作者观点态度题

作者态度观点阅读理解中的题目有的时候会问及作者对于某一事件或者某一问题的观点或者态度是什么，以及作者对文章继续展开的内容判断等，这样的题就是观点态度题。解答这种问题时，考生首先应请注意篇章中的连词，这些连词的运用都暗含着作者的态度和观点，从中可以推敲出作者的意图。然后需要注意有些表明作者观点的词汇和语句，考生就可以根据这些词汇和语句的情感来判断作者的态度。总体来讲，观点态度的题比较难，对于这类问题的回答，考生应从篇章的体裁和风格入手，再从文章的论述方法、语气和措辞中把握作者对事物的喜好，从而了解作者的情感与态度。1、观点态度题常见设问方式What’sthetoneofthepassage?Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoward…?Howdoestheauthorfeelabout…?What’stheauthor’sopinionof/about…?Whatistheauthor’soverallattitudetowards…?Whatdoestheauthorthinkof…?Whichofthefollowingistheauthormostlikelytoagreewith?Theauthorseemstobeinfavoroftheideaof________.Theauthorprobablyfeelsthat________.Theauthor’sattitudetowards…mightbebestsummarizedas________.Inthewriter’sopinion,________.Accordingtotheauthor,________.Theauthorofthepassageseemstobe________.Thetoneoftheauthoris________.2、态度观点题的解题技巧(1)注重表示观点或者态度的引导词，例如：inmypoint,asfarasIamconcerned,inmyopinion,Ithink/suppose/argue/believe/claim等。它们后面所接的语句会是作者的观点，切忌注意。(2)对于态度观点题的解答，把握文章的体裁非常重要。如果文章是说明性文章，介绍某一事物或者是说明某一现象，由于说明文本身的客观性，通常情况下作者所持的态度会是中立的。如果是记叙文的话，作者的观点态度不会很明显的显示出来，但是会暗含于陈述的语句之中，这就要求考生好好推敲某些词汇的情感，找出那些渲染气氛和表现情感的语句。A)寻找带有作者强烈感情色彩的名词、动词、形容词或者副词来判定作者态度。“Thegrowthofthelimitedliabilitycompanyandmunicipalbusinesshadimportantconsequences.Suchlarge,impersonalmanipulationofcapitalandindustrygreatlyincreasedthenumbersandimportanceofshareholdersasaclass,anelementinnationalliferepresentingirresponsible(不负责任的，明显是一个贬义词，作者就是批判股东的)wealthdetachedfromthelandandthedutiesofthelandowners;andalmostequallydetachedfromtheresponsiblemanagementofbusiness.”“Fortunately,(幸运的，明显后面连接的是作者支持的，即行业公会起了一个好的作用)however,theincreasingpowerandorganizationofthetradeunions,atleastinallskilledtrades,enabledtheworkmentomeetonequaltermsthemanagersofthecompanieswhoemployedthem.”62.Theauthorismostcriticalof________.[A]familyfirmowners[B]landowners[C]managers[D]shareholders(批判股东)(3)注意转折和对比的地方，也会是作者观点态度的表现。转折或者对比处，也就是作者强调的地方，此处会反应作者的情感和倾向，考试的题目依据通常就会出现在此处。B)段首句中含有“but,yet,however,infact”类表示强转折关系的词时，这句话通常表征作者观点。Schoolshavealwaysbeeninasocietywherepracticalismoreimportantthanintellectual,sayseducationwriterDianeRavitch.Schoolscouldbeacounterbalance.Razitch’slatestbock,LeftBack:ACenturyofFailedSchoolReforms,tracestherootsofanti-intellectualisminourschools,concludingtheyareanythingbutacounterbalancetotheAmericandistasteforintellectualpursuits.Buttheycouldandshouldbe.(但学校可能也应该成为一种反学识的抗衡力，即作者是支持学识的)Encouragingkidstorejectthelifeofthemindleavesthemvulnerabletoexploitationandcontrol.Withouttheabilitytothinkcritically,todefendtheirideasandunderstandtheideasofothers,theycannotfullyparticipateinourdemocracy.Continuingalongthispath,sayswriterEarlShorris,Wewillbecomeasecond-ratecountry.Wewillhavealesscivilsociety.60、Whatdoestheauthorthinkofintellect?