湖南省蓝山一中八年级英语下册Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpar

1湖南省蓝山一中八年级英语下册Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark（第七、八课时）导学案（无答案）人教新目标版第七、八课时总课时：现在完成时用法及综合练习一．.现在完成时的完成用法现在完成时的完成用法指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。例如：Hehasturnedoffthelight.他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况：灯现在不亮了。)现在完成时完成用法的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如：already，yet，before，recently等)、频度时间状语(如：never，ever，once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如：thismorning，thismonth，thisyear...，today等)连用。例如：Haveyoufoundyourpenyet？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？二．现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较1.一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调的是过去的动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是现在的影响。例：Isawthisfilmyesterday.（强调：是昨天看的）Ihaveseenthisfilm.（强调对现在的影响：电影的内容已经知道了）ShehasreturnedfromParis.她已从巴黎回来了。（Sheishere.）Shereturnedyesterday.她是昨天回来了。Theplanehasarrived.飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调：动作发生的时间在过去）Ihavelostmypen.(强调：我现在没有笔)Ilostmypen.(过去笔掉了，没说明现在是否有笔)2.现在完成时不可和表过去的时间状语连用(before,just等除外)，但一般过去时可与表过去的时间状语，如yesterday,lastweek,threedaysago,justnow等连用。如：A：Hello,Kate!Haveyouhadsupper?B：Yes,Ihave.A：Whendidyouhaveit?（When是一个不确定的过去时间）练习：用过去时或现在完成时填空：1.“_________you__________(have)lunch?”“Yes.”“When________you__________(have)it?”“I____________(have)itat12:00.”2.“_________you__________(write)alettertoyourauntyet?”“Yes,I___________.I________________(write)onelastweek.”3.“_________he___________(finish)hishomework?”“Notyet.”4.“_________theyever__________(be)abroad?”“Yes,justonce.”5.Yourfather_________just___________(finish)hiswork.6.Yourfather_________(finish)hisworkjustnow.7.LasttermI__________(learn)manyEnglishwords.8.They____________(notread)theinterestingbooksyet.9.He_____________never____________(go)tothesciencemuseum.10.____________youever____________(drink)coke?11.“____________you_____________(buy)adictionary?““Yes,I__________.”2“Where__________you_____________(buy)it?”“I___________(buy)itinabookstore.”“When___________you_____________(buy)it?”“Yesterday.”三．现在完成时的未完成用法现在完成时的未完成用法指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的时间状语(由howlong,since或for引导)，或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如：thesedays，uptonow，sofar)等。例如：1.Hehaslivedheresince1978.(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)2.Ihavetaughtherefor21years.（表示二十一年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）3.Shehaspassedtheexamsofar.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。四．Since和for的用法1.since+过去的时间点如：Mr.Smithhasworkedheresince1984.1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。He’slearnedabout5,000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。2.for+一段时间（数词+量词）如：Wehaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.我们认识有二十年了。Ihaven’tseenherforalongtime.我好久没有见到她了。*此类划线部分用howlong提问练习：1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays.________________________you____________________?2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.____________________yourfather_________________?3)Helefthereyesterday._________________he___________________?4)Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._____________________they__________abook?练习：用since和for填空1)______twoyears2)_______twoyearsago3)_______lastmonth4)______19995)_______yesterday6)_______4o’clock7)______4hours8)_______anhourago9)_____lunchtime1.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.2.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.3.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.4.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.5.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.3五．现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词，不可用于终止性动词（即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词）。如：come，go，arrive，leave，join，become，die等瞬间动词要转换成延续性动词。具体如下：join----beamemberofbuy----havefallill----beilldie---bedeadcatchacold----haveacoldborrow---keepcome----beherecomeback------bebackcometoChina-----beinChinabegin---beoncometoworkhere---workherebegintostudyhere---studyleave----beaway（from）leavehere------beawayfromheregotobed------beasleepbecomeaworker----beaworker练习：①arriveat/insw,getto/reachsw.→beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarmcome/go/movetosw.→besw1)HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He__________________________Beijingfor__________________.2)ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.I__________________________theUSAsince____________________.3)Iwenthomeyesterday.I________________________homefor___________________.4)Theycameherelastweek.They__________________heresince___________________.②come/goback,return→bebackcome/goout→beout1)Hecameouttwoyearsago.He____________________________for____________________.2)WereturnedtoFuzhouyesterday.We_________________________toFuzhousince__________.③become→be1)Ibecameateacherin2000.I__________________ateacherfor__________________.2)Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver__________________dirtyfor___________________.④close→beclosedopen→beopen1)Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop__________________________for__________________.2)Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.⑤getup→beupdie→bedeadleavesw.→beawayfromsw.fallasleep/gettosleep→beasleepfinish/end→beovermarry→bemarried1)Igotuptwohoursago.I________________________since________________.42)HeleftFuzhoujustnow.He________________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.3)Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa______________________for_______________.4)Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.5)Igottosleeptwohoursago.I__________________________since___________________.6)Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start