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CoordinateSystems(笛卡尔系)Cartesian,cylindrical(polar),spherical(直角、柱、球)VectorsandScalars(矢量、标量)magnitude(大小,量纲,量级)anorderofmagnitude,twoordersofmagnitude(两个数量级)productscalarproduct(dotproduct)(点积)vectorproduct(crossproduct)(叉积)NewtonianMechanics(牛顿力学)Object:speedvelocitymechanicalenergy(机械能):(scalar)(vector)potentialenergy(势能)Kineticenergy(动能)Accelerationgravitationalforce(万有引力)Mass(质量)Density(密度)Volume(体积)weight(gravity)(重力)Friction(摩擦)non-conservativeforce(非保守力)restoringforce(回复力)Momentum(动量)moment(torque)(力矩)uniformmotion(迅速运动)uniformdielectric(迅速直线)OscillationsandWaves(振荡和波)Vibration(振动)Damped(有阻尼的)periodicmotion(周期运动):equilibriumposition(平衡位置)displacement(位移)simpleharmonicmotion(简谐振动):spring(stretch,compress)(绳的伸长与压缩)Amplitude(振幅)Cycle(周期)frequency(megahertz)(频率)Wavelength(波长)(meterdecimeter/分米centimeter/厘米millimeter/毫米nanometer/纳米micron/微米)travelingwave(行波)standingwave(驻波)crest(波峰)trough(波谷)LightandOpticselectromagneticwave(电磁波)electromagneticradiation(电磁辐射)electromagneticspectrum:(光谱):visiblelight(可见光)radiowave(无线电)Infrared(红外线)ultraviolet(UV)(紫外线)Gammarays(r射线)X-rays(X线)Photon(光子):atom(原子)molecule(分子)Electron(电子)neutron(中子)Proton(质子)ion(离子)Nucleus(原子核)nuclei(复数形式)Light:Reflection(反射):(全反射):totalinternalreflectionRefraction(折射)Diffraction(衍射):centralmaximum/minimum(中心最大/最小)secondary/sidemaximum(次级大)Dispersion(散射)Interference(干涉):(相干光)coherentwave(光程差)opticalpathdifference(相位差phasedifference/shift(同/不同相)inphase/outofphase(奇/偶整数倍)odd/evenintegralmultiple(叠加)superposition/superpose(相长/相消)constructive/destructiveNewton'sRings(牛顿环):concentricringpattern(同心圆环)Monochromaticlight(单色光)Polychromatic(复色光)DiffractionGrating(衍射光栅):beruledwith......(被刻/画)Polarization(偏振):linear/plane、elliptical、circular(线、椭圆、圆偏振)counterclockwise/anticlockwise(逆时针)Birefringence(双折射):Doublerefraction(双折射)Isotropic/anisotropic(各项同/异性)Orientation(方向)Lattice(晶格)dielectricconstant(介电常数)magneticpermeability(磁导率)Cleavage(解理)TheOrdinaryray(寻常光)Theextraordinaryray(非寻常光)OpticalActivity(旋光性)Guided-WaveOptics/IntegratedOptics(导波/集成光学):component(分量、组成)integrate(集成)substrateChip(芯片、薄片)miniaturize(小型化)propagate(传播)Collimate(校准、使平行)focus(聚焦)scan(扫描)broaden(扩展)Split(分离)combine(结合)isolation(隔离)couple(耦合)Switch(交换)detect(探测)modulate(调制)planar/slabwaveguide(平面波导):Infinite(无限的)Interface(表面)zig-zagwaves(锯齿波)criticalangle(临界角)guidedmode(导摸)stripwaveguide(条形波导):Confinement(限制)Dimension(维度)raisedstrip(凸起型波导)embeddedstrip(嵌入式波导)ridge/ribguide(几型波导)strip-loadedguide(加载型波导)active/passivedevice(有源/无源设备)fiber(光纤):Core(芯)Cladding(包层)Diameter(直径)singlemode/fundamentalmode(单/基模)Multimode(多模)inputpulse(输入脉冲)incidentangle(入射角)intermodaldispersion(模间散射)Temporal(暂时的)signalbroadening(信号展宽)step-index/abrupttransition(阶越传播)gradient-index/gradedtransition(渐变传播)Others:directly/inverselyproportionalto(成正/反比)Microscope(显微镜)current(电流)circuit(电路)Voltage(电压)Powerresistance(抵消)positive/negativecharge(正/负电)attract/repel(吸引/排斥)prismperpendicular/vertical/orthogonal/normal(垂直的)Parallellens/convex/concave(凸/凹)crosssection()Curvature(曲率)LightFantastic:solarwind(太阳风)aurora(极光)Transparent(透明的)Translucent(半透明的)filter(滤光片)crossingthefilterThescienceofsupercool(超导):absolutezero:minus273.2degreescelsiusLiquidliquefy(液化)Hydrogen(氢)Helium(氦)Nitrogen(氮)Coolant(冷却剂)Superfluid(超流体)Viscosity(黏度)Superconductor(超导体)magneticlevitation(磁悬浮)levitatingtrain/Maglev(磁悬浮列车)JosephSonJunction
本文标题:物理光学专业英语名词总汇
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