[A]Itissecondtointelligence.[B]Itevolvesfromcommonsense.[C]Itistobepursued.(支持学识观点，即学识值得我们追求)[D]Itunderliespower.(4)掌握和熟悉一些表示观点的词汇和短语，例：4.作者态度题中经常出的表征态度的形容词A)支持或赞成：positive,approving,supportive,optimistic,sympathetic,complimentary,affectionate,confident,appreciative,similar,identical①褒义词：positive(赞成的)；supporting(支持的)；praising(赞扬的)；optimistic(乐观的)；admiring(羡慕的)；interesting(有趣的)；humorous(幽默的)；serious(严肃的)；enthusiastic(热情的)；pleasant(愉快的)；polite(礼貌的)；concerned(关切的)；sober(冷静的)等。B)中立或客观：neutral,objective,impartial,unbiased,detachedC)怀疑、批评或反对：negative,disapproving,critical,pessimistic,doubtful,questioning,suspicious,skeptical,scornful,contemptible,opposite,cynical②贬义词：disgusted(感到恶心的，厌恶的)；critical(批评的)；negative(否定的，反对的)；suspicious(怀疑的)；tolerant(容忍的，忍让的)；worried(担忧的)；pessimistic(悲观的)；depressed(沮丧的)；disappointed(失望的)；ironic(讽刺的)；sarcastic(挖苦的)；bitter(痛苦的)；cynical(玩世不恭的)；sentimental(感伤的)；emotional(激动的)；angry(气愤的)等。D)错误选项，永远不选：subjective,indifferent,puzzling,compromising,biaseddisinterestedimpassiveambivalent,A.表示赞同的positiveadj.肯定的,实际的,积极的,确实的favorableadj.赞成的,有利的,赞许的,良好的approvaln.赞成,承认,正式批准enthusiasmn.狂热,热心,积极性supportiveadj.支持的，支援的defensiveadj.为……而辩护B.表示否定的negativeadj.否定的,消极的,负的,阴性的disapprovaladj.不赞成objectionn.异议oppositionn.反对criticaladj.批评的criticismn批评批判disgustvi.令人厌恶,令人反感vt.使作呕warningadj.警告的detestationn.憎恶,厌恶的人,嫌恶indignationn.愤慨contemptn.轻视,轻蔑,耻辱,不尊敬compromisingn.妥协,折衷v.妥协,折衷worriedadj.闷闷不乐的,焦虑的C.表示怀疑的suspicionn.猜疑,怀疑suspiciousadj.(～of)可疑的,怀疑的doubtn.怀疑doubtfuladj.可疑的,不确的,疑心的questionv.质疑puzzlingadj.使迷惑的,使莫明其妙的D.表示客观的objectiveadj.客观的neutraladj.中立的impartialadj.公平的,不偏不倚的disinterestedadj.无私的imprejudicedadj.没有偏见的unbiasedadj.没有偏见的unprejudicedadj.公平的,无偏见的,没有成见的detachedadj.不含个人偏见的E.表示主观的subjectiveadj.主观的,个人的indifferencen.不关心tolerancen.宽容，容忍，忍受pessimismn.悲观,悲观主义gloomyadj.黑暗的,阴沉的,令人沮丧的,阴郁的optimisticadj.乐观的sensitiveadj.有感觉的,敏感[锐]的,易受伤害的scaredadj.恐惧的reservedadj.保留的,包租的consentvi.同意,赞成,答应n.同意,赞成,允诺radicaladj.激进的moderateadj.中等的,适度的,适中的v.缓和mildadj.温和的,温柔的,淡味的,轻微的,适度的ironicadj.说反话的,讽刺的confusedadj.困惑的,烦恼的amazedadj.吃惊的,惊奇的concernedadj.关心的,有关的apprehensiveadj.担忧，担心mixedadj.喜忧参半biasedadj.有偏见的indignantadj.愤怒的,愤慨的F.表示积极的objectiveadj.客观的concernedadj.关注的confidentadj.自信的,确信的interestedadj.感兴趣的,有成见的,有权益的optimisticadj.乐观的positiveadj.正面的impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的,感人的G.表示中立的impartialadj.公平的,不偏不倚的neutrala