深圳初中英语语法第1讲【一般现在过去将来时态】

江同学|初二|一对一|刘老师第1/5页第1讲一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时态教学内容:一般现在一般过去一般将来时。教学目标:熟练掌握一般现在一般过去一般将来时。重点难点:1、一般现在表将来；2、主将从现；3、will和begoingto的区别。教学过程:一）课前小测（第一次课省略）二）知识要点1、关于时态在英语中，由于谓语动作发生的时间不同，或表达不同时间存在的状态，谓语动词都要发生相应的变化。这些动词的变化形式就叫做动词的时态。英语中共有16种时态。初中阶段主要学习，掌握八种时态。2、一般现在时1）构成表动作①肯定：主语+动词原形/动词三单形式Igetupat6o’clockeverymorning.Hegetsupat6o’clockeverymorning.②否定：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形Idon’tgetupat6o’clockeverymorning.Hedoesn’tgetupat6o’clockeverymorning.③疑问：Do/Does+主语+动词原形Doyougetupat6o’clockeverymorning?Doesshegetupat6o’clockeverymorning?表状态①肯定：主语+am/is/are+其它Iamaboy.Heisaboy.Weareboys.②否定：主语+am/is/are+not+其它Iamnotaboy.Sheisnotaboy.Wearenotboys.③疑问：Am/Is/Are+主语+其它AmIaboy?Issheagirl?Areyouboys?2）用法①表示经常发生的动作、行为或存在的状态。IgotoschooleverydayexceptSunday.Therearefiftystudentsinourclass.②表示一种客观事实、普遍真理、格言等。TheEarthisround.TheEarthgoesaroundtheSun.③表示按时间表、规定安排或计划好将要发生的动作。Thetrainstartsat7:30.④在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。Ifyoudon'tgosoon,you'llbelate.Iwillwaitforyouuntilyoucomeback.3）时间标志词always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays…4）动词的第三人称单数变化规则江同学|初二|一对一|刘老师第2/5页动词三单加-s，take—takes-s,-sh,-x,-ch,+es;wash—washes结尾若为辅加-y,变-y为ies；fly—fliesgo,do加上es，如遇have变has.do—doesgo—goeshave—has3、一般过去时1）构成肯定句否定句疑问句表动作主语+动词过去时I/You/She/We/Theyworked.主语+did+not+动词原形I/You/She/Theydidn’twork.Did+主语+动词原形Didyou/he/theywork?表状态主语+was/wereI/She/It/Hewasthere.We/You/Theywerethere.主语+was/werenotI/She/It/Hewasn’tthere.We/You/Theyweren’tthere.Was/Were+主语+其它？Wasshe/he/itthere?Wereyou/we/theythere?2）用法①表示在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。HeleftforBeijingyesterdaymorning.Shewasn'tathomelastnight.②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。Igotupveryearlyatthattime.Maryalwaysgotuplateatthattime.③表示过去常常usedtodo/be（现在不这样了）Heusedtodrinkalcohol.他过去喝酒。（意味着他现在不喝酒了。）Iusedtotakeawalkinthemorning.我过去是在早晨散步。（现在不在早晨散步了）3）时间标志词昨天前天前几天yesterday/thedaybeforeyesterday/theotherday那时几岁la-以前atthemoment/attheageof…/lastnight…/...ago曾经今早刚过去onceuponatime/thismorning/justnow/inthepast过去时间还一天oneday4）动词过去式变化规则规则动词加-ed，“直去双改”请牢记直一般动词直接加–edwant—wantedown—owned去以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加-edlike—likedcontinue—continued双以辅元辅结尾的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-edstop—stopped改以辅音加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-edstudy—studied不规则动词过去式am,is-wasare-weredo-didgo-wenthave-hadgive-gaveget-gotsee-sawcome-camesay-saideat-atetake-tookrun-ransing-sangput-putmake-maderead-readwrite-wrotedraw-drewdrink-drankfly-flewride-rodespeak-spokesweep-sweptbuy-boughtswim-swam,sit-satbring--broughtcan-couldcut-cutbecome-becamebegin-begandraw-drewfeel-feltfind-foundforget-forgothear-heardkeep-keptknow-knewlearn-learnt（learned）leave-leftlet-letlose-lostmeet-metread-readsleep-sleptspeak-spoketake-tookteach-taughttell-toldwrite-wrotewake-wokethink-thought江同学|初二|一对一|刘老师第3/5页4、一般将来时1）构成①will/shall+动词原形（shall用于第一人称，常被will所代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。willnot=won'tshallnot=shan't）WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst？Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening?②begoingto+不定式主语的意图，即将做某事Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?计划，安排要发生的事Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth.有迹象要发生的事Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.③be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.④beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意：1)beabouttodo不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。2)beto表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，begoingto表示主观的打算或计划Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.I'mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.⑤现在进行时表将来go.come.fly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arrive等可用现在进行表将来sheisleavingforWuhantomorrow.⑥一般现在时表将来come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可表将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.--Whendoesthebusstart?--Itstartsintenminutes.2）时间标志词Tomorrow，thedayaftertomorrow，nextday(week,month,year…)，soon，in+一段时间…...3）will和begoingto的区别①表带意愿色彩的将来用will。Iwillstaywithyouandhelpyou.②在问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时，常用will。Willyougototheparkwithme?③表示客观将来用will。Iwillbe22yearsoldnextyear.④begoingto常用于口语中，表即将发生的动作或存在的状态。Wearegoingtohelphim.⑤打算计划准备要做的事用begoingto。WearegoingtoleavenextMonday.⑥根据某种迹象表明可能要发生的事，用begoingto。Lookattheclouds,It’sgoingtorain.三）精选习题1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe2.Charlie________herenextmonth.A.isn'tworkingB.doesn'tworkingC.isn'tgoingtoworkingD.won'twork3.He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe江同学|初二|一对一|刘老师第4/5页4.There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe5.--_____you______freetomorrow?--No.I_____freethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe6.Mother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give7.--Whereisthemorningpaper?--I________itforyouatonce.A.getB.amgettingC.togetD.willget8.________aconcertnextSaturday?A.TherewillbeB.WilltherebeC.TherecanbeD.Thereare9.Iftheycome,we________ameeting.A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhave10.He________herabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.A.givesB.gaveC.willgiveD.isgoingtogiving11.He________tousassoonashegetsthere.A.writesB.haswrittenC.willwriteD.w