比较等级与比较结构

比较等级与比较结构Unit25ComparisonandComparativeConstructionsII.LearningPoints1.as…asconstruction/as…as结构的用法与翻译：①as+adj./ad.+as译为“和……一样”、“与……相同”。例如：ChinaisaslargeasthewholeofEurope.中国和欧洲一样大。JohnisasbrightasTom.John和Tom一样聪明。Thisbookisasgoodasthatone.MaryspeaksFrenchasfluentlyasHenry.玛丽说法语和亨利一样流利②as…as后接adj./ad.时，表示同一事物的两种不同性质，=“notonly…butalso”译为“既……又”、“又……又”。例如：Thewheelturnsasfastasstably.轮子转得又稳又快。Thismethodmeasurementisassimpleaspractical.这种方法既实用又简单。Heisastallasheisstrong.他又健壮又高大。Thegirlisasbrilliantassheisbeautiful.她既聪明又漂亮。Amissisasgoodasamile.差之毫厘，失之千里。③as…as前+nearly,almost,just,justabout,quite,exactly,nothinglike等程度副词：MylittlesisterisnearlyastallasI.我妹妹几乎和我一样高。Hewasalmostaswelloffasmyself.他差不多和我一样富裕。Youarejustasstrongasever.你和过去一样结实。④aslongas=providethat,ifonly,引导条件状语从句,译为“只要……（就要）”。例如：Iamhappyaslongasyouarehappy.只要你高兴，我就高兴。Wecansurelyovercomethosedifficultiesas/solongaswearecloselyunited.只要我们紧密地团结在一起，就一定能克服这些困难。⑤assoonas与directly,immediatelythemoment互换使用，引导时间状语从句，译为“一……就……”。例如：I’llgoassoonashecomes.他一来我就去。I’lltellhimassoonashegetsin.=I’lltellhimdirectlyhegetsin.他一来我就告诉他。Heranoffassoonashesawus.=Themomenthesawus,heranoff.他一见我们就跑了。⑥as…as与bad,much连用时，常置于句首，引导让步状语从句。译为“尽管……”：As/Sobadasheis,hehashisgoodpoints.尽管他不好，但也有优点。AsmuchasIshouldliketoseeyou,Iamafraidyoucouldnotcome.尽管我很想见到你，但恐怕你不能来。Asmuchasshehatedcruelty,shecouldn’thelpwatchingthefight.虽然她憎恨暴行，但她不得不注视着这场斗殴。⑦asgoodas（此处不涉及比较级）=ineffect,practically,译为“实际上（等于）”。例如：Whathesaidhasasgoodasshownhisattitude.他说的话实际上已经表明了他的态度。Theyhaveasgoodaspromisedtohelpus.他们实际上已经答应帮助我们。Thepatientisasgoodascured.病人实际上等于已经治好了。⑧asfaras与know,go,concern等动词连用，译为“就……而论”。例如：AsfarasIknow,hecanspeakonlyEnglish.就我所知，他只会讲英语。Asfarasthequalityofthetunegoes(isconcerned),theradioisexcellent.就音质而言，这个收音机好极了。⑨aswellas有7种常见用法。⑴aswellas=as+ad.+as，译为“和……一样好”。例如：Icandoitaswellasyou.我能和你做得一样好。⑵aswellas=like，译为“和……一样”：Heaswellasyouisateacher.=He,likeyou,isateacher.他和你一样也是老师。⑶aswellas=besides,inadditionto，译为“除了……外，还……”。例如：Aswellaswalkinghelikesfishingandshooting.他除了散步之外，还喜欢钓鱼和打猎。Aswellasliterature,wehavetostudyhistoryandphilosophy.除了文学之外，我们还必须学历史和哲学。⑷aswellas=and…aswell，译为“也”。例如：Heismyfriendaswellasmydoctor.他是我的医生，也是我的朋友。ShespeaksFrenchaswellasEnglish.他会说英语，也会说法语。⑸aswellas=notonly…butalso，译为“不但……而且”。例如：Hehasexperienceaswellasknowledge.=Hehasnotonlyknowledgebutalsoexperience.他不仅学识渊博，而且经验丰富。⑹aswellas=both…and，译为“既……又”：Youarekindaswellassensible.=Youarebothkindandsensible.他既厚道又聪明。⑺aswellas=and，译为“和”。例如：She,aswellasherbrother,hasbeenthere.=Sheandherbrotherhavebeenthere.