改进点格自动机交通网络模型及交通系统自组织现象的研究

a(,100084),,,ModifiedCellularAutomataTrafficNetworkModelandStudyontheSelf2organizationoftheTrafficSystemsHuangBiliangYangJiaben(Dept.ofAutomation,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084)AbstractBasedontheprinciplesofthecellularautomata,anewimprovedcellularau2tomatatrafficnetworkmodelwhichismoreneartherealistictrafficpatternsispresent2edinthispaper.Inthemodel,thetrafficnetworkisdividedintosectionsofroadsandintersections.Thetrafficflowsaresimulatedwithteamsandthevehicledensityisdividedintothreelevels.Withthismodel,westudytheself2organizationphenomenaofthetrafficsystemunderdifferentsituationsandanalyzethedynamicprocessoftheformationoftheself2organizationpatterns.Computersimulationisalsopresented.Keywordstrafficsystems;cellularautomata;self2organization1BML[1],,[2],BML,BML1,;,BML,,;,BML,,BML,,,199833a19966612:X;f(x,t),xX,,f,t;f(x,t+1)f(x1,t),f(x2,t),,f(xn,t),x1,x2,,xnxn;f(x,0);KJ,2,+,,,;,-,,,,,3,,28,8,,,EEûWWûESûWNEEWW,ES,WN:;;;,:3,,4M,,,,,,0,1,2,:,,,(V=0),(V=1)2199834,5[4]:,,,,,,,2M(),,5,,,,,,,,Pt,(),Pt,,,,Pt,,,,PrPt,Pr,,,,,,VV=146iVii=E,W,S,N(1)Vii,i,E,W,S,NVi=NiV2MDi[KJ]=12NiVMDi[KJ]i=E,W,S,N(2)V=0()V=1(),KJ,[KJ]iNii,,Dii,:Di=ni[KJ]2M,i=E,W,S,N(3)niiD=146iDi(4)Di,:D=Di(5)33Di,i=E,W,S,N,ininii[KJ],,,,,,,i,i,ni,,,,,33,M=8,Pt=0.1,Pr=0.9,VsD6AVs,V6L,L=4DVs110,,,,,,D,,:,:M=mõLm(6),,,6C,M=6,L=4,Pt=0.1,Pr=0.9(6),D,Pt,PtV;Pr,Pr,019Pt,PrVs-D,V,,,V,,,:kkL=2k+2k(7)():kk+1(8)419983,:M=mõL=m(2k+2)(9)6Bk=3,m=1,L=8,M=8Vs-D,D,VsA6,,DmDm,,ns,,:Di=ns2M=Dm,i=E,W,S,N(10)1,,L=2k+2,k,mns=mõk(11)Dm=nx2M=mõk2mõL=mõk2m(2k+2)=k4(k+1)(12)6Ak=1,Dm=14(1+1)=18,Bk=3,Dm=34(3+1)=316DDm:nins=mõk(13),,,,,,,7,;,74,,,nins,,nins,Pt,Pr,,,D=1,D=0,,8M=8,k=3,,VD=Dm,,,V,D,,DDs,D=Dm,,Ds=mk,,Pt9Pt,53Pt=0.15,Pr=0.90,M=8,L=8,k=3A:D=0.12;B;D=0.16;C;D=3ö160.198:D=3ö160.19,Pr=0.90,M=8,L=8,k=3;;A:Pt=0.40;B;Pt=0.30;C:Pt=0.20,D:Pt=0.15,E:Pt=0.109Pt,,,619983A:[V]0.85,Pt=0.50;0.85[V]0.95,Pt=0.20;[V]0.95,Pt=0.10;B:Pt=0.50;C:Pt=0115;:D=3ö160.19;Pr=0.90;10PtPt,10B,Pt=0.5,PtPt,,10A,PtV,,,,(,PtPr),,,,5,,,,1BihamO,MiddletonAA,LevineD.Self2organizationandaDynamicalTransitioninTraffic2flowMod2els.PhysicalReviewA,1992,15(30)735,[4]12,1:1a21a22a23(356.518,425.05)(34.996,48.696)(6.711,7.954)(8.046,9.289)(425.05,500)(30,34.996)(7.954,8.046)(350,3561518)(48.696,60)(9.289,10)(6,6.711)1,11,1998,18(2):23-25,65211,1987,7(3),1-113HaimesYY.Multiple2CriteriaDecisionMaking:RespectiveAnalysis.IEEETrans.onSystems,ManandCybernetics,1985,SMC215(3):313-315411,1993,13(5):33-375,11,1990,10(2):66-67,526,1TOPSIS1,1996:16(7):12-167Vargas,LG.AnalysisofSensitivityofReciprocalMatrice.AppliedMathematicsandComputation,1983,12(4):201-320(7)2NagataniT.Self2organizationin2DTrafficFlowModelwithJam2AvoidingDrive.JournalofthePhysi2calSocietyofJapan,April,19953JungukL,Kim,Jyh2CharnS,Liu.PrabaharanI.Swarnam,ThomasUrbanik.TheAreawideReal2timeTrafficControl(ARTC)System:ANewTrafficControlConcept,IEEETransactionsonVehicularTechnology,1993,42(2)4HHaken11:1,199051ö1:1,19946StephenWolfram1TheoryandApplicationofCellularAutomata.WorldScientific,Singapore,19860319983