandforcontinualqualityimprovementisA)aninereaseinthenumberoftheprojectsbeingworkedB)widespreadpublicinterestingovernmentcostimprovementreportsC)theDrevaknceofmediareportsonqualitycirclesandotherqualityimprovementD)theneedtoreducethecostandensuretheperformanceofproducts对持续质量改进的需求的主动力是。A)正在进行中的项目数目的增加B)在政府成本改善报告中发布的公众利益C)关于质量圈和其他质量改进的媒体报告的流行D)降低成本、确保产品性能稳定的需要11.ToolsandtechniquesofqualitycontrolincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT:A)Flowcharting.B)PareTochart.C)Controlcharts.D)Estimatesofcontroltendencv.下列哪项不是质量控制过程包含的工具和技术?A)流程图。B)帕累托图。C)控制图。D)控制趋势估算。12.“Designofexperiments”isastatisticalnclethodthathelps.A)determinehowvariouselementsofasysteminterrelateB)identifywhichfactorsmayinfluencespecificvariablesofaproductorprocessC)establishastandardbywhichtomeasureperformanceD)compareactualorplannedprojectpracticestothoseofotherprojects实验设计是一种统计学方法,用来.A)判断一个系统中不同的元素如何相互关联B)识别在产品或过程中哪些因素可能影响特定的变量C)建立一种标准,用来测量绩效D)将实际的或计划的项目实践与其他项目比较13.AnearlyversionofoneofW.EdwardDeming’s14pointsencouragcdcompaniesto“ceasedependenceonmassinspectionbybuildingqualityintotheproductinthefirstplace”.Demingstatedthat,typically,productsareinspectedastheycomeoffthelineoratmajorstages.Defectiveproductsareeitherthrownoutorreworked.Bothoptionsareexpensive.Thisapproach,ineffect,meantthatcompanieswouldpayworkerstomakedefectsandthencorrectthem.Dentinglaterrecognizedthevalueofinspectionsandrevisedthepointtosaythatpeopleshould“understandthepurposeofinspection.”Hesaid,“Inspectionsmustbecarriedoutinaprofessionalway,notbylick-spitmethods.”ThissupportsthePMBOK,whichindicatesthatinspectionscanbeusedtodeterminewhetherresultsconformtorequirements.Inspectionsalsomaybecalled.A)controltestsB)walkthroughC)statisticalsamplingD)checklists爱德华.戴明的14点理论的早期版本鼓励公司应该“在产品生产时就严把质量关,减少大量的产品检验工作”。戴明说,产品的质量检验一般是在其刚下生产线或生产的主要阶段进行的。有缺陷的产品要么扔掉,要么返工,这两种选择的代价都是很昂贵的。这种方法好像是公司雇用了工人来生产有缺陷的产品,然后再改正这些缺陷。戴明后来认识到了产品检验的重要性并修正了他的说法,“人们应该正确理解检验的目的,”他说,“对产品的检验一定要以专业的方式进行,而不能采用这种‘自食其果’的方法。”这一观点在PMBOK中也有反映,即检验能用来判断结果是否与要求相一致。检验还可以被称为。A)控制测试B)巡检C)统计抽样D)检验单14.Qualityassurance(QA).A)istheapplicationofplanned,systematicqualityactivitiestoensureeffectivepolicingoftheconformanceoftheprojectteamtoapprovedspecific
本文标题:第6章项目质量管理
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