她和哥哥都去过那里。⑩as…as的固定搭配：asgoodasgold=asgoodasone’swordas…asany=bestas…asever=as…asbeforeasbest…may/could=asmuchaspossibleas…aspossible2.ComparisonConstructions：①than:Heistallerthanmybrother.SummerPalaceismorebeautifulthanZhongshanPark.②much,still,even,any,far,alittle:Areyoufeelinganybetter?I’mfeelingmuchbetternow.Heworksstill/evenharder.Youarealittletaller./Sheisabitfaster.③…and…:Itisgettingwarmerandwarmerinspring.Itisbecomingcolderandcolderinwinter.Thecarwasrunningfasterandfaster.④the…,the…Themorebooksyouread,themoreknowledgeyouwillget.Thesooneryoustart,themorequicklyyouwillfinish.TheolderIget,thehappierIam.⑤在介词短语ofthetwo,betweenAandB:OfthetwoboysJohnbehavesmorepolitely.Ofthetwostudents,sheworksharder./sheisthetallerone.BetweenMaryandJane,IthinkJaneisthebetteronetodothejob3.最高级：①thebiggest:Heworksthehardestinthecompany.Tomistheeldest,andisalsotheoldestofthechildren.汤姆是长子，也是年龄最大的孩子。②oneofthecities:BeijingisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.Heisoneofthebrightestboysinhisclass.③Thisisthebest…thatThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.ThisisthemostexcitingbookthatIhaveeverread.④ofthethree/ofall:Heisthebrightestofthethreeboys.OfthethreeboysJohnplaysthebest.Sheworksthehardestofall.4.morethan的几种特殊用法：⑴“morethan+名词”=notonly，可译为“不仅仅”：Butworkismorethanaccomplishmentandprideinbeingabletocommandthejob,…但是工作不仅仅是成就和能够胜任工作的自豪，……Mytriptothenorthismorethansightseeing.我的北方之行并非观光而已。⑵“morethan+形容词”（常用于口语）=very,可译为“非常”、“十分”。例如：Theyweremorethangladtohelp.他们非常乐意帮忙。Wearemorethanhappytohearofyoursuccess.听说你成功了，我们非常高兴。Heismorethanpleasedwiththeresult.他对结果十分满意。⑶“morethan+副词/代词”=notlimitedto.可译为“不止”。例如：Hewasdressedmorethansimply.他穿的岂止是朴素，简直是破烂了。（他穿得过于寒酸。）Ithappenedmorethanonce.类似情况不止一次发生。Butthereismoretothematterthanthis.但是，问题远不止如此。⑷“morethan+数词”=over,可译为“多于”、“大于”：Ittookmorethan100,000mentwentyyearstobuildtheGreatPyramid.十多万人花费了二十年时间才建成了这座大金字塔。Morethan100workersinthiscompanyarecollegestudents.这家公司有100多人是大学生。⑸“more+形容词/副词+than”（比较两事物的同一性质），“比……更好”。例如：Heismoretiredtodaythan(hewas)yesterday.他今天比昨天更疲乏。Hisstoryismoreinterestingthanyours.他的故事比你的故事更有趣。Sheteachesmorepatientlynowthaneverbefore.她教书比以往任何时候都更有耐心。Theworkisprogressingrapidlythanwasexpected.工作进展得比预料的更快。⑹“more+形容词/副词+than”（比较同一事物的两个不同性质时），常译为“与其说……，不如说……”或“倒不如说……”。例如：Heismorebravethanwise.他有勇无谋。Itismorebluethangreen.与其说是绿色，倒不如说是蓝色。Heismoredaringthanquick-witted.与其说他脑子灵活，不如说他胆大。Thechildwasmorefrightenedthanhurt.这孩子的伤倒不算什么，只是受惊不小。注意：less…than也可表示“与其说……，不如说……”的含义。但more…than结构否定的是“后者”，而less…than则否定的是“前者”。试比较：Shewasmorehurtthanfrigh