电解法制备高铁酸钾的合成研究

太原工业学院学位论文-I-电解法制备高铁酸钾的合成研究摘要高铁酸钾具有很强的氧化性、选择性以及环境友好特性。人们发现高铁酸钾可以作为一种高效、无毒的环境友好型多功能水处理剂；高铁酸钾具有很好的选择性，还可用于有机合成；此外，高铁酸钾还可以用作高能的“超铁”电池的电极材料。因此，高铁酸钾在以上几个领域具有很好的应用前景。但是高铁酸钾的稳定性差，制备和提纯工艺复杂，合成条件苛刻；至今尚未得到公认的成熟的生产工艺。本文主要研究直接电解法制备高铁酸钾。研究电解法制备高铁酸钾的最佳工艺条件，研究电解质溶液的浓度、温度、电流密度、电解时间等工艺参数对高铁酸钾的产量的影响。提高NaOH的浓度可以增加高铁酸钾的产量，当浓度增加到16mol/L时，产量会下降。升高温度对高铁酸钾产量的提高非常显著，随温度升高在30℃出现高铁酸钾产量最大值，随后产量急剧下降。同样电流密度、电解时间对高铁酸钾产量的影响都是先增大再减小，中间存在一个最大值，分别为53mA/cm2，6h。实验表明：根据对单因素实验数据进行正交实验处理得出64.2mA/cm2，14mol/LNaOH，30℃，6h为最佳的工艺参数。关键词：固体高铁酸钾；电解合成；电流密度太原工业学院学位论文-II-StudyonElectrochemicalProcessPreparationofPotassiumFerrate（VI）AbstractTheiron(VI)derivation,potassiumferrate(VI)(Fe(VI))haspropertiessuchasoxidizingpower,selectivity,andanon-toxicby-productFe(III),thatmakepotassiumferrate(VI)anenvironmentallyfriendlyoxidantforseveralapplications.Potassiumferratehasbeenconsideredforyearstotreatwithnaturalwatersandwastewaters,becauseofitsenvironmentalfriendlypropertiesanditshighefficiency.Fe(VI)isalsoaselectiveoxidantforalargenumberoforganiccompoundswithFe(III)asaby-product.Fe(VI)thereforehasaroleingreenertechnologyfororganicsynthesis.Moreover,Ferratehasalsobeenrecentlyusedinanewclassof“super-iron”batteries，referredtoassuper-ironbatteries,thereusetheFe(VI)/Fe(III)systemasanodematerial.Inthispaperwereportedanelectrochemicalmethodgenerationofferrate.Studypreparedbyelectrolysisofpotassiumferrateoptimumconditionstostudytheconcentrationofelectrolytesolution,temperature,currentdensity,electrolysistimeofprocessingparametersontheproductionofpotassiumferrateimpact.NaOHtoraisetheconcentrationofpotassiumcanincreasetheoutputofthehigh-speedrailway,whentheincreasedconcentrationof16mol/L,theoutputwillbedropped.Elevatedtemperatureontheproductionofpotassiumferratewassignificantlyimproved,withthetemperatureat30℃Ferratehighproductionvalue,followedbysharpdeclineinproduction.Thesamecurrentdensity,electrolysistimeonthehighyieldofFerratearefurtherreducedtoincreasethemiddlethereisamaximum,respectively53mA/cm2,6h.Experimentsshowthat,singlefactorexperimentbasedonorthogonalexperimentalprocessingdataobtained64.2mA/cm2,14mol/LNaOH,30℃,6hthetechnicalparametersforthebestKeywords：Potassiumferrate(VI)；ElectrochemicalMethod；currentdensity太原工业学院学位论文-III-目录摘要.......................................................................................................................................IAbstract..................................................................................................................................II前言....................................................................................................................................1第1章绪论........................................................................................................................31.1高铁酸钾的基本性质...................................................................................................31.1.1高铁酸钾的结构........................................................................................................31.1.2高铁酸钾的电化学性质............................................................................................31.1.3高铁酸钾的稳定性....................................................................................................41.2高铁酸钾的分析方法...................................................................................................51.3高铁酸钾的应用...........................................................................................................51.3.1高铁酸钾在水处理中的应用....................................................................................51.3.2高铁酸钾在有机氧化合成中的应用........................................................................61.3.3作为碱性电池的正极活性物质................................................................................71.3.4在其他方面的应用....................................................................................................71.4高铁酸钾的制法..............................................................................................................71.4.1熔融法........................................................................................................................71.4.2次氯酸盐氧化法........................................................................................................81.4.3电解法........................................................................................................................91.5本文的研究内容.........................................................................................................12第2章实验部分..............................................................................................................142.1主要实验仪器与药品.................................................................................................142.2电解制备高铁酸钾.....................................................................................................152.2.1电解装置示意图......................................................................................................152.2.2电解过程...................................................................................